Modelling Expectation in the Self-Repair Processing of Annotat-, um, Listeners

This paper describes a statistical corpus study of self-repairs in the disfluency- annotated Switchboard corpus which examines the time-linear nature of self-repair processing for annotators and listeners in dialogue. The study suggests a strictly lo- cal detection and processing mechanism for self-repairs is sufficient, an advantage currently not used effectively under the bonnet of state-of-the-art automatic dis- fluency processing. We then show how simple local fluency measures using mod- ified language models can be strongly indicative of repair onset detection, and how simple information theoretic mea- sures could characterize different classes of repai

Multimodal reference in dialogue : towards a balanced corpus

Generation of Referring Expressions (GRE), e.g., Dale and Reiter (1995), is one of the core tasks of Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems. Usually it is formulated as an identification problem: given a domain representing entities and their properties, construct a referring expression for a target referent or set of target referents which singles it out from its distractors. Recently, researchers in this area have turned their attention to multimodal referring acts, in particular, the interaction between the two modalities of pointing and describing – e.g., Kranstedt et al. (2006), Piwek (2007), and Van der Sluis and Krahmer (2007). Additionally, psycholinguistic work is increasingly investigating the conditions governing the use of pointing gestures as part of referring acts in dialogue, opposed to monologue. Here, we present the design of an experiment on multimodal reference in two-party dialogue. The purpose of the experiment is to create a corpus that can inform the development of multimodal GRE algorithms.peer-reviewe

К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ СЕМАНТИКИ ГЛАГОЛА

In this article, verbal lexemes are classified according to the nomination of the activity of nouns. Consequently, they are called upon to denote what is the “characteristic activity” of nouns of specific semantic classes, semantic thematic series and individual lexemes, as well as to the principle of generalization of different semantic classes, a group of thematic series, which is proved on specific verb examples and it is necessary to conclude that verbs can be divided into verbs of narrow and wide nominations, Depending on the semantic structure of verbs, their direct and figurative meanings differ, Often the potential seme of a verb is a concretizer and indicates the semantic class, groups and thematic series of nouns, and thus the verb actualizes its meaning in speech.The starting point of this work is the fact that "there are no objects without properties and relations and properties and relations without objects", therefore, verbs as well as nouns can be subjected to such classifications as nouns, where nouns of being, abstractness, concreteness, animate, inanimate are distinguished, anthroponymy, faunonymy, as well as certain semantic groups, thematic series and at the level of individual lexemes, as indicated by specific examples.Thus, we have to conclude that the verb is designed in the language to designate the characteristic activity of certain nouns, combining with it in speech its actual meaning is revealed and thereby determines its relevance to a particular semantic class, semantic groups or thematic series, and thus the verbs of a narrow and a wide nomination from a wide nomination. Depending on the semantic structure of the verbs, their direct and figurative meanings differ. Often a potential seme of a verb is a concretizer and indicates the semantic class, groups and thematic series of nouns, and thus the verb actualizes its meaning in speech.In this article, verbal lexemes are classified according to the nomination of the activity of nouns. Consequently, they are called upon to denote what is the “characteristic activity” of nouns of specific semantic classes, semantic thematic series and individual lexemes, as well as to the principle of generalization of different semantic classes, a group of thematic series, which is proved on specific verb examples and it is necessary to conclude that verbs can be divided into verbs of narrow and wide nominations, Depending on the semantic structure of verbs, their direct and figurative meanings differ, Often the potential seme of a verb is a concretizer and indicates the semantic class, groups and thematic series of nouns, and thus the verb actualizes its meaning in speech.The starting point of this work is the fact that "there are no objects without properties and relations and properties and relations without objects", therefore, verbs as well as nouns can be subjected to such classifications as nouns, where nouns of being, abstractness, concreteness, animate, inanimate are distinguished, anthroponymy, faunonymy, as well as certain semantic groups, thematic series and at the level of individual lexemes, as indicated by specific examples.Thus, we have to conclude that the verb is designed in the language to designate the characteristic activity of certain nouns, combining with it in speech its actual meaning is revealed and thereby determines its relevance to a particular semantic class, semantic groups or thematic series, and thus the verbs of a narrow and a wide nomination from a wide nomination. Depending on the semantic structure of the verbs, their direct and figurative meanings differ. Often a potential seme of a verb is a concretizer and indicates the semantic class, groups and thematic series of nouns, and thus the verb actualizes its meaning in speech

The Morpho-Semantics of Spanish Indefinites

I analyze the Spanish indefinites algún and algunos as a paucal and a greater paucal determiner, respectively, contrary to the common assumption that views the former as singular and the latter as plural. I use Harbour's (2014) feature [±additive], and the possibility of repeating that feature, in order to do so. I propose a transparent word-internal compositional analysis of the two determiners, where alg- contributes [–additive] to both of them. I discuss consequences for the semantics of morphological plurality in nouns and for the analysis of ignorance implicatures

The semantics of ellipsis

There are four phenomena that are particularly troublesome for theories of ellipsis: the existence of sloppy readings when the relevant pronouns cannot possibly be bound; an ellipsis being resolved in such a way that an ellipsis site in the antecedent is not understood in the way it was there; an ellipsis site drawing material from two or more separate antecedents; and ellipsis with no linguistic antecedent. These cases are accounted for by means of a new theory that involves copying syntactically incomplete antecedent material and an analysis of silent VPs and NPs that makes them into higher order definite descriptions that can be bound into

The Birth of Semantics

We attempt here to trace the evolution of Frege’s thought about truth. What most frames the way we approach the problem is a recognition that hardly any of Frege’s most familiar claims about truth appear in his earliest work. We argue that Frege’s mature views about truth emerge from a fundamental re-thinking of the nature of logic instigated, in large part, by a sustained engagement with the work of George Boole and his followers, after the publication of Begriffsschrift and the appearance of critical reviews by members of the Boolean school

The Semantics of Article Acquisition

Accurately using articles has consistently been a difficult task for English language learners as articles are often treated as solely grammatical forms rather than also recognizing as representatives of complex semantic properties. This paper aims to synthesize individual research on semantic factors which influence article acquisition and explore how they interact with each other. This paper especially focuses on how native and second language speakers of English acquire and understand the concepts of definiteness and specificity and explores these features within the framework of Chomsky’s theory of Universal Grammar. This paper examines the Fluctuating Hypothesis (FH) and its use as a theoretical framework for a variety of modern article acquisition research. The theory states that ELLs have access to Universal Grammar when discovering the parameters for the semantic categories of definiteness and specificity. This paper then explains the interaction between the FH and transfer in language learners from both article-based and articleless language backgrounds, concluding that transfer does not override the effects of the FH. Additional semantic factors such as countability, plurality, and idiomatic phrase structures are also discussed in this paper, emphasizing the many complex layers ELLs must learn to navigate. This paper examines recent attempts to create linguistically informed article instruction, some of which incorporate concepts from the FH. Finally, the paper provides guidelines for English language instructors, stressing the importance of understanding features of their students’ native language, building students’ awareness of the complexities associated with article use, and correcting their misconceptions of specificity and definiteness