359,649 research outputs found
A Foundational View on Integration Problems
The integration of reasoning and computation services across system and
language boundaries is a challenging problem of computer science. In this
paper, we use integration for the scenario where we have two systems that we
integrate by moving problems and solutions between them. While this scenario is
often approached from an engineering perspective, we take a foundational view.
Based on the generic declarative language MMT, we develop a theoretical
framework for system integration using theories and partial theory morphisms.
Because MMT permits representations of the meta-logical foundations themselves,
this includes integration across logics. We discuss safe and unsafe integration
schemes and devise a general form of safe integration
A Survey on Continuous Time Computations
We provide an overview of theories of continuous time computation. These
theories allow us to understand both the hardness of questions related to
continuous time dynamical systems and the computational power of continuous
time analog models. We survey the existing models, summarizing results, and
point to relevant references in the literature
dibaryon from lattice QCD near the physical point
The nucleon()-Omega() system in the S-wave and spin-2 channel
(S) is studied from the (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD with nearly physical
quark masses (~MeV and ~MeV). The
time-dependent HAL QCD method is employed to convert the lattice QCD data of
the two-baryon correlation function to the baryon-baryon potential and
eventually to the scattering observables. The (S) potential,
obtained under the assumption that its couplings to the D-wave octet-baryon
pairs are small, is found to be attractive in all distances and to produce a
quasi-bound state near unitarity: In this channel, the scattering length, the
effective range and the binding energy from QCD alone read ~fm, ~fm, ~MeV,
respectively. Including the extra Coulomb attraction, the binding energy of
(S) becomes ~MeV. Such a spin-2 state could be
searched through two-particle correlations in -, -nucleus and
nucleus-nucleus collisions.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, a reference adde
Formalization, Mechanization and Automation of G\"odel's Proof of God's Existence
G\"odel's ontological proof has been analysed for the first-time with an
unprecedent degree of detail and formality with the help of higher-order
theorem provers. The following has been done (and in this order): A detailed
natural deduction proof. A formalization of the axioms, definitions and
theorems in the TPTP THF syntax. Automatic verification of the consistency of
the axioms and definitions with Nitpick. Automatic demonstration of the
theorems with the provers LEO-II and Satallax. A step-by-step formalization
using the Coq proof assistant. A formalization using the Isabelle proof
assistant, where the theorems (and some additional lemmata) have been automated
with Sledgehammer and Metis.Comment: 2 page
The Information-Flow Approach to Ontology-Based Semantic Integration
In this article we argue for the lack of formal foundations for ontology-based semantic alignment. We analyse and formalise the basic notions of semantic matching and alignment and we situate them in the context of ontology-based alignment in open-ended and distributed environments, like the Web. We then use the mathematical notion of information flow in a distributed system to ground three hypotheses that enable semantic alignment. We draw our exemplar applications of this work from a variety of interoperability scenarios including ontology mapping, theory of semantic interoperability, progressive ontology alignment, and situated semantic alignment
A survey of statistical network models
Networks are ubiquitous in science and have become a focal point for
discussion in everyday life. Formal statistical models for the analysis of
network data have emerged as a major topic of interest in diverse areas of
study, and most of these involve a form of graphical representation.
Probability models on graphs date back to 1959. Along with empirical studies in
social psychology and sociology from the 1960s, these early works generated an
active network community and a substantial literature in the 1970s. This effort
moved into the statistical literature in the late 1970s and 1980s, and the past
decade has seen a burgeoning network literature in statistical physics and
computer science. The growth of the World Wide Web and the emergence of online
networking communities such as Facebook, MySpace, and LinkedIn, and a host of
more specialized professional network communities has intensified interest in
the study of networks and network data. Our goal in this review is to provide
the reader with an entry point to this burgeoning literature. We begin with an
overview of the historical development of statistical network modeling and then
we introduce a number of examples that have been studied in the network
literature. Our subsequent discussion focuses on a number of prominent static
and dynamic network models and their interconnections. We emphasize formal
model descriptions, and pay special attention to the interpretation of
parameters and their estimation. We end with a description of some open
problems and challenges for machine learning and statistics.Comment: 96 pages, 14 figures, 333 reference
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