4,261 research outputs found

    Diseño para operabilidad: Una revisión de enfoques y estrategias de solución

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    In the last decades the chemical engineering scientific research community has largely addressed the design-foroperability problem. Such an interest responds to the fact that the operability quality of a process is determined by design, becoming evident the convenience of considering operability issues in early design stages rather than later when the impact of modifications is less effective and more expensive. The necessity of integrating design and operability is dictated by the increasing complexity of the processes as result of progressively stringent economic, quality, safety and environmental constraints. Although the design-for-operability problem concerns to practically every technical discipline, it has achieved a particular identity within the chemical engineering field due to the economic magnitude of the involved processes. The work on design and analysis for operability in chemical engineering is really vast and a complete review in terms of papers is beyond the scope of this contribution. Instead, two major approaches will be addressed and those papers that in our belief had the most significance to the development of the field will be described in some detail.En las últimas décadas, la comunidad científica de ingeniería química ha abordado intensamente el problema de diseño-para-operabilidad. Tal interés responde al hecho de que la calidad operativa de un proceso esta determinada por diseño, resultando evidente la conveniencia de considerar aspectos operativos en las etapas tempranas del diseño y no luego, cuando el impacto de las modificaciones es menos efectivo y más costoso. La necesidad de integrar diseño y operabilidad esta dictada por la creciente complejidad de los procesos como resultado de las cada vez mayores restricciones económicas, de calidad de seguridad y medioambientales. Aunque el problema de diseño para operabilidad concierne a prácticamente toda disciplina, ha adquirido una identidad particular dentro de la ingeniería química debido a la magnitud económica de los procesos involucrados. El trabajo sobre diseño y análisis para operabilidad es realmente vasto y una revisión completa en términos de artículos supera los alcances de este trabajo. En su lugar, se discutirán los dos enfoques principales y aquellos artículos que en nuestra opinión han tenido mayor impacto para el desarrollo de la disciplina serán descriptos con cierto detalle.Fil: Blanco, Anibal Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Bandoni, Jose Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentin

    Analysis of hybrid separation schemes for levulinic acid separation by process intensification and assessment of thermophysical properties impact

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    From the time levulinic acid was listed as one of the top-12 building blocks for the sugars-high value compounds conversion, the interest in this compound increased. As part of its possible production route, the definition of viable separation schemes appears of paramount importance in the overall development of levulinic acid exploitation. Hybrid sequences where liquid-liquid extraction is followed by distillation were considered proving how the direct and direct-indirect separation schemes appeared to be the best alternatives in terms of total annual cost and environmental impact. These alternatives were further analyzed to improve their design by complementing the process simulator database with thermophysical experimental values. After obtaining a reliable design for the hybrid direct and direct-indirect configurations used as benchmarks, two intensified al-ternatives were generated. The first intensified configuration is classified as thermodynamically equivalent sequence, while the second one includes a divided wall column. For both, it was achieved a reduction of the total annual cost of 11% without any penalty for the environmental impact compared to the reference case

    Design of Heat Integrated Low Temperature Distillation Systems

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    Process Integration:Core processes and utility systems

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    Retrofitting direct sequence distillation columns using driving force method

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    Distillation is the primary separation process widely used in chemical processing. In retrofitting, distillation column problem can occur when it requires additional and major unit operations. Therefore, this research has been carried out in order to achieve a minimum or zero modification of unit operation and design the optimal column sequence with less energy consumption. The large energy requirement of these processes can be greatly reduced by changing the sequence of the existing direct distillation columns by using the driving force method. The objective of this research is to develop a methodology to find the best sequence that can save energy and has better economic performance which consists of four hierarchical stages. In the first stage, the design of existing direct sequence was simulated and the energy used is analysed by using a shortcut method for distillation column in Aspen HYSYS. Then, the optimum sequence was determined by using the driving force method in the second stage. In the third stage, the optimal sequence was simulated and the energy used was analysed using a shortcut method of distillation column in Aspen HYSYS. Finally, the energy requirements from both sequences were compared and the economic performance was evaluated and calculated. A maximum energy saving of natural gas liquids fractionation of 21.2% was obtained with the Return of Investment (ROI) of 6 with 2 months of payback period. The results for hydrocarbon mixture show achievement of maximum energy saving of 39.53% and the ROI of 3 was obtained with 4 months of payback period. All of this findings show that the methodology is able to retrofit the existing direct sequence of distillation columns with minimum energy distillation column sequence in an easy, practical and systematic manner

    Processes integration: Multiplant complex vs multipurpose plant assessment

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    This paper presents a tool for the generation and evaluation of different alternatives of product production. The importance of this approach lies in the integration of synthesis, design, operation, and scheduling decisions. When simultaneously approached, these decisions allow consideration of the relationships and effects between critical elements of the problem that are usually analyzed sequentially. Two different scenarios are modeled in order to evaluate and select which production process is convenient to develop: multipurpose plant and multiplant complex with single-product batch plants. The methodology is illustrated by an industrially motivated case study involving the production of three products: torula yeast, bakery yeast, and brandy. According to different production conditions, both scenarios are solved, and the analysis and conclusions with regards to the most favorable production scheme are reported.Fil: Corsano, Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Montagna, Jorge Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Iribarren, Oscar Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre, Pio Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; Argentin

    Equation-oriented Optimization of Cryogenic Systems for Coal Oxycombustion Power Generation

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    AbstractEfficient separation systems are essential to the development of economical CO2 capture system for fossil flue power plants. Air Separation Units (ASU) and CO2 Processing Units (CPU) are considering the best commercially available technologies for the O2/N2 and CO2/N2, O2, Ar separations in coal oxycombustion processes. Both of these systems operate at cryogenic temperatures and include self-integrated refrigeration cycles, making their design challenging. Several researchers have applied sensitivity tools available in the commercial flow sheet simulators to study and improve ASU and CPU systems for oxy-fired coal power plants. These studies are limited, however, as they neglect important interactions between design variables.In this paper, we apply an advanced equation-based flowsheet optimization framework to design these cryogenic separations systems. The key advantage of this approach is the ability to use state-of-the-art nonlinear optimization solvers that are capable of considering 100,000+ variables and constraints. This allows for multi-variable optimization of these cryogenic separations systems and their accompanying multi-stream heat exchangers. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated in two case studies. The optimized ASU designs requires 0.196 kWh/kg of O2, which are similar to a “low energy” design from American Air Liquide and outperforms other academic studies. Similarly, the optimized CPU requires 18% less specific separation energy than an academic reference case. Pareto (sensitivity) curves for the ASU and CPU systems are also presented. Finally, plans to apply the framework to simultaneously optimize an entire oxycombustion process are discussed

    Computer support for conceptual process design

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