Modelo de evaluación de gestión del conocimiento para las pymes del sector de tecnologías de la Información

This paper discusses the statistical validation of a knowledge management (KM) assessment model for software-developing SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) located in the so called Colombian coffee triangle. A confirmatory correlational research, validated with 110 companies, was carried out taking into account a variety of aspects, namely infrastructure, intensive use of knowledge management and communities of practice (CoP). The model was tested under a confirmatory factor analysis meeting convergence, divergence and joint reliability criteria. A single model for assessing KM was obtained which is based on a holistic approach and a process-driven management. This model assesses 22 variables, 7 categories and 3 dimensions on SMEs pertaining to the information and communications technology industry (ICT). This allows the validation of a theoretical model that suits software companies’ needs, which can be applied to similar sectors in other cities around Colombia and the world.Se presenta en este artículo la validación estadística de un modelo de evaluación de gestión del conocimiento (GC), para pymes de desarrollo de software del triángulo del café de Colombia. Se realiza una investigación confirmatoria de tipo correlacional que se validó con 110 empresas, teniendo en consideración aspectos de infraestructura, uso intensivo de gestión de conocimiento y comunidades de práctica (COP). El modelo se contrasta bajo un análisis factorial confirmatorio que da cumplimiento a los criterios de convergencia, divergencia y fiabilidad conjunta. Se obtuvo un modelo único de evaluación de GC que se fundamenta en lo holístico y la gestión por procesos, el cual evalúa 22 variables, 7 categorías y 3 dimensiones en pymes del sector de tecnologías de la información y comunicaciones (TI), esto permite validar un modelo teórico apropiado a las necesidades de las compañías de software, el cual puede ser aplicado en similares sectores en otras ciudades de Colombia y el mundo

Global Commodity Chains and LINKSCH

No abstract available

The Rise of Innovation Districts: A New Geography of Innovation in America

As the United States slowly emerges from the great recession, a remarkable shify is occurring in the spatial geogrpahy of innovation. For the past 50 years, the landscape of innovation has been dominated by places like Silicon Valley - suburban corridors of spatially isolated corporate campuses, accessible only by car, with little emphasis on the quality of life or on integrating work, housing, and recreation. A new complementary urban model is now emerging, giving rise to what we and others are calling "innovation districts." These districts, by our definition, are geographic areas where leading-edge anchor institutions and companies cluster and connect with start-ups, business incubators, and accelerators. They are also physically compact, transit-accessible, and technicall

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in cattle from Pereira, Colombia

There are over 25.6 million cattle heads in Colombia being the fourth-highest herd in Latin America. This study aimed to describe the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in cattle from 25 rural farms at Pereira municipality, Risaralda Department, which has a total bovine population of 43,508 animals. A cross-sectional observational study was performed in beef and dairy herds during 2017–2018. A total of 325 animals in 25 herds, with 13 animals per herd, were sampled. A commercial competitive ELISA (cELISA) kit was used to detect N. caninum antibodies. Associated risk factors were analyzed in two different levels: individual animals and herds. For all the independent variables, chi-square (χ2) and Fisher tests were used to assess associations and significance. The overall estimated seropositivity was 20.6% (95%CI 16.2%–25.0%). The seroprevalence by herds was 92.0% ranging from 0.0% to 46.2%. Noteworthy, beef herds had significantly (p = 0.0107) higher seropositivity (50% of them above 35% of seropositivity) compared with those for milk purposes (4.8%) (OR = 20.0; 95%CI 1.2–331.0). Other risk factors were not significantly (p ≥ 0.05) associated with N. caninum seropositivity. Bovine neosporosis may be associated with abortions in both beef and dairy Colombian farms. More studies about the epidemiology, associated factors and consequences, as well as on tools for better diagnosis of bovine abortion, including histopathology and other ancillary tests, should be performed.Fil: Idarraga Bedoya, Samuel E.. Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; ColombiaFil: Álvarez Chica, Jaime. Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; ColombiaFil: Bonilla Aldana, D. Katterine. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira; Colombia. Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas; ColombiaFil: Moore, Dadin Prando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Morales, Alfonso J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira; Colombia. Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas; Colombi

Endowments, Coercion, and the Historical Containment of Education

Distinguishing the role of coercive labor and political institutions from the effects of economic inequality levels and populations’ ethno-linguistic compositions in explaining the diverging patterns of development across the Americas has remained a challenging task. This paper examines whether the incentives for elite groups to enforce coercive labor and political institutions, holding other factors constant, inhibited economic development by restricting the provision of public schooling. Using 19th-century micro data from municipalities in Puerto Rico, and exploiting variation in the suitability of coffee cultivation across regions and the timing of the nineteenth century coffee boom, we find that coffee-region local governments allocated more public resources to enforce coercive labor measures and repress revolutionary movements, as documented by greater expenditures targeted towards the enforcement of coercive contracts and the size of military and government-backed paramilitary forces. These local governments also allocated fewer resources towards the provision of primary schooling - a decline of 40 percent in the provision of public primary schools and a decline in literacy rates of 25 percent. These findings are consistent with models of factor price manipulation and political repression under elite-controlled non-democratic regimes, in which the returns to labor are depressed as a result of the extraction of rents from peasants’ wages and literacy-based voting rights are restricted through limited access to schooling.labor coercion; political institutions; geography; schooling

Transaction Costs, Information Technology and Development

This paper examines the impact of transaction costs on economic welfare and development. We extend the static model of Romer (1994), in which transaction costs reduce welfare by the reducing the equilibrium number of intermediate goods, and estimate the welfare losses in the case of domestic transaction costs. The main analysis of the paper extends a dynamic model of Ciccone and Matsuyama (1996) to incorporate transaction costs. We show that high transaction costs reduce the long-run level of development, and may arrest development completely in the extreme case. We also discuss the role of information technology in reducing transaction costs, and offer some preliminary evidence from rural India to illustrate how these reductions may occur through the use of such technologies.transaction costs; information technology; Internet; development; India

Spatial Unemployment Differentials in Colombia

This paper studies the geographic distribution of unemployment rates in Colombian urban areas. It introduces measures of spatial correlation and spatial econometric techniques to analyze the dependence in local unemployment rates across municipalities. Results suggest that Colombian municipalities have experienced a polarization process between 1993 and 2005, as municipalities' unemployment rates have followed different evolutions relative to the National average. This process has been accompanied by the creation of unemployment clusters, that is to say, municipalities had very similar unemployment outcomes to those of their neighbors. This analysis uses a spatial Durbin model to explore the influence of various factors in determining differences in regional unemployment rates. According to our findings differences in labor demand, immigration rates, and urbanization are factors behind observed municipal unemployment disparities.local labor markets, unemployment di erential, polarization, clustering, spatial econometrics, spatial Durbin model

A market assessment of greenhouse products and associated rural development in semi-arid regions of Mexico

Greenhouse products represent a feasible alternative for small producers compared to open-field production. Using a combination of enterprise budgeting, capital investment analysis and optimization, we found that under most of the conditions investigated the six different crops investigated are profitable. Greenhouse production has the added benefits of conserving scarce land and water resources, potentially reducing production and market risk, and offering consumers healthful products of good quality, that can contribute to the development of the local economy. One problem is that a larger up-front investment is often essential.;This study focused on three main areas: (1) A production and market assessment. (2) An analysis of governmental policies in Mexico and the USA, especially with respect to exports, and (3) An evaluation of credit programs for small producers

Proceedings of the 2022 Passion fruit Conference: Growing the U.S. Passion Fruit Industry A Strategic Conference for: Growers, Marketers, Researchers, and Stakeholders

We are pleased to deliver these proceedings of the passion fruit conference that was held in Homestead, Florida on June 14 and 15, 2022. It was a culmination of a lot of hard work by many people, most of them listed in the previous page. However, it would not have been a success without the attendees who came from various parts of the country to share their experiences growing passion fruit. What follows in these proceedings are the slides of the presentations with by notes taken by attendees along with notes taken of discussion regarding the five priority topic areas: Breeding/Genetics, Insect/Disease, Horticulture Production, Marketing/Economics, and Extension/Education. While these proceeding constitute a record of what transpired over those two days, it is not the end of the discussion. Moving forward we hope to engage you all on the best direction to take for more and better passion fruit production in the United States, as well as collaborating with others in other countries. To do this, we will need your continued support and future assistance. We are committed to research, teaching, and outreach for passion fruit in the U.S. and beyond