INCORPORATING LOCAL WISDOM INTO ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING (ELT)

Since language (e.g.local languages)is an important part of a culture, it should be maintained and revitalized. When the language undergoes attrition because of global culture, many aspects in culture will also be extinct. As it is not possible to “fight against” the global culture, it would be wise to maintain the local languages by juxtaposing the local languages, Indonesian, and English. This paper is intended to offer an alternative of maintaining local languages or cultures by incorporating local wisdom into English Language Teaching(ELT)In practice, it can be a kind of multilingual teaching by juxtaposing local language(s)Indonesian, and English in school or college. The implication is the students, by being multilingual, will be able to develop multiculturalism, thus, developing also high tolerance among the existing ethnics. Local wisdom can be found in many aspects of culture, e.g. dress, food, architecture, narrative, traditional songs etc. In order to be interesting, the use of Information Technology is crucial; English teachers may collect and select authentic materials from internet, if available, and they can be presented in LCD in the classroom

Building Middle-earth: an Exploration into the uses of Architecture in the works of J. R. R. Tolkien

Many aspects of Tolkien\u27s Middle-earth have been the attention of scholarly interest since the boom of \u27Tolkien studies\u27 but an area that seems to be lacking in criticism, but is certainly full of detail and character in Tolkien\u27s books, is architecture. This essay explores how important the creation of buildings and living spaces in Middle-earth is to the underlying messages of the tale and how the architecture of Middle-earth impacts the reader\u27s journey. This essay starts as we the reader does - in a hole - and explores the way that architecture is used to help explain hobbits, show their character and the growing map of the Shire. Architecture is also shown to be a technique used by Tolkien as a way of reorienting the reader between the real and the imaginary. Architecture is then used as a comparative point between the men of Rohan and those of Gondor, showing their cultural preoccupations and the significances of these. Finally, this essay wanders through the unusual architecture of the elves, specifically in Lothlorien, demonstrating that despite West Minster Abbey\u27s impressive design, it is the home of Lady Galadriel which is the truest embodiment of Gothic principles, and why this relationship between elves and trees holds a particular significance for Tolkien

Evaluating and improving firewalls for ip-telephony environments

Firewalls are a well established security mechanism for providing access control and auditing at the borders between different administrative network domains. Their basic architecture, techniques and operation modes did not change fundamentally during the last years. On the other side new challenges emerge rapidly when new innovative application domains have to be supported. IP-Telephony applications are considered to have a huge economic potential in the near future. For their widespread acceptance and thereby their economic success they must cope with established security policies. Existing firewalls face immense problems here, if they - as it still happens quite often - try to handle the new challenges in a way they did with "traditional applications". As we will show in this paper, IP-Telephony applications differ from those in many aspects, which makes such an approach quite inadequate. After identifying and characterizing the problems we therefore describe and evaluate a more appropriate approach. The feasibility of our architecture will be shown. It forms the basis of a prototype implementation, that we are currently working on

Journal Staff

Developed from a desire to explore alternative ways of addressing aspects of architecture, the project After the Architects tells the story of the KTH School of Architecture building through the eyes of me - one of its many users. The project consists of a film, an exhibition and a hand book with mental excercises. Investigating the tools we have at hands as architects in the context of storytelling as a mean of communication, I wanted to dissect the many layers of interpretation and experiences a building consists of. It is often said that the core of a building is what it does and how it does this. Since buildings, rooms and spaces are experienced differently by everyone, I think the active use of subjectivity is the best way of approaching this theme. The KTH School of Architecture building has been my second home for five years. It has hosted architecture education since 1970, but after the summer of 2015, it is entering a new phase as the school is moving to a new building. Therefore, as a student leaving the building, I’m using my subjectivity as a tool for investigating the relationship between the course of time, the school building, and myself.  Which effects and stories has it staged over the years and how has the building affected me, on an intellectual-, as well as on a personal level? Some of the themes I’ve been working with are; the aspects of time, memories and nostalgia, the different roles of a building, spaces as references, and the interplay between perspective, interpretation and meaning.Sprunget ur en önskan att undersöka alternativa sätt att diskutera arkitektoniska aspekter skildrar projektet After the Architects historien om KTH arkitekturskolans byggnad sett genom mina ögon i egenskap av en av dess många användare. Projektet består av en film, en utställning och en handbok med tankeövningar. Genom att använda mig av formen av historieberättande vill jag belysa den mängd av lager av tolkningar och upplevelser som en byggnad skapar förutsättningar för. Det sägs att kärnan i vad en byggnad är består av det den gör och hur den gör detta. Eftersom vi upplever byggnader, rum och platser på olika sätt anser jag att en aktiv användning av det subjektiva perspektivet är det bästa sättet att ta sig an detta ämne. KTHs Arkitekturskola har varit mitt andra hem de senaste fem åren. Sedan 1970 har det inrymt arkitekturutbildningen i Stockholm, men efter vårterminen 2015 går byggnaden in i en ny fas, då skolverksamheten flyttar till en ny byggnad. I egenskap av en student som lämnar byggnaden använder jag mig av min subjektivitet som ett analysverktyg för att undersöka relationen mellan tidens gång, byggnaden och mig själv. Vilka upplevelser och historier har den iscensatt genom åren och hur har byggnaden påverkat mig; både på ett intellektuellt- och på ett känslomässigt plan? Några av de teman jag arbetat med är: tiden & byggnaden, minnen & nostalgi, byggnadens olika roller, platser som referenser, och sambandet mellan perspektiv, tolkning och meningsskapande

Quantifying loopy network architectures

Biology presents many examples of planar distribution and structural networks having dense sets of closed loops. An archetype of this form of network organization is the vasculature of dicotyledonous leaves, which showcases a hierarchically-nested architecture containing closed loops at many different levels. Although a number of methods have been proposed to measure aspects of the structure of such networks, a robust metric to quantify their hierarchical organization is still lacking. We present an algorithmic framework, the hierarchical loop decomposition, that allows mapping loopy networks to binary trees, preserving in the connectivity of the trees the architecture of the original graph. We apply this framework to investigate computer generated graphs, such as artificial models and optimal distribution networks, as well as natural graphs extracted from digitized images of dicotyledonous leaves and vasculature of rat cerebral neocortex. We calculate various metrics based on the Asymmetry, the cumulative size distribution and the Strahler bifurcation ratios of the corresponding trees and discuss the relationship of these quantities to the architectural organization of the original graphs. This algorithmic framework decouples the geometric information (exact location of edges and nodes) from the metric topology (connectivity and edge weight) and it ultimately allows us to perform a quantitative statistical comparison between predictions of theoretical models and naturally occurring loopy graphs.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures. During preparation of this manuscript the authors became aware of the work of Mileyko at al., concurrently submitted for publicatio

Software defined networking: meeting carrier grade requirements

Software Defined Networking is a networking paradigm which allows network operators to manage networking elements using software running on an external server. This is accomplished by a split in the architecture between the forwarding element and the control element. Two technologies which allow this split for packet networks are ForCES and Openflow. We present energy efficiency and resilience aspects of carrier grade networks which can be met by Openflow. We implement flow restoration and run extensive experiments in an emulated carrier grade network. We show that Openflow can restore traffic quite fast, but its dependency on a centralized controller means that it will be hard to achieve 50 ms restoration in large networks serving many flows. In order to achieve 50 ms recovery, protection will be required in carrier grade networks

The process of design thesis in landscape architecture

Landscape Architecture is the intertwining aspects of natural sciences, arts, economics, and culture. It is a profession that helps design a ‘place’ that connects land and human, which has many applications, from a small scale design project to a more significant and large scale urban design as well as regional planning projects. Landscape Architect is indeed the person who designs outdoor environments. The Process of Design Thesis for Landscape Architecture takes an overview of what are the requirements for the final Design Thesis projects taken up especially in the International Islamic University Malaysia, particularly under the Department of Landscape Architecture