Lignicolous fungi on Pedunculate oak in lowland forests of Central Croatia

Background and Purpose: Dead wood is one of the most important factors for biodiversity in forests. Lignicolous fungi are key players; they are responsible for primary decomposition and they play important role in nutrient cycles. Pedunculate oak forests in Croatia are one of the most significant sources of organic material and mineral elements which provide habitat, nutrition or food to a variety of organisms of which some play an important role in its composition and mineralization. The purpose of our study was to reveal the species spectrum of lignicolous fungi on Pedunculate oak in lowland forests of Central Croatia. Materials and Methods: During the three-year research period (2002– 2004), fruit bodies of lignicolous fungi were collected on living standing trees, fallen logs, stumps, timber assortments in the forest and on log yards, and fallen dead branches on Pedunculate oak in Pokupski bazen and Lonjsko polje in Central Croatia. Identification based on upon their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, using standard binocular and light microscope. Results and Conclusions: A total of 72 species of lignicolous fungi on Pedunculate oak in lowland forests of Central Croatia were identified during the research. One species from Croatian Red list of fungi was identified: Hapalopilus croceus. A certain number of species found during this research can be considered as harmful lignicolous fungi in managed Pedunculate oak forests attacking standing trees, causing heartrot at the stem, stem base or root. Because of geographical diversity, Croatian forests have high biodiversitiy potential for lignicolous fungi

Seasons Winter/Spring 2019 Volume 48 Number 1

Winter-Flowering Shrubs A Fallen Monarch : The Bender Oak The Architect of the Swan Pond Love Temple Revealed Botany for Beginners - Part II (Conifers) A Royal Exchange (Staff Exchange Program) Nature Playhttps://repository.upenn.edu/morrisarboretum_seasons/1001/thumbnail.jp

Lignicolous fungi on Pedunculate oak in lowland forests of Central Croatia

Background and Purpose: Dead wood is one of the most important factors for biodiversity in forests. Lignicolous fungi are key players; they are responsible for primary decomposition and they play important role in nutrient cycles. Pedunculate oak forests in Croatia are one of the most significant sources of organic material and mineral elements which provide habitat, nutrition or food to a variety of organisms of which some play an important role in its composition and mineralization. The purpose of our study was to reveal the species spectrum of lignicolous fungi on Pedunculate oak in lowland forests of Central Croatia. Materials and Methods: During the three-year research period (2002– 2004), fruit bodies of lignicolous fungi were collected on living standing trees, fallen logs, stumps, timber assortments in the forest and on log yards, and fallen dead branches on Pedunculate oak in Pokupski bazen and Lonjsko polje in Central Croatia. Identification based on upon their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, using standard binocular and light microscope. Results and Conclusions: A total of 72 species of lignicolous fungi on Pedunculate oak in lowland forests of Central Croatia were identified during the research. One species from Croatian Red list of fungi was identified: Hapalopilus croceus. A certain number of species found during this research can be considered as harmful lignicolous fungi in managed Pedunculate oak forests attacking standing trees, causing heartrot at the stem, stem base or root. Because of geographical diversity, Croatian forests have high biodiversitiy potential for lignicolous fungi

The Age and Density of Ancient and Modern Oak Wood in Streams and Sediments

Large wood of oak trees (Quercus spp.) has resided in the streams and sediments of north Missouri, USA for many thousands of years. This wood affords the opportunity to compare a chronosequence of differences in wood density over a very long period. We analyzed the relationship between the age (residence time) and density of heartwood from oak boles using tree-ring and 14C dating methods and discuss their implications. The residence time of large oak wood (> 25 cm diameter) sampled in the streams and sediments ranged from less than 14 years to more than 12,320 years. The oak wood ranged in density from 0.82 g cm-3 for a tree that had recently fallen into the stream to 0.14 g cm-3 for ancient oak wood. Two regression equations relate age (residence time) and density of oak wood and explain 88 percent of the variance in the dependent variables. Equation 1, heartwood density = age, can be used for studies in carbon cycling, wood as invertebrate habitat, or other questions related to the density and ecology of wood in streams such as wood retention and export. Equation 2, age = heartwood density, can be used for estimating when oak wood was formed on a very coarse scale over many thousands of years

An Annotated Checklist of Wisconsin Handsome Fungus Beetles (Coleoptera: Endomychidae)

The first comprehensive survey of Wisconsin Endomychidae was initiated in 1998. Throughout Wisconsin sampling sites were selected based on habitat type and sampling history. Wisconsin endomychids were hand collected from fungi and under tree bark; successful trapping methods included cantharidinbaited pitfall traps, flight intercept traps, and Lindgren funnel traps. Examination of literature records, museum and private collections, and field research yielded 10 species, three of which are new state records. Two dubious records, Epipocus unicolor Horn and Stenotarsus hispidus (Herbst), could not be confirmed. Wisconsin distribution, along with relevant collecting techniques and natural history information, are summarized

An annotated checklist of Wisconsin sap and short-winged flower beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Kateretidae)

A survey of Wisconsin Nitidulidae and Kateretidae yielded 78 species through analysis of literature records, museum and private collections, and three years of field research (2000-2002). Twenty-seven species (35% of the Wisconsin fauna) represent new state records, having never been previously recorded from the state. Wisconsin distribution, along with relevant collecting techniques and natural history information, are summarized. The Wisconsin nitidulid and kateretid faunae are compared to reconstructed and updated faunal lists for Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and south-central Canada. Literature and distributional records suggest at least 11 additional nitidulid species may occur in Wisconsin

Observations on the Biology of the Oak Twig Pruner, \u3ci\u3eElaphidionoides Parallelus,\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Michigan

(excerpt) The oak twig pruner, Elaphidionoides parallelus (Newman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is rather common in southern Michigan where it attacks living oaks and other hardwoods. The damage it inflicts is rarely serious, but it may be considered a pest insect if only for the nuisance it creates for those who must clean up the often numerous small branches pruned from street, lawn, and park trees

Composition and Structure of Two Old-growth Forest Ecosystem Types of Southeastern Ohio

Author Institution: School of Natural Resources, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State UniversityLess than 1% of the pre-European settlement forest in Ohio currently remains, mostly as small and scattered woodlots. Consequently, few studies have been undertaken to quantify the composition and structure of Ohio’s old-growth forests using a landscape ecosystem perspective. We used an existing multifactor ecosystem classification system developed for the Wayne National Forest in southeastern Ohio to compare the composition and structure of two old-growth forest ecosystem types, located on contrasting north-facing and south-facing middle slopes. No differences in physiography were observed among the stands other than aspect; however, the north-facing old-growth ecosystem type had a greater A horizon thickness and a higher pH than the south-facing old-growth ecosystem type. Mixed-oaks dominate the south-facing ecosystem type, while sugar maple, American beech and northern red oak dominate the north-facing ecosystem type. No differences were detected in stand structural components. Similar trends were observed for the ground-flora layer; specifically, we observed differences in groundflora composition between the two ecosystem types but no differences in total percent cover or species richness. Finally, the composition and structure of coarse woody debris differed between the contrasting ecosystem types. Maple and oak snags and fallen logs dominate the north-facing ecosystem while oak standing snags and fallen stems are typically observed in the south-facing ecosystem. Few differences between the two ecosystem types were detected in coarse woody debris structure, except that snag density tends to be higher in the south-facing old-growth ecosystem and log density and volume tends to be higher in the north-facing ecosystem (P <0.10). Through the use of this ecosystem approach, we can begin to quantify the ecological factors regulating the composition and structure of old-growth communities, improving our ability to effectively manage and restore these rare ecosystems