19,913 research outputs found

    Timed Analysis of Security Protocols

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    We propose a method for engineering security protocols that are aware of timing aspects. We study a simplified version of the well-known Needham Schroeder protocol and the complete Yahalom protocol, where timing information allows the study of different attack scenarios. We model check the protocols using UPPAAL. Further, a taxonomy is obtained by studying and categorising protocols from the well known Clark Jacob library and the Security Protocol Open Repository (SPORE) library. Finally, we present some new challenges and threats that arise when considering time in the analysis, by providing a novel protocol that uses time challenges and exposing a timing attack over an implementation of an existing security protocol

    A semantic analysis of key management protocols for wireless sensor networks

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    Gorrieri and Martinelli's timed Generalized Non-Deducibility on Compositions (tGNDC) schema is a well-known general framework for the formal verification of security protocols in a concurrent scenario. We generalise the tGNDC schema to verify wireless network security protocols. Our generalisation relies on a simple timed broadcasting process calculus whose operational semantics is given in terms of a labelled transition system which is used to derive a standard simulation theory. We apply our tGNDC framework to perform a security analysis of three well-known key management protocols for wireless sensor networks: \u3bcTESLA, LEAP+ and LiSP

    A formal specification and verification framework for timed security protocols

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    Nowadays, protocols often use time to provide better security. For instance, critical credentials are often associated with expiry dates in system designs. However, using time correctly in protocol design is challenging, due to the lack of time related formal specification and verification techniques. Thus, we propose a comprehensive analysis framework to formally specify as well as automatically verify timed security protocols. A parameterized method is introduced in our framework to handle timing parameters whose values cannot be decided in the protocol design stage. In this work, we first propose timed applied π-calculus as a formal language for specifying timed security protocols. It supports modeling of continuous time as well as application of cryptographic functions. Then, we define its formal semantics based on timed logic rules, which facilitates efficient verification against various authentication and secrecy properties. Given a parameterized security protocol, our method either produces a constraint on the timing parameters which guarantees the security property satisfied by the protocol, or reports an attack that works for any parameter value. The correctness of our verification algorithm has been formally proved. We evaluate our framework with multiple timed and untimed security protocols and successfully find a previously unknown timing attack in Kerberos V

    Security analysis of standard authentication and key agreement protocols utilising timestamps

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    We propose a generic modelling technique that can be used to extend existing frameworks for theoretical security analysis in order to capture the use of timestamps. We apply this technique to two of the most popular models adopted in literature (Bellare-Rogaway and Canetti-Krawczyk). We analyse previous results obtained using these models in light of the proposed extensions, and demonstrate their application to a new class of protocols. In the timed CK model we concentrate on modular design and analysis of protocols, and propose a more efficient timed authenticator relying on timestamps. The structure of this new authenticator implies that an authentication mechanism standardised in ISO-9798 is secure. Finally, we use our timed extension to the BR model to establish the security of an efficient ISO protocol for key transport and unilateral entity authentication

    Practical applications of probabilistic model checking to communication protocols

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    Probabilistic model checking is a formal verification technique for the analysis of systems that exhibit stochastic behaviour. It has been successfully employed in an extremely wide array of application domains including, for example, communication and multimedia protocols, security and power management. In this chapter we focus on the applicability of these techniques to the analysis of communication protocols. An analysis of the performance of such systems must successfully incorporate several crucial aspects, including concurrency between multiple components, real-time constraints and randomisation. Probabilistic model checking, in particular using probabilistic timed automata, is well suited to such an analysis. We provide an overview of this area, with emphasis on an industrially relevant case study: the IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD) protocol. We also discuss two contrasting approaches to the implementation of probabilistic model checking, namely those based on numerical computation and those based on discrete-event simulation. Using results from the two tools PRISM and APMC, we summarise the advantages, disadvantages and trade-offs associated with these techniques

    A semantic analysis of key management protocols for wireless sensor networks

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    Abstract Gorrieri and Martinelli's timed Generalized Non-Deducibility on Compositions (tGNDC) schema is a well-known general framework for the formal verification of security protocols in a concurrent scenario. We generalise the tGNDC schema to verify wireless network security protocols. Our generalisation relies on a simple timed broadcasting process calculus whose operational semantics is given in terms of a labelled transition system which is used to derive a standard simulation theory. We apply our tGNDC framework to perform a security analysis of three well-known key management protocols for wireless sensor networks: µTESLA, LEAP+ and LiSP

    Symbolic Verification and Strategy Synthesis for Linearly-Priced Probabilistic Timed Automata

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    Probabilistic timed automata are a formalism for modelling systems whose dynamics includes probabilistic, nondeterministic and timed aspects including real-time systems. A variety of techniques have been proposed for the analysis of this formalism and successfully employed to analyse, for example, wireless communication protocols and computer security systems. Augmenting the model with prices (or, equivalently, costs or rewards) provides a means to verify more complex quantitative properties, such as the expected energy usage of a device or the expected number of messages sent during a protocol’s execution. However, the analysis of these properties on probabilistic timed automata currently relies on a technique based on integer discretisation of real-valued clocks, which can be expensive in some cases. In this paper, we propose symbolic techniques for verification and optimal strategy synthesis for priced probabilistic timed automata which avoid this discretisation. We build upon recent work for the special case of expected time properties, using value iteration over a zone-based abstraction of the model
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