A Cost and Power Feasibility Analysis of Quantum Annealing for NextG Cellular Wireless Networks

In order to meet mobile cellular users' ever-increasing data demands, today's 4 G and 5 G wireless networks are designed mainly with the goal of maximizing spectral efficiency. While they have made progress in this regard, controlling the carbon footprint and operational costs of such networks remains a long-standing problem among network designers. This paper takes a long view on this problem, envisioning a NextG scenario where the network leverages quantum annealing for cellular baseband processing. We gather and synthesize insights on power consumption, computational throughput and latency, spectral efficiency, operational cost, and feasibility timelines surrounding quantum annealing technology. Armed with these data, we project the quantitative performance targets future quantum annealing hardware must meet in order to provide a computational and power advantage over CMOS hardware, while matching its whole-network spectral efficiency. Our quantitative analysis predicts that with 82.32 μ s problem latency and 2.68 M qubits, quantum annealing will achieve a spectral efficiency equal to CMOS while reducing power consumption by 41 kW (45% lower) in a Large MIMO base station with 400 MHz bandwidth and 64 antennas, and a 160 kW power reduction (55% lower) using 8.04 M qubits in a CRAN setting with three Large MIMO base stations

Topology, Correlation, and Information in Designer Quantum Systems

This thesis discusses the use of subgap and boundary modes for quantum engineering of novel phases, devices and response characteristics. It is comprised of four separate topics: quantum magnetism in Yu-Shiba-Rusinov chains, single-atom Josephson diodes, readout ofMajorana qubits, and surface photogalvanic response inWeyl semimetals. Chains of magnetic adatoms on superconductors have been discussed as promising systems for realizingMajorana end states. Here,we showthat dilute Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) chains are also a versatile platform for quantum magnetism and correlated electron dynamics, with widely adjustable spin values and couplings. Focusing on subgap excitations, we derive an extended t − J model for dilute quantum YSR chains and use it to study the phase diagram as well as tunneling spectra. We explore the implications of quantum magnetism for the formation of a topological superconducting phase, contrasting it to existing models assuming classical spin textures. Current-biased Josephson junctions exhibit hysteretic transitions between dissipative and superconducting states as characterized by switching and retrapping currents. Here, we develop a theory for diode-like effects in the switching and retrapping currents ofweakly-damped Josephson junctions. We find that while the diode-like behavior of switching currents is rooted in asymmetric current-phase relations, nonreciprocal retrapping currents originate in asymmetric quasiparticle currents. These different origins also imply distinctly different symmetry requirements. We illustrate our results by a microscopic model for junctions involving YSR subgap states. Our theory provides significant guidance in identifying the microscopic origin of nonreciprocities in Josephson junctions. Schemes for topological quantum computation withMajorana bound states rely heavily on the ability to measure products ofMajorana operators projectively. Here,weemployMarkovian quantum measurement theory, including the readout device, to analyze such measurements. Specifically, we focus on the readout of Majorana qubits via continuous charge sensing of a tunnel-coupled quantum dot by a quantum point contact. We show that projective measurements of Majorana products can be implemented by continuous charge sensing under quite general circumstances. Essential requirements are that a combined local parity ˆπ, involving the quantum dot charge along with the Majorana product of interest, be conserved, and that the two eigenspaces of the combined parity ˆπ generate distinguishable measurement signals. The photogalvanic effect requires the intrinsic symmetry of the medium to be sufficiently low, which strongly limits candidate materials for this effect.We explore how inWeyl semimetals the photogalvanic effect can be enabled and controlled by design of Fermi arc states at the material surface. Specifically, we provide a theory of ballistic photogalvanic current in a Weyl semimetal slab. We show that the confinement-induced response is tightly linked to the configuration of Fermi-arc surface states, thus inheriting the same directionality and sensitivity to boundary conditions. In principle this enables the control of the photogalvanic response through manipulation at the surface only

UCity: utopias and dystopias

A part of the Third International Conference for Young Urban Researchers (TICYUrb) held in June 2018, the track UCITY was designed to help participants reflect on the roles of Utopias, Dystopias and Heterotopias in reflecting about and rethinking the city in the present, past and future. Particularly, utopian and dystopian literature have influenced the debate throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, helping to make the city the center of our most fertile imaginaries about the future, social progress and transformation. Cities evolved to symbolize the future of Humanity and thus utopian, dystopian and heterotopian scenarios became alternative reflections of who we wished to become. With the rise of the ubiquitous Smart Cities paradigm, it is extremely important that we collaborate with the Arts and Humanities to imagine and discuss alternative ideas for the future of our cities. From a collective project to an insurgent tool for urban inquiry, the term utopia is explored in the following discussions as a representation of the much needed space for dialogue about what is possible, desirable and valuable.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tracing the Atom

This book is about nuclear legacies in Russia and Central Asia, focusing on selected sites of the Soviet atomic program, many of which have remained understudied. Nuclear operations, for energy or military purposes, demanded a vast infrastructure of production and supply chains that have transformed entire regions. In following the material traces of the atomic programs, contributors pay particular attention to memory practices and memorialization concerning nuclear legacies. Tracing the Atom foregrounds historical and contemporary engagements with nuclear politics: How have institutions and governments responded to the legacies of the atomic era? How do communities and artists articulate concerns over radioactive matters? What was the role of radiation expertise in a broader Soviet and international context of the Cold War? Examining nuclear legacies together with past atomic futures and post-Soviet memory and nuclear heritage, sheds light on how modes of knowing intersect with livelihoods, compensation policies, and historiography. Bringing together a range of disciplines – history, science and technology studies, social anthropology, literary studies, and art history – this volume offers insights that broaden our understanding of 20th century atomic programs and their long aftermaths

Interview with Terry Cole

Interview in three sessions, October 1996, with Terry Cole, senior faculty associate in the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and senior member of the technical staff of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Cole earned his BS in chemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1954 and his PhD from Caltech in 1958 under Don Yost, on magnetic resonance. The following year he moved to the Ford Scientific Research Laboratory, in Dearborn, Michigan, where he rose to head the departments of chemistry and chemical engineering. In 1980 he joined JPL's Energy & Technology Applications branch; in 1982 he became JPL's chief technologist, and he was instrumental in establishing JPL's Microdevices Laboratory and its Center for Space Microelectronic Technology. Interview includes recollections of Lew Allen's directorship of JPL and a discussion of the origins of the SURF (Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship) program

Tracing the Atom

This book is about nuclear legacies in Russia and Central Asia, focusing on selected sites of the Soviet atomic program, many of which have remained understudied. Nuclear operations, for energy or military purposes, demanded a vast infrastructure of production and supply chains that have transformed entire regions. In following the material traces of the atomic programs, contributors pay particular attention to memory practices and memorialization concerning nuclear legacies. Tracing the Atom foregrounds historical and contemporary engagements with nuclear politics: How have institutions and governments responded to the legacies of the atomic era? How do communities and artists articulate concerns over radioactive matters? What was the role of radiation expertise in a broader Soviet and international context of the Cold War? Examining nuclear legacies together with past atomic futures and post-Soviet memory and nuclear heritage, sheds light on how modes of knowing intersect with livelihoods, compensation policies, and historiography. Bringing together a range of disciplines – history, science and technology studies, social anthropology, literary studies, and art history – this volume offers insights that broaden our understanding of 20th century atomic programs and their long aftermaths

The Literature of Bio-Political Panic: European Imperialism, Nervous Conditions and Masculinities from 1900 to 9/11

This thesis examines selected literary representations of personal and political panic in the period 1899-2005, with a particular focus on the way in which literary languages are able to mediate issues around embodied experience. The main emphasis of this thesis is to demonstrate how nervous conditions, informing embodied phenomenological experience and existentialist insights, can be politically subversive in their un-learning of interpellated knowledge. In its opening section, this work studies a novel published in 1899 that depicts contemporary fears about nervous degeneration and offers an interrogation of the ideology of masculinity corresponding to the expansionist era of European imperialism. The trauma of First World War shell-shock and the nervous anxiety of colonial ‘white’ masculinist performance feature in the second and third sections respectively. These study literary texts that juxtapose masculinity crisis with the politics of identity and the articulation of the related problematic of agency. The final section studies a novel that depicts neo-Darwinism and genetic determinism in an age of political terrorism and counter-terrorism post-9/11 and before the 2003 Iraq War. It investigates the novel’s suggestion that bio-political reifications may be resisted by the exercise of emotional empathy and existentialist ambivalence. The thesis as a whole explores how masculinity and existentialist crisis can produce emotional and epistemic interruptions in ideologies that inform normative bodily and social behaviour. In order to offer deeper analyses of nervous conditions and cultural cognition, this work attempts to incorporate various tenets and experimental findings of modern neuroscience with ideas and theories from philosophy of mind. Through a study of selected literary texts, the thesis is offered as a small contribution to the understanding of the nature of human agency, empathy and identity in the changing political world of the last and the current century