2,252 research outputs found

    Enclaves of freedom. On „second circulation” publishing in the PRL

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    „Second circulation publishing”, the broadly defined publishing and cultural movement, independent of the authorities of the PRL and not subject to state censorship, was initiated in the autumn of 1976 by the community which opposed communist party rule in Poland. The author of the article offers a synthesis defining the notion of „second circulation”, indicating its scope of influence and its reach, discussing its significance at the levels of community, cultural and political life, and its influence on the democratic changes in Poland and other Central and East European states in the late-1980s

    The Changing Face of Economics? Ethical Issues in Contemporary Economic Schools as a Consequence of Changes in the Concept of Human Nature

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    The last financial crisis combined with some recent social trends (like growing inequality or environmental problems) inspired many contemporary economists to the re-evaluation of actual economic knowledge in the search for solutions to these problems. Modern economic schools (especially heterodox ones) stress the meaning of ethical issues in economics more often. The thesis of the paper is that this revival of the ethical face of present economics depends very strongly on the changing assumptions of human nature within economics and other disciplines which work alongside economics, such as social psychology or business ethics, for instance. In order to prove the thesis, the paper provides an evaluation of current economic schools, especially within the heterodoxy, in search of their ethical aspects, and presents them as a result of the changing assumptions about human beings within those schools. This ethical dimension of human beings manifests itself in different ways, which can be perceived as a result of it being based on different ethical schools and different psychological and philosophical assumptions about human nature. Therefore, the paper also considers the current developments of the view on human beings in contemporary schools of economic ethics

    Innovation and the Growth of Service Firms: The Polish Case

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    Differences in the growth of firms remain a major topic in economics and strategy research. In this paper we investigated the link between innovation performance and employment growth. First we discuss the problem from the theoretical point of view and then we analyze the relationship between innovation performance and the dynamics of employment in the Polish service firms in 2004-2009. Firms that introduced new services or marketing techniques experienced stronger growth. Process innovations contributed to employment reduction. Tellingly, this effect could only be observed in 2008-2009, a subperiod which saw the lowest levels of aggregate demand. This conclusion yields support to the presumption formulated by Pianta (2005) that the impact of innovation on employment growth depends on the macroeconomic situation

    The Politics of Institutional Learning and Creation: Bank Crises and Supervision in East Central Europe

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    This article examines the political conditions shaping the creation of new institutional capabilities. It analyzes bank sector reforms in the 1990s in three leading postcommunist democracies – Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic. It shows how different political approaches to economic transformation can facilitate or hinder the ability of relevant public and private actors to experiment and learn their new roles. With its emphasis on insulating power and rapidly implementing self-enforcing economic incentives, the “depoliticization” approach creates few changes in bank behavior and, indeed impedes investment in new capabilities at the bank and supervisory levels. The “deliberative restructuring” approach fostered innovative, costeffective monitoring structures for recapitalization, a strong supervisory system, and a stable, expanding banking sector.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/40112/3/wp726.pd

    Regional Policy of the EU and Intra-Regional Differences in Development Levels. A Case Study of Lodz Region.

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    The regional policy of the EU attempts at minimising the scale of disparities in the level of socio-economic development of regions. Regional policy is one of the key policies of the EU as shown by the fact that over a third of the Community’s budget is spent on it. The main objective of regional policy is to help backward regions to catch up, restructure declining industries, diversify agriculture as well as revitalise cities. Poland, the largest of the new member states is at the same time one of the most lagging behind. The Structural Funds are perceived in Poland as one of the main instruments serving regional development. Since the EU and Poland put a great emphasis on regional policy it seems worthwhile to reflect upon its effectiveness. This article does not aim at analysing the changes in the level of disparities between countries or even regions of the EU – there is sufficient literature dealing with this issue. It needs to be noted however, that there often exist far greater disparities in the level of socio-economic development within regions rather than between them. This results from the concentration of positive effects of regional policy in regional centres. The author aims at presenting a methodology and results of research performed in a Polish region of Lodzkie. It concentrated on measuring the level of socio-economic development in the communes of Lodzkie and the scale of intra-regional disparities. Most available analyses of the effectiveness of regional policy concentrates on measuring the level of disparities between regions, mostly due to the fact that there is insufficient statistical material that would allow such comparisons on a lower level of territorial division. The author proposes a methodology that allows such comparisons for Polish communes. It is then tested on communes of Lodzkie (177 administrative units). The results seem to confirm that the regions are strongly polarised – with most of the socio-economic development concentrated in the centre of the region and a peripheral area around it. This leads to a conclusion that specific actions need to be undertaken in order to fully benefit from regional policy activities.

    DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' INNOVATIVE COMPETENCES IN THE ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT: DETERMINANTS AND CAREER PATHS

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    The aim of the paper is to assess the level and determine the factors of development of students' innovative competences in the academic environment of a selected university in Poland, as well as to identify the main directions of students' planned career paths. This aim is realized on the basis of the research carried out in the framework of the 2nd Edition of the international research project Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students' Survey (GUESSS) on a sample of 1,597 students of Lodz University of Technology, Poland. There were 3 research questions posed. The results indicate that the level of innovative competences is significantly and positively influenced by the level of entrepreneurship classes and the support on the part of university friends for entrepreneurial and innovative initiatives undertaken. People with the highest level of these competences often have much more definite professional plans. More than half of them plan to implement their innovative ideas in their own companies, established after gaining experience as employees of small, medium-sized and large enterprises

    Modern trends in international economic integration development

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    The process of the convergence and intensification of interdependencies of individual states is the main trend of the world economy. There has been an increase in scientific and practical interest in international economic integration lately. The authors overview and summarize the theoretical background, main trends and key areas in the field of international economic integration. The most significant regional international agreements are defined

    Cooperation of enterprises in the functional area in the field of innovation

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    Purpose – The aim of the presented article is the assessment of the relationship between the intensity of cooperation in the field of innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises with other business entities and their location in the functional area. Research method – A review of the literature on determinants of cooperation in the field of innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises operating in the functional area was carried out. The second part of the article presents the results of empirical research conducted among 150 small and mediumsized companies operating in the Lodz-Warsaw functional area. The survey was carried out based on the interview method, using an anonymous questionnaire, with owners or co-owners of enterprises or their main managers. Results – Proximity of companies and other entities located in the functional area and the resulting cooperation in the field of innovation have a positive effect on financial and non-financial results obtained through cooperation. This indicates a dependence between cooperation and innovativeness of companies which are located in the functional area and have partners there. Originality / value – The analysis of the results of the conducted research confirms the assumption that the intensity of cooperation in the field of innovation of Polish small and medium-sized enterprises with other economic entities depends on their location in functional [email protected] of Lodz. Faculty of Management, University of LodzArendt L., Grabowski W., 2019, The role of firm-level factors and regional innovation capabilities for Polish SMEs, “Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation”, vol. 15(3), pp. 11-44, DOI: 10.7341/20191531.Czakon W., 2017, Świadomość sieciowa w strategiach relacyjnych, “Organizacja i Kierowanie”, nr 2, s. 93-104.Forsman H., Rantanen H., 2011, Small manufacturing and service enterprises as innovators: a comparison by size, “European Journal of Innovation Management”, vol. 14(1), pp. 27-50.Grabowska M., 2014, Współdziałanie przedsiębiorstw w perspektywie sieciowej, „Organizacja i Zarządzanie. Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Śląskiej”, nr 76, s. 51-61.Grandea J., Madsen E.L., Borch O.J., 2011, The relationship between resources, entrepreneurial orientation and performance in farm-based ventures, “Entrepreneurship & Regional Development”, vol. 23(3-4), pp. 89-111.Hamilton R.T., 2010, How firms grow and the influence of size and age, “International Small Business Journal”, vol. 30(6), pp. 611-621, DOI: 10.1177/02662426103 83446.Heffner K., Gibas P., 2013, Obszary funkcjonalne ośrodków regionalnych w Polsce, [w:] Zrozumieć terytorium. Idea i praktyka, Nowakowska A. (red.), Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.Huggins R., Thompson P., 2015, Entrepreneurship, innovation and regional growth: a network theory, “Small Business Economics”, vol. 45(1), pp. 103-128, DOI: 10.1007 /s11187-015-9643-3.Kuźnik F., 2015, Miejskie obszary funkcjonalne a polityka miejska, “Studia Ekonomiczne. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach”, nr 50, s. 7-24.Markowski T., 2011, Funkcjonowanie gospodarki przestrzennej – założenia budowy modelu zintegrowanego planowania i zarządzania rozwojem, [w:] System planowania przestrzennego i jego rola w strategicznym zarządzaniu rozwojem kraju, Markowski T., Żuber P. (red.), seria “Studia KPZK PAN”, t. CXXXIV, Warszawa.Markowski T., 2015, Zintegrowana Strategia Rozwoju Warszawsko-Łódzkiego Obszaru Funkcjonalnego do roku 2030 (projekt), Uniwersytet Łódzki, Łódź.Micek G., Piziak B., 2017, Wpływ bliskości międzyorganizacyjnej na rozwój usług IT w Krakowie i na Górnym Śląsku, “Studia Ekonomiczne. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach”, nr 320, s. 107-128.Nowak P., 2013, Współpraca świętokrzyskich przedsiębiorstw – szansa czy bariera rozwoju regionalnego systemu innowacji, “Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica”, nr 290, s. 39-51.Nowakowska A., 2011, Regionalny wymiar procesów innowacji, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.Plawgo B., Citkowski M., Garwolińska M., 2017, Competences, innovations and internationalization as the key development factors of network enterprises, “Optimum. Studia ekonomiczne”, nr 5(89), s. 148-163, DOI: 10.15290/ose.2017.05.89.10.Poznańska K., 2016, Współpraca małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw z podmiotami zewnętrznymi w zakresie innowacyjności, “Studia Ekonomiczne. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach”, no. 280, pp. 143-156.Presutti M., Boari C., Majocchi A., Molina-Morales A., 2019, Distance to Customers, Absorptive Capacity, and Innovation in High-Tech Firms: The Dark Face of Geographical Proximity, “Journal of Small Business Management”, vol. 2(57), pp. 343-36, DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12323.Radicic D., Pugh G., 2017, Performance Effects of External Search Strategies in European Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, “Journal of Small Business Management”, no 55(S1), pp. 76-114.Roper S., Love J.H., 2018, Knowledge context, learning and innovation: an integrating framework, “Industry and Innovation”, vol. 25(4), pp. 339-364, DOI: 10.1080/136627 16.2017.1414744.Ross B., 2016, Mission impossible? 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    The Politics of Institutional Learning and Creation: Bank Crises and Supervision in East Central Europe

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    This article examines the political conditions shaping the creation of new institutional capabilities. It analyzes bank sector reforms in the 1990s in three leading postcommunist democracies – Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic. It shows how different political approaches to economic transformation can facilitate or hinder the ability of relevant public and private actors to experiment and learn their new roles. With its emphasis on insulating power and rapidly implementing self-enforcing economic incentives, the “depoliticization” approach creates few changes in bank behavior and, indeed impedes investment in new capabilities at the bank and supervisory levels. The “deliberative restructuring” approach fostered innovative, costeffective monitoring structures for recapitalization, a strong supervisory system, and a stable, expanding banking sector.Institutional change, transition economies, bank crises, bank supervision, learn
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