Growth & Innovation Policies For a Knowledge Economy. Experiences From Finland, Sweden & Singapore.

Technical progress is at the heart of economic growth and development. New or improved technology can be achieved through own research and innovations or through the absorption and adaptation of foreign technologies. To facilitate such technical progress requires a complex system of supporting institutions and good economic policies. This paper analyzes technical progress and innovation policies in three small open economies: Finland, Sweden and Singapore. All three economies have transformed from depending on raw material intensive or labor-intensive production to highly competitive economies with a relatively high degree of technological knowledge. We find some common determinants to the transformation, such as large investments in physical and human capital and the importance of political or economic crises in forcing through good economic policies, but there are also many country specific aspects that have been crucial in the different countries.Economic Growth; Innovation; Economic Policies; Technology

Innovation Activity in Finnish Industries - A New Pattern

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Learning from Asia’s Success Beyond Simplistic ‘Lesson-Making’

Many international organizations, governments and academics concerned with economic development look to Asia’s success, recommending that other poor countries follow similar models and paths of development. This study argues that such Asian ‘lesson-making’ is a grave mistake in policy-thinking—and in the historical understanding of the nature and process of development. In identifying what we can and cannot learn from the Asian experience, this study examines the various paths of successful growth in East and South East Asia and asks: what can other developing countries learn from Asia’s success, if anything? The study also examines the arguments of some of the great development thinkers of the past to ascertain what can be learned. Because technological and market circumstances facing today’s developing nations have changed it is a mistake to base any strategy on the achievements of past …Asia, innovation, lessons, economic development

Possibilities for a Small Country in High Technology Production - The Electronics Industry in Finland

The paper describes the development of the Finnish electronics industry as well as its innovation activities and innovation management. It also clearly points out the special problems of a small country competing in the field of high technology. One of the essential conclusions is that it is extremely important to ensure good contacts between final users and producers, when a specialized product is going to be developed. This has been one of the success factors of the Finnish industrial electronics sector. This is also important conclusion with regard to the capabilities of different countries to produce CIM-technologies

Industrial Growth and Development in Northern Finland: The Case of Oulu 1970 – 2002

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The changing face of innovation policy: implications for the Northern Ireland economy

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AGGLOMERATION AND GROWTH: A STUDY OF THE CAMBRIDGE HI-TECH CLUSTER

This chapter is an empirical study of the growth and change in the Cambridge high technology cluster. Cambridge shows the paradoxical co- existence of vastly smaller scale outcomes but many qualitative similarities to Silicon Valley. Our main questions from the empirical enquiry in this chapter are broad: First, how has the Cambridge hi- technology cluster changed and grown overtime? Secondly, we are interested in what sorts of microeconomic factors explain these bigger changes. With an understanding of these two questions we draw some implications of the Cambridge story for our understanding of what kinds of agglomeration economies and externalities were important to the growth of the Cambridge cluster. The failure of Cambridge to globalise to the same degree as Silicon Valley, we argue, accounts for the dissimilarities in the two experiencesclustering and growth, cambridge hi-technology