Dynamical systems approach to G2 cosmology

In this paper we present a new approach for studying the dynamics of spatially inhomogeneous cosmological models with one spatial degree of freedom. By introducing suitable scale-invariant dependent variables we write the evolution equations of the Einstein field equations as a system of autonomous partial differential equations in first-order symmetric hyperbolic format, whose explicit form depends on the choice of gauge. As a first application, we show that the asymptotic behaviour near the cosmological initial singularity can be given a simple geometrical description in terms of the local past attractor on the boundary of the scale-invariant dynamical state space. The analysis suggests the name ``asymptotic silence'' to describe the evolution of the gravitational field near the cosmological initial singularity.Comment: 28 pages, 3 tables, 1 *.eps figure, LaTeX2e (10pt), matches version accepted for publication by Classical and Quantum Gravit

Towards understanding the child’s experience in the process of parentification: young adults’ reflections on growing up with a depressed parent

This article reports on a qualitative study with 21 young adults who grew up with a depressed parent. We examined how young adults make sense of their childhood experiences of parental depression and how their retrospective reflections help us to understand the experiences of children and the processes of parentification. Participants recounted that their childhood consisted mainly of actions in the service of family well-being. At that time, they reflected on their own experiences only rarely. In adolescence, there was an evolution toward a greater consideration for oneself and a repositioning within the family. In the discussion, we explore the therapeutic implications of this studyand in particularthe meaningfulness of silence in the family process of parentification

THE ROLE OF LINGUISTIC AND NON-LINGUISTIC FACTORS IN THE EVENTUALIZATION OF GENDER MEANING IN EUPHEMISMS

Each language event affects a specific language level. Euphemism serves to soften harsh words or soften the name of a taboo. Genderology is the direction that explores the relationships of speech, culture, social status, behavior, position, psychological characteristics of human biology, including speech. The speech of men and women has specific features that are ob-served in the phonetic, lexicological and syntactic sections of the language. The article discusses the role and functioning of language levels (phonological, lexical, morphological, syntactic and methodological), and gender euphems can be expressed not only by verbal and kinetic means, but also by certain grammatical forms, vocabulary, text simplicity, even audio. Nevertheless, the results show that we are far from understanding gender evolution as part of a certain level of the language system, but we cannot overcome the language roles and partnerships in their implementation. Undoubtedly, men and women have their own characteristics that affect a particular system. The main aspect of linguistic stereotypes is the difference between male and female speeches, and there is no difference in the use of nonverbal tactics in the expression of these two sexes. At the same time, the euphemic meaning is also expressed through non-zero means, and the most important of these tools is silence. By default, quiet silence in the letter is expressed by ellipsis. Silence plays a key role in the Uzbek culture of communication. Silence is a verbal drive that broadly represents meaning. It is used not only as a euphemism, but also for other purposes of communication. (respect, honor, dignity, etc.). The article concludes that the lexical, morphological and syntactic part of the language plays an important role in the implementation of gender euphemisms in the Uzbek language. Also, gender evolution is a language system. At the same time, in euphemisms, the role of linguistic and insignificant factors in the evolution of sex is determined

Asymptotic silence of generic cosmological singularities

In this letter we investigate the nature of generic cosmological singularities using the framework developed by Uggla et al. We do so by studying the past asymptotic dynamics of general vacuum G2 cosmologies, models that are expected to capture the singular behavior of generic cosmologies with no symmetries at all. In particular, our results indicate that asymptotic silence holds, i.e., that particle horizons along all timelines shrink to zero for generic solutions. Moreover, we provide evidence that spatial derivatives become dynamically insignificant along generic timelines, and that the evolution into the past along such timelines is governed by an asymptotic dynamical system which is associated with an invariant set -- the silent boundary. We also identify an attracting subset on the silent boundary that organizes the oscillatory dynamics of generic timelines in the singular regime. In addition, we discuss the dynamics associated with recurring spike formation.Comment: 4 pages, 5 *.eps figures, RevTeX4; replaced by significantly revised version, to appear in Physical Review Letter

Commentary by Co-Defendant\u27s Counsel on Defendant\u27s Refusal To Testify: A Violation of the Privilege Against Self-Incrimination?

Currently, the circuits are divided on whether comments by co-defendants\u27 counsel on a defendant\u27s silence impair that defendant\u27s fifth amendment rights. Furthermore, among the circuits that regard such commentary as potentially prejudicial, disagreement exists over the proper test for identifying such comments. This Note asserts that the risk of prejudicing a defendant\u27s fifth amendment rights is too great to allow counsel any comment on a defendant\u27s decision to testify or to remain silent. Part I of this Note examines the historical evolution of the privilege against self-incrimination and the policy goals behind the privilege. The Note argues that prohibiting comments on silence by codefendant\u27s counsel is consistent with the fifth amendment\u27s historical purpose and subsequent interpretation. Part II considers the Supreme Court\u27s decision in Griffin v. California and later decisions concerning commentary on courtroom silence and applies analytical models derived from these decisions to the issue of co-defendant\u27s commentary. Finally, Part III examines the circuit courts\u27 attempts to define a standard for identifying comments made by co-defendant\u27s counsel that prejudice a defendant\u27s privileged silence. This Part concludes by demonstrating the insufficiency of the current tests and by advocating a new standard which prohibits all commentary on the act of testifying or on the limitations imposed on some defendants by another defendant\u27s silence

Silence as a Motif in Kamala Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve

With the evolution of feministic discourse, post-colonial female writers began to raise the voice of marginalized. Kamala Markandaya too belongs to this group and she uses ‘silence’ as a motif in her novels. Nectar in a Sieve which is considered a marvellous creation of her also reflects the same spirit. The present paper deals with the minute description of marginalized people’s suffering and struggle due to ‘culture of silence’ in the prevalent patriarchal system of the society specifically in rural India through the family of Rukamani and Nathan. In due course of the novel, it is observed that silence has been imposed forcefully on the people of the lower strata by the powerful in such a way that it became their weakness. It made them helpless and hopeless. They begin to think that they do not have power to bring out the change and completely retired themselves on the hands of God. The conditions of women were too miserable. For them the words of man stood as an authority and they had to follow them silently. Religious and socio-cultural practices moulded their psyche in such a way that they begin to consider ‘silence’ as their virtue and left everything to happen in the name of fate. Sporadic efforts to break this silence prove useless as neither from their own class nor from the higher one supported them in their attempts

Silence : the reasons why people may not communicate

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on August 29, 2012).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Glen CameronIncludes bibliographical references.Vita.Ph. D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2012"May 2012"This is a dissertation about how and why information does not flow in an industrial organization, and has impacts on owners, managers or employees when such issues as production errors, retention, or corporate survival are the result of missed transmission or reception of information. Each instance when information was not sent or received is called silence. The idea of silence will be explored to reveal its theoretical definition and operation within an ecosystem of multi-dimensional factors. This dissertation is a qualitative foundation for future study by finding a full spectrum of relevant factors. Interviews, discussions, observations and artifacts were collected from two newspaper newsrooms in the northwestern United States in 2007 and 2008. These data add to knowledge in at least five important ways: the range of factors related to silence were expanded, narratives recorded historical changes that may help future researchers understand the evolution of newsroom cultures, synthesized several research streams to show how they interacted with silence, may have expanded concepts related to factor dimensionality in general, and may have been the first to apply factor dimensionality to silence research.Includes bibliographical reference

Reviews

Reviews Zoe Keithley. The Peaceable Classroom. (Mary Rose O\u27Reilley, 1993). Gerd Bräuer. Presence of Mind: Writing and the Domain Beyond the Cognitive. (Alice G. Brand and Richard L. Graves, Eds., 1994). Larry Anderson. A History of the Mind: Evolution and the Birth of Consciousness. (Nicholas Humphrey, 1992). Deborah F. Van Hoorn. Writing from the Inner Self. (Elaine Farris Hughes, 1994). Susan Becker. Reclaiming the Tacit Dimension: Symbolic Form in the Rhetoric of Silence. (George Kalamaras, 1994)