288 research outputs found

    Optimization of deepwater channel seismic reservoir characterization using seismic attributes and machine learning

    Get PDF
    Accurate subsurface reservoir mapping is essential for resource exploration. In uncalibrated basins, seismic data, often limited by resolution, frequency, quality, etc., algorithms become the primary information source due to the unavailability of well logs and core data. Seismic attributes, while integral for understanding subsurface structures, visually limit interpreters to working with only three of them at once. Conversely, machine learning, though capable of handling numerous attributes, is often seen as inscrutable "black boxes," complicating the interpretation of their predictions and uncertainties. To address these challenges, a comprehensive approach was undertaken, involving a detailed 3D model from Chilean Patagonia's Tres Pasos Formation with synthetic seismic data. The synthetic data served as a benchmark for conducting sensitivity analysis on seismic attributes, offering insights for parameter and workflow optimization. The study also evaluated the uncertainty in unsupervised and supervised machine learning for deepwater facies prediction through qualitative and quantitative assessments. Study key findings include: 1) High-frequency data and smaller analysis windows provide clearer channel images, while low-frequency data and larger windows create composite appearances, particularly in small stratigraphic features. 2) GTM and SOM exhibited similar performance, with error rates around 2% for predominant facies but significantly higher for individual channel-related facies. This suggests that unbalanced data results in higher errors for minor facies and that a reduction in clusters or a simplified model may better represent reservoir versus non-reservoir facies. 3) Resolution and data distribution significantly impact predictability, leading to non-uniqueness in cluster generation, which applies to supervised models as well. Strengthening the argument that understanding the limitations of seismic data is crucial. 4) Uncertainty in seismic facies prediction is influenced by factors such as training attribute selection, original facies proportions (e.g., imbalanced data, variable errors, and data quality). While optimized random forests achieved an 80% accuracy rate, validation accuracy was lower, emphasizing the need to address uncertainties and their role in interpretation. Overall, the utilization of ground truth seismic data derived from outcrops offers valuable insights into the strengths and challenges of machine learning in subsurface applications, where accurate predictions are critical for decision-making and safety in the energy sector

    A Taxonomy of Representational Strategies in Korean Urban Architecture between 1960s and 2000s

    Get PDF
    학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 공과대학 건축학과, 2023. 8. John Hong.이 논문은 부분과 전체라는 통일된 관점으로 한국의 현대건축을 이해하는 방식을 제안한다. 첫 번째 목표는 부분과 전체의 관계성을 바탕으로 한국건축의 외형을 분류하는 체계를 만드는 것이다. 건물의 표상은 어떤 관념을 내포하는 것이 아니라 객체의 실물적 이미지라는 관점에서, 건물의 부분과 전체는 그 표상의 내용들이고, 그것들이 조직되는 방식은 이미지가 전달되는 방식이다. 따라서 이 분류방식을 통해 한국의 건축가들이 외형으로 어떤 것을 표상하고 어떻게 전달하였는지를 이해하는 것이 두 번째 목표이다.This paper proposes an approach to comprehend contemporary Korean architecture through a singular perspective of "part and whole." The objectives are twofold. Firstly, it aims to develop a taxonomy that classifies the exterior appearance of Korean architecture based on the relational aspects of parts and wholes. Instead of considering the representation of a building as an abstract concept, it views it from the perspective of a physical image of the object. The parts and their organization into a whole within an architectural object serve as the means through which the image is conveyed. Consequently, the second objective is to comprehend what Korean architects had been representing and how they convey it through the appearance of their buildings using this classification approach. Since modernization in South Korea, architecture has been an important medium of communication in the social realm: a representation of the Korean identity, an expression of singularity, authority, a self-establishment of learned modernism, or a proposal for high-density urban condition. Although there have been diversified architectural expressions in modern and contemporary practice in Korea, and despite the emphasis put on the outward expressions, domestic architectural discourses have, since around a certain time, prioritized conceptual themes over their tangible manifestations into an architectural object. Research on architectural expression has predominantly focused on specific architects or labeled architectural styles, with a scarce investigations employing a methodology rooted in the Korean architectural practice. With a focus on the communicative role of architecture, this paper attempts to delve into the atlas of architectural languages in the exterior of Korean contemporary architecture. Underlying in this thesis a premise and hypothesis that "externally fragmented architectures provide a deeper understanding of the context of Korean architecture." The fragmentation is caused by multifaceted concepts and necessities, including critical challenges within Korean architecture such as regionality, spatial experience, pragmatic concerns and intricate urban environments. The taxonomy is to classify the manipulation of generated architectural fragments in the process of incorporating them into each whole, which pertains to the representational strategy. It is a formation of architectural imagery on the exterior through the syntax of diverse fragments. The strategy not only encompasses an artistry of an individual architect, but also emerge as an utterance of the architectural object. Each period is thematized, identifying the crucial themes relevant to the fragmentation of Korean architecture. Then, the syntax between fragments is scrutinized and developed into the taxonomy. Significantly, the primary objective of this research is to investigate the convergence between fragments and representation within the distinctive historical context which manifests into indigenous imageries in the Korean architectural milieu. The research is twofold: First, it develops a basic taxonomy of architectural part-whole, based on the relevant theories on mereology. It further specifies the physical, perceptible languages that contribute to the diversification of each basic type by analyzing significant projects by Korean architects. Second, as a primary objective, it investigate the specific diversification of representational strategies throughout the 1960s and 2000s. Through a iterative process of categorization and analysis, this study aims to identify the architectural fragments that are at hands of Korean architects, and the concurrent evolution of fragmented architecture into a diversified taxonomy. The methodology suggested for understanding the fragmented architecture would be applicable to analyzing architecture more inclusively across the borders of heterogeneous "-isms" and styles. Further investigations regarding mutual influence and comparison with a broader international architectural practice could provide a comprehensive understanding of the introspection of Korean architecture.Table of Contents Abstract i Table of Contents iv Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Background and purpose 1 1.2. Data and methods 8 Chapter 2. Theoretical Background 10 2.1. Theories on part-whole relations in architecture 10 (1) Perception and communication of architectural form 10 (2) Mereology in Architecture 10 2.2. Major discourses on Korean architectural history 10 (1) Diagrams of Korean architecture 10 (2) The logic of fragments in Korean architecture 10 2.3. A basic taxonomy of representational strategies 10 Chapter 3. 1960s-1980s : Early Representational Strategies 11 3.1. Fragments of heterogenous identities 11 (1) Background 11 (2) Integral object 15 Korea Electronic Power Corporation Annex building(1964) 15 Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education Building(1968) 19 Cheondoism Soowoon Hall(1970)(change pics) 21 (3) Collection 25 Suhs Maternity Hospital(1966) 25 3.2. Fragmentation as a consciousness to the surroundings 28 (1) Background 28 (2) Collection 28 Seomun Church(1979) 28 (3) Integral Object 28 Yangduk Catholic Church(1977) 28 Kyungdong Church(1980), Bulgwang-Dong Catholic Church(1981) 28 3.3. Fragments as street-ward cues 28 (1) Background 28 (2) Integral object 28 Turebak (1987) 28 (3) Collection 28 Sun House (1982) 28 3.4. Incorporating fragmented volumes 28 (1) Background 28 (2)Collection 28 Woori-Madang Series(1977-1982) 28 (3) Figure 29 Gallery Bing (1986) 29 Byuksan Building (1985 - 1991) 29 3.5. Summary 29 Ambivalence of fragments 29 Integration-oriented 29 From Above vs. From Below 29 Specified taxonomy (1) 29 Chapter 4. 1980s-2000s : Architecture in Urban Reality 29 4.1. Echoing reality 31 (1) Background 31 (2) Collection of Integral objects - 1 31 Baroque Building (1989) 31 Kim Byung-Yoon, Cho Kun-Young, Son Hak-Sik, Lee Il-Hoon 34 Dong Jeong-Geun 37 (3) Collection of Integral objects - 2 37 Barunson Center(1995) 37 4.2. Reconstructing reality 37 (1) Background 37 (2) Collection of Collections 37 Cho Sung Ryong and Seung Hyo Sang 37 (3) Integral object of Figures 37 Welcomm City(2000) 37 4.3. Utilizing reality 37 (1) Background 37 (2) Integral object of Collections 37 Kim Seung Hoy 37 (3) Integral object of Things 37 Boutique Monaco(2008) 37 4.4. Summary 37 Summary 1 37 Summary 2 37 Specified taxonomy (2) 37 Chapter 5. Discussion Conflict and Compromise of Fragments 38 5.1. 1960s ~ 1980s : Self-contained Urban architecture 38 (1) Fragments in formalism 38 (2) In search of indigenous imageries 38 (3) Syntax from above and from below 38 5.2. 1980s ~ 2000s : Reconstructed Externalities 38 (1) Discovering Reality 38 (2) Reconstructing reality 39 (3) Positive conflicts between fragments of reality 40 Chapter 6. Conclusion 43 6.1. Fragments of Korean architecture 43 6.2. From fragments-in-itself to fragments-for-itself (Evolutionary changes of urban architecture in Korea) 43 Bibliography 43 Abstract in Korean 43석

    GENDER, SEX, AND THE BODY IN MEDIEVAL ARMENIA

    Get PDF
    This dissertation investigates textual representation of the body, gender, and sexuality in Armenian chronicles produced between the fifth and eleventh centuries CE. In so doing, it reconstructs the development of Armenian somatology between Zoroastrian and Islamic suzerainties. Specifically, the dissertation examines the modalities by which the body functioned to medieval Armenian cognition as the locus of identity and alterity through the deployment of such devices as the following, to each of which is devoted a chapter: masculinity, femininity, archetypes of sexual morality, legislation of sexual conduct, sexual experientiality (in both temporal and eschatological dimensions), anatomy, and violence. As such, the body operated visibly in medieval Armenian subjectivity as a definitionally ethnicized object whose value was mediated by its gender assignment (and conformity thereto), carnal continence, spiritual obedience, and corporal vulnerability. The dissertation asserts in conclusion that medieval Armenian traditors directly positioned native purity, articulated as the containment of carnal impulsions and rejection of sensory excess, against foreign intemperance and incontinence. These inclinations to be contained included those not only sexual but dietetic, emotional, and even verbal. In this way, these auteurs operationalized the body to dissimilate Armenian ipseity from intrusive exogeneity. This research finds, secondarily, that the genre of medieval Armenian historical writing was characterized by a pervasive but tacit prohibition against direct acknowledgment of the female body, discussion of which is instead conspicuously (and often awkwardly) displaced onto the more socially acceptable male body or else onto an insentient object of analogy. Finally, the dissertation situates medieval Armenian medical consciousness within a broader regional context, considering it alongside contemporaneous Greek, Persian, and Arabic somatological discourse

    Honeycomb Layered Frameworks with Metallophilic Bilayers

    Full text link
    Honeycomb layered frameworks with metallophilic bilayers have garnered traction in various disciplines due to their unique configuration and numerous physicochemical and topological properties, such as fast ionic conduction, coordination chemistry, and structural defects. These properties make them attractive for energy storage applications, leading to increased attention towards their metallophilic bilayer arrangements. This Review focuses on recent advancements in this field, including characterisation techniques like X-ray absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, particularly for silver-based oxides. It also highlights strategies related to cationic-deficient phases induced by topology or temperature, expanding the compositional space of honeycomb layered frameworks with a focus on cationic bilayer architectures. The Review further discusses theoretical approaches for understanding the bilayered structure, especially concerning critical phenomena at the monolayer-bilayer phase transition. Honeycomb layered frameworks are described as optimised lattices within the congruent sphere packing problem, equivalent to a specific two-dimensional conformal field theory. The monolayer-bilayer phase transition involves a 2D-to-3D crossover. Overall, this Review aims to provide a panoramic view of honeycomb layered frameworks with metallophilic bilayers and their potential applications in the emerging field of quantum matter. It is valuable for recent graduates and experts alike across diverse fields, extending beyond materials science and chemistry.Comment: 68 pages, 24 figure

    Systematic Approaches for Telemedicine and Data Coordination for COVID-19 in Baja California, Mexico

    Get PDF
    Conference proceedings info: ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies Raleigh, HI, United States, March 24-26, 2023 Pages 529-542We provide a model for systematic implementation of telemedicine within a large evaluation center for COVID-19 in the area of Baja California, Mexico. Our model is based on human-centric design factors and cross disciplinary collaborations for scalable data-driven enablement of smartphone, cellular, and video Teleconsul-tation technologies to link hospitals, clinics, and emergency medical services for point-of-care assessments of COVID testing, and for subsequent treatment and quar-antine decisions. A multidisciplinary team was rapidly created, in cooperation with different institutions, including: the Autonomous University of Baja California, the Ministry of Health, the Command, Communication and Computer Control Center of the Ministry of the State of Baja California (C4), Colleges of Medicine, and the College of Psychologists. Our objective is to provide information to the public and to evaluate COVID-19 in real time and to track, regional, municipal, and state-wide data in real time that informs supply chains and resource allocation with the anticipation of a surge in COVID-19 cases. RESUMEN Proporcionamos un modelo para la implementación sistemática de la telemedicina dentro de un gran centro de evaluación de COVID-19 en el área de Baja California, México. Nuestro modelo se basa en factores de diseño centrados en el ser humano y colaboraciones interdisciplinarias para la habilitación escalable basada en datos de tecnologías de teleconsulta de teléfonos inteligentes, celulares y video para vincular hospitales, clínicas y servicios médicos de emergencia para evaluaciones de COVID en el punto de atención. pruebas, y para el tratamiento posterior y decisiones de cuarentena. Rápidamente se creó un equipo multidisciplinario, en cooperación con diferentes instituciones, entre ellas: la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, la Secretaría de Salud, el Centro de Comando, Comunicaciones y Control Informático. de la Secretaría del Estado de Baja California (C4), Facultades de Medicina y Colegio de Psicólogos. Nuestro objetivo es proporcionar información al público y evaluar COVID-19 en tiempo real y rastrear datos regionales, municipales y estatales en tiempo real que informan las cadenas de suministro y la asignación de recursos con la anticipación de un aumento de COVID-19. 19 casos.ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologieshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3236-

    Telomeres, Sex and Epigenetics: The role of mouse HP1γ on telomere stability and sexual dimorphism

    Get PDF
    Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1) is a protein family of epigenetic modifiers that are integral units of heterochromatin establishment with three mammalian isoforms HP1α, HP1β and HP1γ. All three isoforms are found in heterochromatic regions where they assist with chromatin compaction and gene silencing, yet, HP1γ is also enriched on euchromatic regions with a suggestive gene activating role. In mice, HP1γ has been shown to influence genes that differ between the sexes, nonetheless, the implications of this sexual dimorphism and the molecular mechanisms underlying it are poorly understood. Here, I show that HP1γ is important for male cell proliferation and its absence causes earlier onset of cellular senescence in both sexes. The effect of HP1γ loss is further reflected in male embryo growth rate. Cleavage under targets and release using nuclease (CUT & RUN) analysis revealed that HP1γ is binding on genes differentially expressed among the sexes affecting their expression. Preliminary data using Super-Low Input Carrier Cap analysis of gene expression (SLIC-CAGE) suggests that HP1γ most likely does not regulate cryptic transcription in mice. HP1γ was also enriched on repetitive DNA sequences at the end of chromosomes termed telomeres. Given the recruitment of HP1γ at telomeres for heterochromatin formation and the direct link between senescence and telomere length, we examined the role of this factor on telomere maintenance. Loss of mouse HP1γ leads to a downregulation of various telomere and telomere-accessory transcripts, including shelterin protein TRF1. This transcriptional and protein downregulation is associated with increased telomere replication stress and DNA damage, both effects more profound in females. My analysis suggests that the source of the impaired telomere replication is the increase in telomeric DNA:RNA hybrids due to the upregulation of TElomeric Repeatcontaining RNA (TERRA) arising from mouse chromosome 18 and chromosome X. Overall, this PhD thesis showcases the important role of HP1γ on sexual dimorphism and telomere stability during early mouse development.Open Acces
    corecore