The organiation of alphabets of nucleic acids and proteins as a structural prototype of human language alphabets

[Abstract] An alphabet analysis of English, Spanish, Russian, and Vietnamese texts, which belong to different language groups, shows that among vowels there is a predominant group of four letters that is equal to the number of nucleotides of NA (nucleic acids) in the biological language alphabets. The quantity of consonants in these texts is equal to (in English and Russian) or near to (in Spanish) 20, which is the number of triplet groups of mRNA and the same number of protein amino acids. As is well known, DNA and RNA nucleotides combine the functions of energy carrier with the functions of information carrier. It was ascertained by a functional analysis of vowels that they perform the same functions. At the same time the consonants carry only information. Therefore consonants are similar not to nucleotides but to triplets of mRNA and to protein amino acid. We believe that the optimal number of letters in the alphabet of biogenetic languages was brought about by bio-evolution through the process of natural selection. The analysis of the alphabets of human languages leads us to believe that this achievement of bio-evolution was realized naturally in the evolution of human languages alphabets as well. It could therefore be concluded that the development of this approach could enlarge the spectrum of linguistic analysis methods of human languages

Computing Happiness from Textual Data

In this paper, we use a corpus of about 100,000 happy moments written by people of different genders, marital statuses, parenthood statuses, and ages to explore the following questions: Are there differences between men and women, married and unmarried individuals, parents and non-parents, and people of different age groups in terms of their causes of happiness and how they express happiness? Can gender, marital status, parenthood status and/or age be predicted from textual data expressing happiness? The first question is tackled in two steps: first, we transform the happy moments into a set of topics, lemmas, part of speech sequences, and dependency relations; then, we use each set as predictors in multi-variable binary and multinomial logistic regressions to rank these predictors in terms of their influence on each outcome variable (gender, marital status, parenthood status and age). For the prediction task, we use character, lexical, grammatical, semantic, and syntactic features in a machine learning document classification approach. The classification algorithms used include logistic regression, gradient boosting, and fastText. Our results show that textual data expressing moments of happiness can be quite beneficial in understanding the “causes of happiness” for different social groups, and that social characteristics like gender, marital status, parenthood status, and, to some extent age, can be successfully predicted form such textual data. This research aims to bring together elements from philosophy and psychology to be examined by computational corpus linguistics methods in a way that promotes the use of Natural Language Processing for the Humanities

Remin jiaoyu - People's education: conflict and change in Chinese education 1950 to 1958

Through the medium of the main educational journal of the decade 'People's Education' or 'Renmin Jiaoyu', this thesis attempts to analyse developments in Chinese education in the 1950s from a Chinese perspective. It is written in the full realisation that educational developments in this period have had a bad press from the limited number of works which have appeared, works which have all to frequently paid scant attention to the views of those most intimately concerned with the system itself, ie the students, teachers and administrators. It is written with the intention of placing the main participants centre stage and relegating, to the wings, those translated sources which hitherto have provided the overwhelming bulk of the information used by research workers. All the key areas of their activity are considered in the text which follows. Quite naturally, the political campaigns and the full time primary, middle and higher systems are examined but their study is not allowed to dominate the work. The nature and extent of the persisting influence of the bourgeois educationalists is assessed and an analysis is made of the only instance of open debate between conflicting educational methodologies which appeared in the magazine ie the controversy over 'all round development' which took place in the mid 1950s. The nature of the Soviet input is set against an assessment of the Chinese response and substantial attention is given both to mass educational provision and to the effectiveness of the legacy of the Old Liberated Areas. Indicative of the central role played by the participants are the sections devoted to the discussion of problems, readers' letters and questions and answers. All these main areas are presented within a structure and in a context ordained by the Chinese themselves. By examining the main objectives of the magazine and in trying to assess the nature of its contributions as prescribed by the authorities, the process of conflict and change is thematically studied

The Echo: March 13, 1981

Lehman is New Taylor President – AAES Plans Observance – Cheating Comes Out In Philosophy Class – Lighthouse – Taylor World Outreach Needs You – 50,000 Students Miss the Boat, Lose $60 Million in College Grants – Parnassus Contest Winners Announced – Donors Contribute Over Half Million – News Roundup – Nazis charged with conspiracy – Hey, I Wanted to Be S.U.B. President! – Computer Graduate Serving with CAP – Chapel Clockwork: Excuse me, it’s ten o’clock… -- Spring Break To Haiti and Dominican Explained – Spring Get-Away Strategies – This Fiddler Didn’t Break His Neck – High Schooler’s Get a Sneak – Letters to the Editor – “Seniors?” – Off the Record – Reflections on Recognition – Wholesale prices up; unemployment down – Federal payroll to be cut$1.3 billion – Reagan goes to Canada ready to ‘listen carefully’ – Walter says he won’t fade away – Mortality Rate Climbs 3 Percent – UN Kicks Out South Africa – Reagan Assails Selfish Interests of Some Groups – Atlanta Child Killer May Not Remember Killing, Expert Says – Space shuttle launch set week of April 6 – Boy to get $3.8 million from Army – Woman survives five days in wilderness – Cloned cancer cells produce normal embryos – Reagan says advisers won’t enter combat – Conservatives Review Leadership – Prison Asked for Dolphin Rescuer – 2 Terror Bombs Hit Bogota – Russians Ask U.S. Trade – Israel Hikes Gas Prices – China Seeks Unified Leadership – Polish Dissident Detained – China Breaks With the Netherlands – Prime Minister Flies to Basque – Western Five Reject Sanctions – Spaniards Protest Coup Attempt – Another young victim found in Atlanta – Judge upholds schools in evolution-creation trial – Propose easing pollution rules – Trojanes Edged at State But Tournament Play Continues – Wrestlers End Season – Dodd Places Seventh in Nation – Challenging Season Awaits Softballers – Womens Intramurals – Baseballers prepare for Spring Trip – Trojan Players Selected to District 21 All-Star Game – Hanover Defeats Tri-State; Represents District 21 in Nationals – Long Selected to All-Americanhttps://pillars.taylor.edu/echo-1980-1981/1015/thumbnail.jp

Everyday life and cultural patterns : international festschrift for Elle Vunder

http://www.ester.ee/record=b1998371*es

Problem space of modern society: philosophical-communicative and pedagogical interpretations. Part I

This collective monograph offers the description of philosophical bases of definition of communicative competence and pedagogical conditions for the formation of communication skills. The authors of individual chapters have chosen such point of view for the topic which they considered as the most important and specific for their field of study using the methods of logical and semantic analysis of concepts, the method of reflection, textual reconstruction and comparative analysis. The theoretical and applied problems of modern society are investigated in the context of philosophical, communicative and pedagogical interpretations