1,169 research outputs found
Joint Laver diamonds and grounded forcing axioms
I explore two separate topics: the concept of jointness for set-theoretic
guessing principles, and the notion of grounded forcing axioms. A family of
guessing sequences is said to be joint if all of its members can guess any
given family of targets independently and simultaneously. I primarily
investigate jointness in the case of various kinds of Laver diamonds. In the
case of measurable cardinals I show that, while the assertions that there are
joint families of Laver diamonds of a given length get strictly stronger with
increasing length, they are all equiconsistent. This is contrasted with the
case of partially strong cardinals, where we can derive additional consistency
strength, and ordinary diamond sequences, where large joint families exist
whenever even one diamond sequence does. Grounded forcing axioms modify the
usual forcing axioms by restricting the posets considered to a suitable ground
model. I focus on the grounded Martin's axiom which states that Martin's axioms
holds for posets coming from some ccc ground model. I examine the new axiom's
effects on the cardinal characteristics of the continuum and show that it is
quite a bit more robust under mild forcing than Martin's axiom itself.Comment: This is my PhD dissertatio
Joint Laver Diamonds and Grounded Forcing Axioms
In chapter 1 a notion of independence for diamonds and Laver diamonds is investigated. A sequence of Laver diamonds for Îș is joint if for any sequence of targets there is a single elementary embedding j with critical point Îș such that each Laver diamond guesses its respective target via j. In the case of measurable cardinals (with similar results holding for (partially) supercompact cardinals) I show that a single Laver diamond for Îș yields a joint sequence of length Îș, and I give strict separation results for all larger lengths of joint sequences. Even though the principles get strictly stronger in terms of direct implication, I show that they are all equiconsistent. This is contrasted with the case of Ξ-strong cardinals where, for certain Ξ, the existence of even the shortest joint Laver sequences carries nontrivial consistency strength. I also formulate a notion of jointness for ordinary âÎș-sequences on any regular cardinal Îș. The main result concerning these shows that there is no separation according to length and a single âÎș-sequence yields joint families of all possible lengths. In chapter 2 the notion of a grounded forcing axiom is introduced and explored in the case of Martin\u27s axiom. This grounded Martin\u27s axiom, a weakening of the usual axiom, states that the universe is a ccc forcing extension of some inner model and the restriction of Martin\u27s axiom to the posets coming from that ground model holds. I place the new axiom in the hierarchy of fragments of Martin\u27s axiom and examine its effects on the cardinal characteristics of the continuum. I also show that the grounded version is quite a bit more robust under mild forcing than Martin\u27s axiom itself
SOCIETY, SCIENCE, AND ECONOMICS: THE DELICATE BALANCE BETWEEN IDEOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY AND THE CONCEPT OF FAIRNESS
Ideological Dominance and Epistemological Relevance; Modelling and Theory Formulation; Instrumentalism; Free Market and Regulated Market; Theory of Imperfect Competition, Fairness, Consensual Correctness, Representational Correctness.
Auslegung: A journal of philosophy, volume 15, number 1 (winter, 1988) book review
Review of Frank Schalow's "Imagination and Existence, Heidegger's Retrieval of the Kantian Ethic
13.2 Vortext
Helen Lovekin, Spencer Selby, Philippe Sollers, Carla Bertola, Opal Nations, Norman Lock, Fausto Bedoya, John Donlan, Andrea Nicki, Frank Davey, Michael Basinski, Paul Dutton, Richard Kostelanetz, Fernando Aguiar, Reed Altemus, Vittore Baroni, Carla Bertola, Christian Burgaud, Harold E. Adler, Johnnyboy Productions, Carol Stetser, Gerry Shikatani, Kenneth Doren, Gary Barwin, Monty Cantsin, W.M. Sutherland, Vintage interview with bill bissett, and an Essay on bp Nichol by Paul Dutton.
Cover Art: Nicholas Jirgens
Toward an Organizational Theory of Membership Structural Design
Various events have led to the development of highly complex cooperative operations and to concepts for understanding operations. However. development of membership structures and concepts for understanding these structures has lagged. This paper imports organizational design and contingency theory into the member control literature. Membership structure is understood as organization-like, producing a service (Le., member control). Member control structure is understood as having three aspects (representation, policy making, and oversight) and two environments (the members themselves, and management and operations). Building from cooperative principles and following the development of cooperatives from simple to complex organizations, this paper develops a series of axiomatic propositions for understanding and designing membership structure. Only some of the propositions are testable, and still others are meant only to give continuity and relevance to the propositions as a group (as a theory). Such work should help develop a language for understanding and furthering discussion and research of membership structure and member control in agricultural cooperatives.Agribusiness,
On The Frontline of Literacy: Risk and Reward as the Battle Rages on
This paper advocates for assignments that are âhigh riskâ in order to promote a less than predictable classroom environment. This paper attempts to create a space specific to first-year teachers of Freshman Composition and specifically for first-year teachers of Freshman Composition. Sample assignments are couched inside of a personal narrative of failure, as first first-year teachers of Freshman Composition are encouraged to explore the relationship between risk and reward, between pedagogical approach and classroom practice
THE âPURE SCIENCEâ APPROACH TO ECONOMICS AND MONETARY POLICY
Perceptions of money do influence monetary policy, and monetary policy does have an impact on the functioning of the economy. For instance, a high interest rate policy usually entails high levels of bankruptcies and unemployment. Also, given a loss of confidence in the issuing authority (monetary dislocation), paper money can and does fail in all its functions as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of nominal value. In a money economy in which nominal money is the medium of exchange, nominal money prices reflect the underlying exchange ratios of the various commodities that are produced and exchanged for nominal money. In the absence of monetary dislocation (monetary revaluation or devaluation), any change in the nominal price of a commodity reflects a change in its purchasing power (a change in its exchange ratio vis-a-vis other commodities). Monetary policy prescriptions, which ignore this reality, result in significant displacement costs to members of society. A âpure scienceâ approach to economic research engenders policy prescriptions based upon assumptions of the economic system which are not aligned with the empirical reality. Hence, to avoid severe social costs, the âpure scienceâ approach to economics needs to be modified to deal with social reality.monetary policy decisions; economic policy; federal funds target range; purchasing power uncertainty; interest rate targeting; reserves targeting; instruments for the prediction of observable phenomena.
NATOâs Institutional Adaptation and Post-strategic Security in Europe, 1990-97: Political Challenges and Theoretical Considerations
Die politischen ebenso wie die politologischen Debatten ĂŒber die Zukunft der NATO begannen schon bald, sich vornehmlich um die BĂŒndniserweiterung und um den gemeinsamen Ausgriff im robusten Konfliktmanagement zu drehen. Diese wichtigen Dimensionen der Zukunft der Allianz und ihrer Rolle bei der Friedenssicherung in und fĂŒr Europa dĂŒrfen aber eine andere, ebenfalls grundlegende Dimension nicht ĂŒbersehen lassen: die politischen Beziehungen innerhalb der Allianz und die Selbstpositionierung der Allianz gegenĂŒber anderen internationalen \u27Sicherheitsinstitutionen\u27. Dieser Aspekt ist nach dem Madrider Gipfel vom Juli 1997, auf dem die dann im MĂ€rz 1999 erfolgte Erweiterungsrunde beschlossen wurde, zu sehr in den Hintergrund geraten. Doch er ist entscheidend fĂŒr die politische Zukunft und fĂŒr die kollektive HandlungsfĂ€higkeit einer erweiterten und um neue Funktionen ergĂ€nzten NATO.
Die folgende Untersuchung betrachtet deshalb die erste Welle der Anpassung der NATO an die Bedingungen und Herausforderungen post-strategischer Sicherheit und Sicherheitspolitik: die interne Anpassung der Allianz zwischen 1990 und 1997. Dabei verbindet die Arbeit politisch-praxeologische mit theoretisch-methodischen Fragestellungen (was ist ein geeigneter Bezugsrahmen fĂŒr die Untersuchung der NATO mit ihrem Wandel zu einer genuinen \u27Sicherheitsinstitution\u27 mit dem Trend zu einem eigenen, von dem ihrer Mitgliedstaaten in wichtigen StĂŒcken unterscheidbaren politischen Willen und einer eigenen politischen IdentitĂ€t?). Eine Empfehlung fĂŒr die erweiterte Allianz ist, im Rahmen der neuen sog. Artikel-4-Operationen keine allzu breitgefĂ€cherten politischen Verantwortlichkeiten und wertpolitischen Verpflichtungen im Bereich der Friedenssicherung zu ĂŒbernehmen oder allianzpolitisch nur noch sicherheitsgemeinschaftliche IdentitĂ€tsbildung zu betreiben, sondern sich auf bestimmte und klar umrissene Funktionen in der post-strategischen Sicherheitspolitik in und fĂŒr Europa zu konzentrieren.
Wenngleich zu erwarten steht, daĂ komplexes Konfliktmanagement in den nĂ€chsten Jahren die operative Hauptaufgabe der NATO sein wird, ist es ihr nĂ€mlich nicht anzuraten, sich zu weit von ihrem harten Funktionskern zu entfernen oder sich ĂŒbermĂ€Ăig zu \u27politisieren\u27 und allzusehr als Agentur politischen Krisenmanagements aufzutreten. Eine Ăberpolitisierung könnte die Funktionen und den Charakter ihrer militĂ€rischen Organisationsstruktur aufweichen und dadurch auf die Dauer bei den Mitgliedern, gerade auch den neuen, das Interesse an Integration und die Bereitschaft zu einem realistischen Verteidigungsbeitrag und zu Selbstverpflichtung gegenĂŒber der Allianz schwĂ€chen. Gleiches stĂŒnde zu erwarten, wenn die NATO sich mehr und mehr vorrangig als Wertegemeinschaft und Integrationsordnung beschreiben wĂŒrde.
DemgegenĂŒber liegt eine grundlegende politische Herausforderung fĂŒr die Allianz und ihre alten wie neuen Mitgliedstaaten darin, die paradoxen Folgen ihres Erfolgs zu bewĂ€ltigen. FĂŒr nahezu ein halbes Jahrhundert hat sich die NATO als transatlantischer und darĂŒber hinaus weltpolitischer StabilitĂ€tsanker gegenĂŒber der Bedrohung durch den Warschauer Pakt erwiesen. Dies auch deshalb, weil es immer wieder gelungen ist, transatlantische Beziehungskrisen gemeinsam zu meistern und Kompromisse zu finden, die BĂŒndniskonflikte beilegten und zugleich Richtungen fĂŒr die Weiterentwicklung und den Wandel der Allianz vorzeichneten. Dies hatte auch Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklung der europĂ€ischen Regionalordnung insgesamt und die Vertiefung der westeuropĂ€ischen Integration. Diese FĂ€higkeit zu integrativer Konfliktregelung und zu gemeinsamen Richtungsentscheidungen, die zugleich auch Richtungsentscheidungen ĂŒber die politische HandlungsfĂ€higkeit eines sich weiter integrierenden Europas sind, gerade auch unter den verĂ€nderten Bedingungen aufrechtzuerhalten und zusammen mit den neuen Mitgliedern fortzuentwickeln (und in diesem Sinn durchaus eine handlungsfĂ€hige Wertegemeinschaft zu bilden), ist der Test fĂŒr die Stellung der NATO in der Ăra post-strategischer Sicherheitspolitik und im entstehenden Gesamteuropa
Social democracy, embeddedness and decommodification: On the conceptual innovations and intellectual affiliations of Karl Polanyi
Of the several debates that revolve around the work of the economic historian and political economist Karl Polanyi, one that continues to exercise minds concerns his analysis of, and political attitudes toward, post-war capitalism and the welfare state. Simplified a little, it is a debate with two sides. To borrow IvĂĄn SzelĂ©nyi's terms, one side constructs a âhardâ Karl Polanyi, the other a âsoftâ one. The former advocated a socialist mixed economy dominated by redistributive mechanisms. He was a radical socialist for whom the market should never be the dominant mechanism of economic coordination. His âsoftâ alter ego insisted that the market system remain essentially intact but be complemented by redistributive mechanisms. The âdouble movementâ â the central thesis of his âGreat Transformationâ â acts, in this reading, as a self-correcting mechanism that moderates the excesses of market fundamentalism; its author was positioned within the social-democratic mainstream for which the only realistic desirable goal is a regulated form of capitalism. In terms of textual evidence there is much to be said for both interpretations. In this article I suggest a different approach, one that focuses upon the meaning of Polanyi's concepts in relation to their socio-political and intellectual environment
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