59 research outputs found
A result on polynomials derived via graph theory
We present an example of a result in graph theory that is used to obtain a
result in another branch of mathematics. More precisely, we show that the
isomorphism of certain directed graphs implies that some trinomials over finite
fields have the same number of roots
Supersaturation Problem for Color-Critical Graphs
The \emph{Tur\'an function} \ex(n,F) of a graph is the maximum number
of edges in an -free graph with vertices. The classical results of
Tur\'an and Rademacher from 1941 led to the study of supersaturated graphs
where the key question is to determine , the minimum number of copies
of that a graph with vertices and \ex(n,F)+q edges can have.
We determine asymptotically when is \emph{color-critical}
(that is, contains an edge whose deletion reduces its chromatic number) and
.
Determining the exact value of seems rather difficult. For
example, let be the limit superior of for which the extremal
structures are obtained by adding some edges to a maximum -free graph.
The problem of determining for cliques was a well-known question of Erd\H
os that was solved only decades later by Lov\'asz and Simonovits. Here we prove
that for every {color-critical}~. Our approach also allows us to
determine for a number of graphs, including odd cycles, cliques with one
edge removed, and complete bipartite graphs plus an edge.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figure
Extremal graphs for clique-paths
In this paper we deal with a Tur\'an-type problem: given a positive integer n
and a forbidden graph H, how many edges can there be in a graph on n vertices
without a subgraph H? How does a graph look like if it has this extremal edge
number?
The forbidden graph in this article is a clique-path: a path of length k
where each edge is extended to an r-clique, r >2. We determine both the
extremal number and the extremal graphs for sufficiently large n.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
On the Voting Time of the Deterministic Majority Process
In the deterministic binary majority process we are given a simple graph
where each node has one out of two initial opinions. In every round, every node
adopts the majority opinion among its neighbors. By using a potential argument
first discovered by Goles and Olivos (1980), it is known that this process
always converges in rounds to a two-periodic state in which every node
either keeps its opinion or changes it in every round.
It has been shown by Frischknecht, Keller, and Wattenhofer (2013) that the
bound on the convergence time of the deterministic binary majority
process is indeed tight even for dense graphs. However, in many graphs such as
the complete graph, from any initial opinion assignment, the process converges
in just a constant number of rounds.
By carefully exploiting the structure of the potential function by Goles and
Olivos (1980), we derive a new upper bound on the convergence time of the
deterministic binary majority process that accounts for such exceptional cases.
We show that it is possible to identify certain modules of a graph in order
to obtain a new graph with the property that the worst-case
convergence time of is an upper bound on that of . Moreover, even
though our upper bound can be computed in linear time, we show that, given an
integer , it is NP-hard to decide whether there exists an initial opinion
assignment for which it takes more than rounds to converge to the
two-periodic state.Comment: full version of brief announcement accepted at DISC'1
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