Maritime Computing Transportation, Environment, and Development: Trends of Data Visualization and Computational Methodologies

This research aims to characterize the field of maritime computing (MC) transportation, environment, and development. It is the first report to discover how MC domain configurations support management technologies. An aspect of this research is the creation of drivers of ocean-based businesses. Systematic search and meta-analysis are employed to classify and define the MC domain. MC developments were first identified in the 1990s, representing maritime development for designing sailboats, submarines, and ship hydrodynamics. The maritime environment is simulated to predict emission reductions, coastal waste particles, renewable energy, and engineer robots to observe the ocean ecosystem. Maritime transportation focuses on optimizing ship speed, maneuvering ships, and using liquefied natural gas and submarine pipelines. Data trends with machine learning can be obtained by collecting a big data of similar computational results for implementing artificial intelligence strategies. Research findings show that modeling is an essential skill set in the 21st century

Review of Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis in Biomimetic Applications for Underwater Vehicles

Biomimetics, which draws inspiration from nature, has emerged as a key approach in the development of underwater vehicles. The integration of this approach with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has further propelled research in this field. CFD, as an effective tool for dynamic analysis, contributes significantly to understanding and resolving complex fluid dynamic problems in underwater vehicles. Biomimetics seeks to harness innovative inspiration from the biological world. Through the imitation of the structure, behavior, and functions of organisms, biomimetics enables the creation of efficient and unique designs. These designs are aimed at enhancing the speed, reliability, and maneuverability of underwater vehicles, as well as reducing drag and noise. CFD technology, which is capable of precisely predicting and simulating fluid flow behaviors, plays a crucial role in optimizing the structural design of underwater vehicles, thereby significantly enhancing their hydrodynamic and kinematic performances. Combining biomimetics and CFD technology introduces a novel approach to underwater vehicle design and unveils broad prospects for research in natural science and engineering applications. Consequently, this paper aims to review the application of CFD technology in the biomimicry of underwater vehicles, with a primary focus on biomimetic propulsion, biomimetic drag reduction, and biomimetic noise reduction. Additionally, it explores the challenges faced in this field and anticipates future advancements

Desiging an efficient tidal turbine blade through Bio-mimicry: A systemic review

Purpose: A comprehensive literature review is conducted in the tidal energy physics, the ocean environment, hydrodynamics of horizontal axis tidal turbines, and bio-mimicry. Design/methodology/approach: The paper provides an insight of the tidal turbine blade design and need for renewable energy sources to generate electricity through clean energy sources and less CO2 emission. The ocean environment along with hydrodynamic design principles of a horizontal axis tidal turbine blade are described, including theoretical maximum efficiency, Blade Element Momentum theory, and non-dimensional forces acting on tidal turbine blades. Findings: This review gives an overview of fish locomotion identifying the attributes of the swimming like lift based thrust propulsion, the locomotion driving factors: dorsal fins, caudal fins in propulsion, which enable the fish to be efficient even at low tidal velocities. Originality/ value: Finally, after understanding the phenomenon of caudal fin propulsion and its relationship with tidal turbine blade hydrodynamics; this review focuses on the implications of bio-mimicking a curved caudal fin to design an efficient Horizontal Axis Tidal Turbine

Pemahaman pelajar tingkatan lima katering terhadap bab kaedah memasak dalam mata pelajaran teknologi katering

Bab Kaedah Memasak merupakan salah satu bab yang penting dalam mata pelajaran Teknologi Katering. Faktor terpenting adalah memastikan pelajar menguasai serta memahami konsepnya adalah melalui proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang betul. Tinjauan awal di Sekolah Menengah Teknik yang menawarkan Kursus Katering, menunjukkan bahawa kebanyakan pelajar sukar untuk menguasai dan memahami bab tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil tinjauan , pengkaji ingin mengenalpasti pemasalahan dalam memahami bab tersebut. Di samping itu juga, pengkaji ingin mengenalpasti adakah pencapaian pelajar dalam PMR, minat, motivasi dan gaya pembelajaran mempengaruhi pemahaman pelajar, Kajian rintis telah dilakukan terhadap 10 orang responden dengan nilai alpha 0.91. Ini menunjukkan kebolehpercayaan terhadap kajian di jalankan adalah tinggi. Responden adalah terdiri daripada 30 orang pelajar Tingkatan Lima (ERT) Sekolah Menengah Teknik Muar, Johor. Keputusan skor min keseluruhan menunjukkan pelajar berminat dan mempunyai motivasi ynag baik dalam bidang ini. Namun begitu, gaya pembelajaran yang diamalkan tidak sesuai dan antara pemyebab wujudnya pemasalahan dalam memahami bab Kaedah Memasak. Ujian kolerasi menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat sebarang hubungan signifikan antara pencapaian PMR pelajar dengan pemahaman bab tersebut. Sementara minat, motivasi dan gaya pembelajaran membuktikan ada hubungan signifikan dengan pemahaman pelajar dalam bab Kaedah Memasak

Hydrodynamics of a remora-inspired autonomous underwater vehicle approaching and docking to a benchmark submarine

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are applied in a variety of industries to increase the efficiency and safety of maritime operations. Traditional docking and recovery techniques for AUVs, however, can be inefficient. Therefore, the development of a dynamic underwater recovery mechanism for AUVs is now needed. Recent research has investigated the symbiotic relationship between the remora fish and the shark from a hydrodynamic perspective. Numerical simulations have demonstrated that by exploiting the boundary layer and adverse pressure gradient regions around the shark, the resistance experienced by remora fish can be significantly reduced. Inspired by this, an AUV was designed, and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the impact of various attachment locations. Moreover, simulations were performed to investigate the hydrodynamic characteristics of the AUV during the docking process, specifically when it enters the boundary layer of the submarine and approaches it. The boundary layer flow, which influences the AUV's resistance, can also provide a force that attract the AUV towards the submarine.This research identifies an optimal attachment location and investigates the effects on the AUV when two underwater vehicles of significantly different sizes are in close proximity. It supports further study to develop a dynamic underwater docking operation

Underwater radiated noise from marine vessels: A review of noise reduction methods and technology

Marine anthropogenic noise has increased significantly over the past few decades, and a growing body of research is highlighting the negative impacts this is having on marine eco-systems. With increasing pressure to reduce the noise generated by commercial and other shipping, there is a need to develop new technologies and look at how existing technology can be applied to reducing vessel noise. In this review, the sources of underwater noise from marine vessels are outlined and a range of devices and technologies are assessed to see how they can be applied to reducing it. Covering cavitation, propeller and flow noise, and machinery noise, a wide range of technologies are reviewed with differing levels of maturity. It is found that there already exists a wide range of technologies that could be readily applied to many vessels, and there are others in earlier stages of development that could provide substantial benefits in the medium-term. However, there is still a lack of quantitative data on the effectiveness of many noise-reducing technologies, particularly at full-scale. This makes legislation more difficult to enact and, together with the lack of economic incentives, is limiting the adoption of such technology by the marine industry

Underwater Vehicles

For the latest twenty to thirty years, a significant number of AUVs has been created for the solving of wide spectrum of scientific and applied tasks of ocean development and research. For the short time period the AUVs have shown the efficiency at performance of complex search and inspection works and opened a number of new important applications. Initially the information about AUVs had mainly review-advertising character but now more attention is paid to practical achievements, problems and systems technologies. AUVs are losing their prototype status and have become a fully operational, reliable and effective tool and modern multi-purpose AUVs represent the new class of underwater robotic objects with inherent tasks and practical applications, particular features of technology, systems structure and functional properties

3D locomotion biomimetic robot fish with haptic feedback

This thesis developed a biomimetic robot fish and built a novel haptic robot fish system based on the kinematic modelling and three-dimentional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) hydrodynamic analysis. The most important contribution is the successful CFD simulation of the robot fish, supporting users in understanding the hydrodynamic properties around it

Design study of a horizontal axis tidal turbine blade

Tidal current power generation offers a prospect of renewable energy which is predictable, and has lower CO2 emissions than traditional energy generation sources. It also has the potential to fulfil a significant part of the energy requirements of the UK and the rest of the world. The horizontal axis tidal turbine (HATT) acts as one of the means to convert the kinetic energy available in seawater into mechanical energy, and this research explores the hydrodynamics and the Computational Fluid Analysis (CFD) based design study of this. The first aim of this research was to develop a novel HATT blade shape through bio-mimicking a curved caudal fin shape to produce improved power coefficient. A second aim was to compare two different turbulence modelling techniques to enable the comparison of the power coefficients with the standard HATT models in tidal turbine blade literature. There were two types of numerical approaches used: The SST model and a more complex mathematical model, LES-Smagorinsky, to perform steady state and transient CFD analysis respectively on the designed blades using ANSYS CFX. The initial default HATT was designed, parameterised, and represented as a straight blade following to the standard HATT literature. The airfoil centres of the straight blade are built around the centreline, where the centreline acts as the master, and a novel third order polynomial function was integrated on the centreline to model the Blue Marlin fish caudal fin look-alike target shape. This approach was used to model the further 3 sets of curved blade shapes in percentage wise chord lengths. The CFD analysis of the two dimensional airfoils was conducted using ANSYS CFX, and compared against the literature. A further comparative analysis was performed with different mesh settings, and using the SST turbulence model. The comparative analysis formed an integral part of the CFD analysis to define the boundary conditions and the verification of the three dimensional CFD based HATT design study. The design strategy to move the curved blade backwards to the straight blade was also developed. The results obtained from the three dimensional comparative CFD analysis show good agreement between the two different turbulence modelling techniques used also producing an improved curved blade shape achieving the power coefficient of 0.5073% for SST simulations and 0.5178% for the LES-Smagorinsky CFD simulations. It is seen that LES-Smagorinsky CFD results produce slightly greater efficiency than the SST simulations, but the computational overhead required is massive. Finally, after comparing the improved efficiency of the bio-mimicked curved blade with the standard HATT models in the literature, it can proved that bio-mimicking the caudal fin look-alike blade produces a higher power coefficient than the standard HATT blade