Efficient Video Transport over Lossy Networks

Nowadays, packet video is an important application of the Internet. Unfortunately the capacity of the Internet is still very heterogeneous because it connects high bandwidth ATM networks as well as low bandwidth ISDN dial in lines. The MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 video compression standards provide efficient video encoding for high and low bandwidth media streams. In particular they include two paradigms which make those standards suitable for the transmission of video via heterogeneous networks. Both support layered video streams and MPEG-4 additionally allows the independent coding of video objects. In this paper we discuss those two paradigms, give an overview of the MPEG video compression standards and describe transport protocols for Real Time Media transport over lossy networks. Furthermore, we propose a real-time segmentation approach for extracting video objects in teleteaching scenarios

Evaluation of the color image and video processing chain and visual quality management for consumer systems

With the advent of novel digital display technologies, color processing is increasingly becoming a key aspect in consumer video applications. Today’s state-of-the-art displays require sophisticated color and image reproduction techniques in order to achieve larger screen size, higher luminance and higher resolution than ever before. However, from color science perspective, there are clearly opportunities for improvement in the color reproduction capabilities of various emerging and conventional display technologies. This research seeks to identify potential areas for improvement in color processing in a video processing chain. As part of this research, various processes involved in a typical video processing chain in consumer video applications were reviewed. Several published color and contrast enhancement algorithms were evaluated, and a novel algorithm was developed to enhance color and contrast in images and videos in an effective and coordinated manner. Further, a psychophysical technique was developed and implemented for performing visual evaluation of color image and consumer video quality. Based on the performance analysis and visual experiments involving various algorithms, guidelines were proposed for the development of an effective color and contrast enhancement method for images and video applications. It is hoped that the knowledge gained from this research will help build a better understanding of color processing and color quality management methods in consumer video

Object Enhancement, Noise Reduction, Conversion and Collection of Spatiotemporal Image Data

In this report, a variety of cellular dynamics are enhanced and analyzed utilizing various algorithms and filter for contrast enhancement. This report will also illustrate the underlying complexities of processing compressed data received from certain type of sensors, their default applications, various methods in converting compressed data to compatible universal uncompressed formats allowed in scientific applications, various methods of image and video capture, guidelines in ethical image manipulation, various methods of frame extraction, and analyzing/processing video images. These methods and processes purposely utilize freeware and public domain software to lower the cost of reproducibility for all

Joint Demosaicing and Super-Resolution Imaging from a Set of Unregistered Aliased Images

We present a new algorithm that performs demosaicing and super-resolution jointly from a set of raw images sampled with a color filter array. Such a combined approach allows us to compute the alignment parameters between the images on the raw camera data before interpolation artifacts are introduced. After image registration, a high resolution color image is reconstructed at once using the full set of images. For this, we use normalized convolution, an image interpolation method from a nonuniform set of samples. Our algorithm is tested and compared to other approaches in simulations and practical experiments

A receiver-compatible noise reduction system

Also issued as Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1990.Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-113).Supported in part by the National Science Foundation. MIP 87-14969 Supported in part by the Maryland Procurement Office. MDA 904-89-C-3009Matthew M. Bace

Camera functionality in modern mobile terminals : software FIR filter for demosaicing with RISC

Masteroppgave i informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi 2001 - Høgskolen i Agder, GrimstadThis thesis discusses implementation and optimizing of the image pre-processing operation demosaicing on a typical hardware architecture for mobile terminals. Work has shown that the demosaicing operation is equivalent to the mathematical operation of interpolation, and that optimizing potential lies within the implementation of the anti-imaging filter for the interpolator. This filter can be realized as an FIR filter with the filter coefficients obtained from a suitable interpolation function (kernel). Through literature review, nearest neighbor replication, bilinear and cubic convolution kernels were implemented and optimized according to a typical hardware architecture found in mobile terminals. Typical hardware architecture used consisted of ARM710T RISC processor with 8 KB on-chip cache and external SDRAM memory. The work has shown that the cubic convolution interpolation kernel offers the best image quality requiring only moderate computational effort. Though, dependent the application area, and taking the whole camera system into consideration, bilinear interpolation might be better suited as interpolation kernel for the demosaicing operation in the mobile terminal. The bilinear interpolation offers a good trade-off between the visual result and computational effort. The nearest neighbor replication interpolation kernel offers the poorest image quality, but is the most computational efficient of the kernels

Vector quantization for spatiotemporal sub-band coding

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1990.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-115).by Pasquale Romano, Jr.M.S