4,350 research outputs found
Quantum-enhanced reinforcement learning for finite-episode games with discrete state spaces
Quantum annealing algorithms belong to the class of metaheuristic tools,
applicable for solving binary optimization problems. Hardware implementations
of quantum annealing, such as the quantum annealing machines produced by D-Wave
Systems, have been subject to multiple analyses in research, with the aim of
characterizing the technology's usefulness for optimization and sampling tasks.
Here, we present a way to partially embed both Monte Carlo policy iteration for
finding an optimal policy on random observations, as well as how to embed (n)
sub-optimal state-value functions for approximating an improved state-value
function given a policy for finite horizon games with discrete state spaces on
a D-Wave 2000Q quantum processing unit (QPU). We explain how both problems can
be expressed as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem,
and show that quantum-enhanced Monte Carlo policy evaluation allows for finding
equivalent or better state-value functions for a given policy with the same
number episodes compared to a purely classical Monte Carlo algorithm.
Additionally, we describe a quantum-classical policy learning algorithm. Our
first and foremost aim is to explain how to represent and solve parts of these
problems with the help of the QPU, and not to prove supremacy over every
existing classical policy evaluation algorithm.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
Cooperative medium access control based on spectrum leasing
Based on cooperative spectrum leasing, a distributed “win–win” (WW) cooperative framework is designed to encourage the licensed source node (SN) to lease some part of its spectral resources to the unlicensed relay node (RN) for the sake of simultaneously improving the SN’s achievable rate and for reducing the energy consumption (EC). The potential candidate RNs carry out autonomous decisions concerning whether to contend for a cooperative transmission opportunity, which could dissipate some of their battery power, while conveying their traffic in light of their individual service requirements. Furthermore, a WW cooperative medium-access-control (MAC) protocol is designed to implement the proposed distributed WW cooperative framework. Simulation results demonstrate that our WW cooperative MAC protocol is capable of providing both substantial rate improvements and considerable energy savings for the cooperative spectrum leasing system
Multi-Player and Multi-Choice Quantum Game
We investigate a multi-player and multi-choice quantum game. We start from
two-player and two-choice game and the result is better than its classical
version. Then we extend it to N-player and N-choice cases. In the quantum
domain, we provide a strategy with which players can always avoid the worst
outcome. Also, by changing the value of the parameter of the initial state, the
probabilities for players to obtain the best payoff will be much higher that in
its classical version.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
On Factors Affecting the Usage and Adoption of a Nation-wide TV Streaming Service
Using nine months of access logs comprising 1.9 Billion sessions to BBC
iPlayer, we survey the UK ISP ecosystem to understand the factors affecting
adoption and usage of a high bandwidth TV streaming application across
different providers. We find evidence that connection speeds are important and
that external events can have a huge impact for live TV usage. Then, through a
temporal analysis of the access logs, we demonstrate that data usage caps
imposed by mobile ISPs significantly affect usage patterns, and look for
solutions. We show that product bundle discounts with a related fixed-line ISP,
a strategy already employed by some mobile providers, can better support user
needs and capture a bigger share of accesses. We observe that users regularly
split their sessions between mobile and fixed-line connections, suggesting a
straightforward strategy for offloading by speculatively pre-fetching content
from a fixed-line ISP before access on mobile devices.Comment: In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 201
- …