13,273 research outputs found
Performance of convolutional codes on fading channels typical of planetary entry missions
The performance of convolutional codes in fading channels typical of the planetary entry channel is examined in detail. The signal fading is due primarily to turbulent atmospheric scattering of the RF signal transmitted from an entry probe through a planetary atmosphere. Short constraint length convolutional codes are considered in conjunction with binary phase-shift keyed modulation and Viterbi maximum likelihood decoding, and for longer constraint length codes sequential decoding utilizing both the Fano and Zigangirov-Jelinek (ZJ) algorithms are considered. Careful consideration is given to the modeling of the channel in terms of a few meaningful parameters which can be correlated closely with theoretical propagation studies. For short constraint length codes the bit error probability performance was investigated as a function of E sub b/N sub o parameterized by the fading channel parameters. For longer constraint length codes the effect was examined of the fading channel parameters on the computational requirements of both the Fano and ZJ algorithms. The effects of simple block interleaving in combatting the memory of the channel is explored, using the analytic approach or digital computer simulation
Performance Analysis and Enhancement of Multiband OFDM for UWB Communications
In this paper, we analyze the frequency-hopping orthogonal frequency-division
multiplexing (OFDM) system known as Multiband OFDM for high-rate wireless
personal area networks (WPANs) based on ultra-wideband (UWB) transmission.
Besides considering the standard, we also propose and study system performance
enhancements through the application of Turbo and Repeat-Accumulate (RA) codes,
as well as OFDM bit-loading. Our methodology consists of (a) a study of the
channel model developed under IEEE 802.15 for UWB from a frequency-domain
perspective suited for OFDM transmission, (b) development and quantification of
appropriate information-theoretic performance measures, (c) comparison of these
measures with simulation results for the Multiband OFDM standard proposal as
well as our proposed extensions, and (d) the consideration of the influence of
practical, imperfect channel estimation on the performance. We find that the
current Multiband OFDM standard sufficiently exploits the frequency selectivity
of the UWB channel, and that the system performs in the vicinity of the channel
cutoff rate. Turbo codes and a reduced-complexity clustered bit-loading
algorithm improve the system power efficiency by over 6 dB at a data rate of
480 Mbps.Comment: 32 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on
Wireless Communications (Sep. 28, 2005). Minor revisions based on reviewers'
comments (June 23, 2006
From Theory to Practice: Sub-Nyquist Sampling of Sparse Wideband Analog Signals
Conventional sub-Nyquist sampling methods for analog signals exploit prior
information about the spectral support. In this paper, we consider the
challenging problem of blind sub-Nyquist sampling of multiband signals, whose
unknown frequency support occupies only a small portion of a wide spectrum. Our
primary design goals are efficient hardware implementation and low
computational load on the supporting digital processing. We propose a system,
named the modulated wideband converter, which first multiplies the analog
signal by a bank of periodic waveforms. The product is then lowpass filtered
and sampled uniformly at a low rate, which is orders of magnitude smaller than
Nyquist. Perfect recovery from the proposed samples is achieved under certain
necessary and sufficient conditions. We also develop a digital architecture,
which allows either reconstruction of the analog input, or processing of any
band of interest at a low rate, that is, without interpolating to the high
Nyquist rate. Numerical simulations demonstrate many engineering aspects:
robustness to noise and mismodeling, potential hardware simplifications,
realtime performance for signals with time-varying support and stability to
quantization effects. We compare our system with two previous approaches:
periodic nonuniform sampling, which is bandwidth limited by existing hardware
devices, and the random demodulator, which is restricted to discrete multitone
signals and has a high computational load. In the broader context of Nyquist
sampling, our scheme has the potential to break through the bandwidth barrier
of state-of-the-art analog conversion technologies such as interleaved
converters.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, to appear in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in
Signal Processing, the special issue on Compressed Sensin
Channels with block interference
A new class of channel models with memory is presented in order to study various kinds of interference phenomena. It is shown, among other things, that when all other parameters are held fixed, channel capacity C is an increasing function of the memory length, while the cutoff rate R0 generally is a decreasing function. Calculations with various explicit coding schemes indicate that C is better than R0 as a performance measure for these channel models. As a partial resolution of this C versus R0 paradox, the conjecture is offered that R0 is more properly a measure of coding delay rather than of coding complexity
Radio Pulse Properties of the Millisecond Pulsar PSR J0437-4715. I. Observations at 20cm
We present a total of 48 minutes of observations of the nearby, bright
millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 taken at the Parkes radio observatory in
Australia. The data were obtained at a central radio frequency of 1380 MHz
using a high-speed tape recorder that permitted coherent Nyquist sampling of 50
MHz of bandwidth in each of two polarizations. Using the high time resolution
available from this voltage recording technique, we have studied a variety of
single-pulse properties, most for the first time in a millisecond pulsar. We
find no evidence for "diffractive" quantization effects in the individual pulse
arrival times or amplitudes as have been reported for this pulsar at lower
radio frequency using coarser time resolution (Ables et al. 1997). Overall, we
find that the single pulse properties of PSR J0437-4715 are similar to those of
the common slow-rotating pulsars, even though this pulsar's magnetosphere and
surface magnetic field are several orders of magnitude smaller than those of
the general population. The pulsar radio emission mechanism must therefore be
insensitive to these fundamental neutron star properties.Comment: 24 Postscript pages, 11 eps figures. Accepted for publication in the
Astrophysical Journal. Abbreviated abstract follow
Stability Region of a Slotted Aloha Network with K-Exponential Backoff
Stability region of random access wireless networks is known for only simple
network scenarios. The main problem in this respect is due to interaction among
queues. When transmission probabilities during successive transmissions change,
e.g., when exponential backoff mechanism is exploited, the interactions in the
network are stimulated. In this paper, we derive the stability region of a
buffered slotted Aloha network with K-exponential backoff mechanism,
approximately, when a finite number of nodes exist. To this end, we propose a
new approach in modeling the interaction among wireless nodes. In this
approach, we model the network with inter-related quasi-birth-death (QBD)
processes such that at each QBD corresponding to each node, a finite number of
phases consider the status of the other nodes. Then, by exploiting the
available theorems on stability of QBDs, we find the stability region. We show
that exponential backoff mechanism is able to increase the area of the
stability region of a simple slotted Aloha network with two nodes, more than
40\%. We also show that a slotted Aloha network with exponential backoff may
perform very near to ideal scheduling. The accuracy of our modeling approach is
verified by simulation in different conditions.Comment: 30 pages, 6 figure
A Two-Phase Maximum-Likelihood Sequence Estimation for Receivers with Partial CSI
The optimality of the conventional maximum likelihood sequence estimation
(MLSE), also known as the Viterbi Algorithm (VA), relies on the assumption that
the receiver has perfect knowledge of the channel coefficients or channel state
information (CSI). However, in practical situations that fail the assumption,
the MLSE method becomes suboptimal and then exhaustive checking is the only way
to obtain the ML sequence. At this background, considering directly the ML
criterion for partial CSI, we propose a two-phase low-complexity MLSE
algorithm, in which the first phase performs the conventional MLSE algorithm in
order to retain necessary information for the backward VA performed in the
second phase. Simulations show that when the training sequence is moderately
long in comparison with the entire data block such as 1/3 of the block, the
proposed two-phase MLSE can approach the performance of the optimal exhaustive
checking. In a normal case, where the training sequence consumes only 0.14 of
the bandwidth, our proposed method still outperforms evidently the conventional
MLSE.Comment: 5 pages and 4 figure
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