Solutions for the General, Confluent and Biconfluent Heun equations and their connection with Abel equations

In a recent paper, the canonical forms of a new multi-parameter class of Abel differential equations, so-called AIR, all of whose members can be mapped into Riccati equations, were shown to be related to the differential equations for the hypergeometric 2F1, 1F1 and 0F1 functions. In this paper, a connection between the AIR canonical forms and the Heun General (GHE), Confluent (CHE) and Biconfluent (BHE) equations is presented. This connection fixes the value of one of the Heun parameters, expresses another one in terms of those remaining, and provides closed form solutions in terms of pFq functions for the resulting GHE, CHE and BHE, respectively depending on four, three and two irreducible parameters. This connection also turns evident what is the relation between the Heun parameters such that the solutions admit Liouvillian form, and suggests a mechanism for relating linear equations with N and N-1 singularities through the canonical forms of a non-linear equation of one order less.Comment: Original version submitted to Journal of Physics A: 16 pages, related to math.GM/0002059 and math-ph/0402040. Revised version according to referee's comments: 23 pages. Sign corrected (June/17) in formula (79). Second revised version (July/25): 25 pages. See also http://lie.uwaterloo.ca/odetools.ht

On the meromorphic solutions to an equation of Hayman

The behaviour of meromorphic solutions to differential equations has been the subject of much study. Research has concentrated on the value distribution of meromorphic solutions and their rates of growth. The purpose of the present paper is to show that a thorough search will yield a list of all meromorphic solutions to a multi-parameter ordinary differential equation introduced by Hayman. This equation does not appear to be integrable for generic choices of the parameters so we do not find all solutions —only those that are meromorphic. This is achieved by combining Wiman-Valiron theory and local series analysis. Hayman conjectured that all entire solutions of this equation are of finite order. All meromorphic solutions of this equation are shown to be either polynomials or entire functions of order one

Quantisation conditions of the quantum Hitchin system and the real geometric Langlands correspondence

Single-valuedness of the eigenfunctions of the quantised Hitchin Hamiltonians is proposed as a natural quantisation condition. Separation of Variables can be used to relate the classification of eigenstates to the classification of projective structures with real holonomy. Using complex Fenchel-Nielsen coordinates one may reformulate the quantisation conditions in terms of the generating function for the variety of opers. These results are interpreted as a variant of the geometric Langlands correspondence.Comment: 30 pages; v2: relevant corrections, close to fina

On the integrability of polynomial fields in the plane by means of Picard-Vessiot theory

We study the integrability of polynomial vector fields using Galois theory of linear differential equations when the associated foliations is reduced to a Riccati type foliation. In particular we obtain integrability results for some families of quadratic vector fields, Li\'enard equations and equations related with special functions such as Hypergeometric and Heun ones. We also study the Poincar\'e problem for some of the families.Preprin

On the integrability of polynomial vector fields in the plane by means of Picard-Vessiot theory

We study the integrability of polynomial vector fields using Galois theory of linear differential equations when the associated foliations is reduced to a Riccati type foliation. In particular we obtain integrability results for some families of quadratic vector fields, Liénard equations and equations related with special functions such as Hypergeometric and Heun ones. The Poincaré problem for some families is also approached

Leonard Euler: addition theorems and superintegrable systems

We consider the Euler approach to construction and to investigation of the superintegrable systems related to the addition theorems. As an example we reconstruct Drach systems and get some new two-dimensional superintegrable Stackel systems.Comment: The text of the talk at International Conference Geometry, Dynamics, Integrable Systems, September 2-7, 2008, Belgrade, Serbia, LaTeX, 18 page