5,269 research outputs found
Amplification of compressional MHD waves in systems with forced entropy oscillations
The propagation of compressional MHD waves is studied for an externally
driven system. It is assumed that the combined action of the external sources
and sinks of the entropy results in the harmonic oscillation of the entropy
(and temperature) in the system. It is found that with the appropriate resonant
conditions fast and slow waves get amplified due to the phenomenon of
parametric resonance. Besides, it is shown that the considered waves are
mutually coupled as a consequence of the nonequilibrium state of the background
medium. The coupling is strongest when the plasma . The
proposed formalism is sufficiently general and can be applied for many
dynamical systems, both under terrestrial and astrophysical conditions.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, Accepted to Physical Review
Corrugation of relativistic magnetized shock waves
As a shock front interacts with turbulence, it develops corrugation which
induces outgoing wave modes in the downstream plasma. For a fast shock wave,
the incoming wave modes can either be fast magnetosonic waves originating from
downstream, outrunning the shock, or eigenmodes of the upstream plasma drifting
through the shock. Using linear perturbation theory in relativistic MHD, this
paper provides a general analysis of the corrugation of relativistic magnetized
fast shock waves resulting from their interaction with small amplitude
disturbances. Transfer functions characterizing the linear response for each of
the outgoing modes are calculated as a function of the magnetization of the
upstream medium and as a function of the nature of the incoming wave.
Interestingly, if the latter is an eigenmode of the upstream plasma, we find
that there exists a resonance at which the (linear) response of the shock
becomes large or even diverges. This result may have profound consequences on
the phenomenology of astrophysical relativistic magnetized shock waves.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures; to appear in Ap
Resonant magnetohydrodynamic waves in high-beta plasmas
When a global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave propagates in a weakly dissipative inhomogeneous plasma, the resonant interaction of this wave with either local Alfven or slow MHD waves is possible. This interaction occurs at the resonant position where the phase velocity of the global wave coincides with the phase velocity of either Alfven or slow MHD waves. As a result of this interaction a dissipative layer embracing the resonant position is formed, its thickness being proportional to R-1/3, where R >> 1 is the Reynolds number. The wave motion in the resonant layer is characterized by large amplitudes and large gradients. The presence of large gradients causes strong dissipation of the global wave even in very weakly dissipative plasmas. Very often the global wave motion is characterized by the presence of both Alfven and slow resonances. In plasmas with small or moderate plasma beta beta, the resonance positions corresponding to the Alfven and slow resonances are well separated, so that the wave motion in the Alfven and slow dissipative layers embracing the Alfven and slow resonant positions, respectively, can be studied separately. However, when beta greater than or similar to R-1/3, the two resonance positions are so close that the two dissipative layers overlap. In this case, instead of two dissipative layers, there is one mixed Alfven-slow dissipative layer. In this paper the wave motion in such a mixed dissipative layer is studied. It is shown that this motion is a linear superposition of two motions, one corresponding to the Alfven and the other to the slow dissipative layer. The jump of normal velocity across the mixed dissipative layer related to the energy dissipation rate is equal to the sum of two jumps, one that occurs across the Alfven dissipative layer and the other across the slow dissipative layer
Experiments on wave turbulence : the evolution and growth of second sound acoustic turbulence in superfluid 4He confirm self-similarity.
We report our experiments on the formation of second sound acoustic turbulence in superfluid 4He. The initial growth in spectral amplitude follows power laws that steepen rapidly with increasing harmonic number n, corresponding to a propagating front in frequency space. The lower growth exponents agree well with analytic predictions and numerical modeling. The observed increase in the formation delay with n validates the concept of selfsimilarity in the growth of wave turbulence
Thermal Tides in Fluid Extrasolar Planets
Asynchronous rotation and orbital eccentricity lead to time-dependent
irradiation of the close-in gas giant exoplanets -- the hot Jupiters. This
time-dependent surface heating gives rise to fluid motions which propagate
throughout the planet. We investigate the ability of this "thermal tide" to
produce a quadrupole moment which can couple to the stellar gravitational tidal
force. While previous investigations discussed planets with solid surfaces,
here we focus on entirely fluid planets in order to understand gas giants with
small cores. The Coriolis force, thermal diffusion and self-gravity of the
perturbations are ignored for simplicity. First, we examine the response to
thermal forcing through analytic solutions of the fluid equations which treat
the forcing frequency as a small parameter. In the "equilibrium tide" limit of
zero frequency, fluid motion is present but does not induce a quadrupole
moment. In the next approximation, finite frequency corrections to the
equilibrium tide do lead to a nonzero quadrupole moment, the sign of which
torques the planet {\it away} from synchronous spin. We then numerically solve
the boundary value problem for the thermally forced, linear response of a
planet with neutrally stratified interior and stably stratified envelope. The
numerical results find quadrupole moments in agreement with the analytic
non-resonant result at sufficiently long forcing period. Surprisingly, in the
range of forcing periods of 1-30 days, the induced quadrupole moments can be
far larger than the analytic result due to response of internal gravity waves
which propagate in the radiative envelope. We discuss the relevance of our
results for the spin, eccentricity and thermal evolution of hot Jupiters.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Ap
Microscale fluctuations in the solar wind
Theoretical constraints on the interpretation of fluctuations (either propagating or stationary) in the interplanetary medium are reviewed, with emphasis on the important differences between the properties of hydromagnetic waves (and stationary structures) in collisionless and in collision-dominated plasmas, and on the possible roles of Landau damping and nonlinear effects in determining the interplanetary fluctuation spectrum. Hypotheses about the origins of the fluctuations and their influence on the large-scale properties of the solar wind are reviewed
Introduction to the Neoclassical Interpretation: Quantum Steampunk
In a previous paper we outlined a series of historical touchpoints between classical aether theories and modern theoretical physics which showed a shared conceptual lineage for the modern tools and methods of the most common interpretations and fluid based “Hydrodynamic” treatments of an electromagnetic medium. It was proposed that, though the weight of modern experimentation leaves an extremely narrow and convoluted window for even a reconceptualization of a medium, all of modern physics recognizes a plethora of behaviors and attributes for free space and these physics are interchangeable with modern methods for treating superfluid-like continuums. Thus the mathematical equivalence of the methods do not comprise alternative physics but an alternative interpretation of the same physics. Though many individual components describing a “neo-aether” or “quintessence” are available, an overarching structural outline of how these tools can work together to provide an alternative working overview of modern physics has remained undefined. This paper will propose a set of introductory concepts in the first outline of a toy model which will later connect the alternative tools and conceptualizations with their modern counterparts. This introductory paper provides the simpler “100-miles out” overview of the whole of physics from this perspective, in an easily comprehensible, familiar and intuitive, informal dialog fashion. While this paper grants the largest and loosest introductory overview, subsequent papers in this series will address the finite connections between modern physics and this hydrodynamic view
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