3,276 research outputs found

    Some Aspects of the Theology of the City in ANE Literature and Biblical Protology and Eschatology: A Comparative Study

    Get PDF
    The city is an essential accomplishment that is embedded in the foundations of human civilization. From its mature appearance in Sumer and its developed forms throughout the ANE world, the city held a high place in cosmology, cosmogony, and anthropogony. The ideology and theology of the city created by the ANE peoples were built around and presented through the interplay of the triangle of influences and dependencies formed by the city, the temple, and kingship in conjunction with the gods. The question is whether the same construct is ingeminated in the Bible. This dissertation strives to provide an appropriate context in order to critically assess the relatedness between the ANE and biblical views on the city, specifically from the perspective of the biblical protology (Genesis 1–11) and eschatology (Revelation 21–22). It also aims to understand the biblical attitudes towards the city, their coordination and complementarity in addressing the ANE views, their conceptual direction, as well as their theoretical and practical consequences

    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volume

    Get PDF
    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volum

    Space-Efficient Parameterized Algorithms on Graphs of Low Shrubdepth

    Full text link
    Dynamic programming on various graph decompositions is one of the most fundamental techniques used in parameterized complexity. Unfortunately, even if we consider concepts as simple as path or tree decompositions, such dynamic programming uses space that is exponential in the decomposition's width, and there are good reasons to believe that this is necessary. However, it has been shown that in graphs of low treedepth it is possible to design algorithms which achieve polynomial space complexity without requiring worse time complexity than their counterparts working on tree decompositions of bounded width. Here, treedepth is a graph parameter that, intuitively speaking, takes into account both the depth and the width of a tree decomposition of the graph, rather than the width alone. Motivated by the above, we consider graphs that admit clique expressions with bounded depth and label count, or equivalently, graphs of low shrubdepth (sd). Here, sd is a bounded-depth analogue of cliquewidth, in the same way as td is a bounded-depth analogue of treewidth. We show that also in this setting, bounding the depth of the decomposition is a deciding factor for improving the space complexity. Precisely, we prove that on nn-vertex graphs equipped with a tree-model (a decomposition notion underlying sd) of depth dd and using kk labels, we can solve - Independent Set in time 2O(dk)nO(1)2^{O(dk)}\cdot n^{O(1)} using O(dk2logn)O(dk^2\log n) space; - Max Cut in time nO(dk)n^{O(dk)} using O(dklogn)O(dk\log n) space; and - Dominating Set in time 2O(dk)nO(1)2^{O(dk)}\cdot n^{O(1)} using nO(1)n^{O(1)} space via a randomized algorithm. We also establish a lower bound, conditional on a certain assumption about the complexity of Longest Common Subsequence, which shows that at least in the case of IS the exponent of the parametric factor in the time complexity has to grow with dd if one wishes to keep the space complexity polynomial.Comment: Conference version to appear at the European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2023

    Mapping Black Europe: Monuments, Markers, Memories

    Get PDF
    Black communities have been making major contributions to Europe's social and cultural life and landscapes for centuries. However, their achievements largely remain unrecognized by the dominant societies, as their perspectives are excluded from traditional modes of marking public memory. For the first time in European history, leading Black scholars and activists examine this issue - with first-hand knowledge of the eight European capitals in which they live. Highlighting existing monuments, memorials, and urban markers they discuss collective narratives, outline community action, and introduce people and places relevant to Black European history, which continues to be obscured today

    Transnational Education: Risking ‘recolonisation’

    Get PDF

    Searching for Dead Sea Scribes:a study on using Artificial Intelligence and palaeography for writer identification in correlation with spelling and scribal practices, codicology, handwriting quality, and literary classification systems for Dead Sea Scrolls

    Get PDF
    My study explores the Dead Sea Scrolls through the lens of individual scribes. Specifically, the practices of individual scribes responsible for penningtwo or more of the Oumran manuscripts. It utilises innovative digital palaeographic methods alongside traditional palaeographic approaches for scribalidentification. It gathers previously un-gathered data on the handwriting, spelling practices, codicological features and literary content of individual scribes. The study explores how this data on scribes both supports and challenges various aspects of theories in the field of Dead Sea Scroll studies, which accept a a sectarian origin for the Qumran manuscripts

    The Factors Contributing to Patriarchy in Contemporary Rural Bangladesh

    Full text link
    This study examines factors that have contributed to the persistence of patriarchy in rural Bangladesh. Patriarchy is a social structure and practice in which men have power and privilege over women, subjecting them to various forms of oppression and exploitation. Previous studies have claimed that government and NGO-led development policies promote gender equality by improving women's access to education, microfinance, employment, political representation, and legal protections. Government and NGO-led development initiatives have improved women’s socioeconomic conditions in Bangladesh. However, gender inequality and discrimination against women remain prevalent. I argue that discriminatory cultural practices such as child marriage, dowry, and domestic violence uphold patriarchy, which perpetuates gender inequality in rural Bangladesh. This study employs ethnographic research, unstructured interviews, and participant observation to examine views held by Bangladesh’s rural population regarding discriminatory cultural practices. The findings of this thesis indicate that local sociocultural contexts determine women's empowerment in Bangladesh. Patriarchal gender norms, conservative Islamic views, and social acceptance of gender-based discrimination perpetuate gender inequality in rural Bangladesh. Rural women's economic and social stability is primarily derived from patrilocal marriage, which upholds their subjugation. Moreover, conservative gender norms and discriminatory Muslim personal laws continue to govern Muslim women's family and social status, despite their rising socioeconomic participation. Since 1975, political parties have countered weak electoral legitimacy and justified their hold on political power, by cultivating ties to conservative Islamic groups and emphasising party commitment to Islam, in line with societal norms and expectations. They have sought to maintain a balance between the role of modernisers (i.e., involving women in socioeconomic activities) and the incorporation of gender discrimination into the National Women's Development Policy, family laws, and laws around child marriage and dowry prohibition. In addition, the government refuses to challenge conservative voices that promote child marriage, wedding gifts (typically dowry), and domestic violence. Profit-driven microfinance NGOs and legal system corruption further limit women's protection against such patriarchal traditions. Based on these findings, this thesis argues that locally driven development policies involving conservative Islamic groups can advance gender equality in rural Bangladesh by shifting community support towards the promotion of women's rights

    Accustomed to Obedience?

    Get PDF
    Many histories of Ancient Greece center their stories on Athens, but what would that history look like if they didn’t? There is another way to tell this story, one that situates Greek history in terms of the relationships between smaller Greek cities and in contact with the wider Mediterranean. In this book, author Joshua P. Nudell offers a new history of the period from the Persian wars to wars that followed the death of Alexander the Great, from the perspective of Ionia. While recent scholarship has increasingly treated Greece through the lenses of regional, polis, and local interaction, there has not yet been a dedicated study of Classical Ionia. This book fills this clear gap in the literature while offering Ionia as a prism through which to better understand Classical Greece. This book offers a clear and accessible narrative of the period between the Persian Wars and the wars of the early Hellenistic period, two nominal liberations of the region. The volume complements existing histories of Classical Greece. Close inspection reveals that the Ionians were active partners in the imperial endeavor, even as imperial competition constrained local decision-making and exacerbated local and regional tensions. At the same time, the book offers interventions on critical issues related to Ionia such as the Athenian conquest of Samos, rhetoric about the freedom of the Greeks, the relationship between Ionian temple construction and economic activity, the status of the Panionion, Ionian poleis and their relationship with local communities beyond the circle of the dodecapolis, and the importance of historical memory to our understanding of ancient Greece. The result is a picture of an Aegean world that is more complex and less beholden narratives that give primacy to the imperial actors at the expense of local developments

    The University of Montana: A History Through the Lens of Physical Culture, PE, Health, Athletics, and Recreation 1897-2019: The Evolution of a Department

    Get PDF
    https://scholarworks.umt.edu/burns/1000/thumbnail.jp
    corecore