Tourism and heritage in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone

Tourism and Heritage in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) uses an ethnographic lens to explore the dissonances associated with the commodification of Chornobyl's heritage. The book considers the role of the guides as experience brokers, focusing on the synergy between tourists and guides in the performance of heritage interpretation. Banaszkiewicz proposes to perceive tour guides as important actors in the bottom-up construction of heritage discourse contributing to more inclusive and participatory approach to heritage management. Demonstrating that the CEZ has been going through a dynamic transformation into a mass tourism attraction, the book offers a critical reflection on heritagisation as a meaning-making process in which the resources of the past are interpreted, negotiated, and recognised as a valuable legacy. Applying the concepts of dissonant heritage to describe the heterogeneous character of the CEZ, the book broadens the interpretative scope of dark tourism which takes on a new dimension in the context of the war in Ukraine. Tourism and Heritage in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone argues that post-disaster sites such as Chornobyl can teach us a great deal about the importance of preserving cultural and natural heritage for future generations. The book will be of interest to academics and students who are engaged in the study of heritage, tourism, memory, disasters and Eastern Europe

Імерсивні технології для навчання і підвищення кваліфікації персоналу АЕС

Training and professional development of nuclear power plant personnel are essential components of the atomic energy industry’s successful performance. The rapid growth of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies allowed to expand their scope and caused the need for various studies and experiments in terms of their application and effectiveness. Therefore, this publication studies the peculiarities of the application of VR and AR technologies for the training and professional development of personnel of nuclear power plants. The research and experiments on various aspects of VR and AR applications for specialists’ training in multiple fields have recently started. The analysis of international experience regarding the technologies application has shown that powerful companies and large companies have long used VR and AR in the industries they function. The paper analyzes the examples and trends of the application of VR technologies for nuclear power plants. It is determined that VR and AR’s economic efficiency for atomic power plants is achieved by eliminating design errors before starting the construction phase; reducing the cost and time expenditures for staff travel and staff training; increasing industrial safety, and increasing management efficiency. VR and AR technologies for nuclear power plants are successfully used in the following areas: modeling various atomic energy processes; construction of nuclear power plants; staff training and development; operation, repair, and maintenance of nuclear power plant equipment; presentation of activities and equipment. Peculiarities of application of VR and AR technologies for training of future specialists and advanced training of nuclear power plant personnel are analyzed. Staff training and professional development using VR and AR technologies take place in close to real-world conditions that are safe for participants and equipment. Applying VR and AR at nuclear power plants can increase efficiency: to work out the order of actions in the emergency mode; to optimize the temporary cost of urgent repairs; to test of dismantling/installation of elements of the equipment; to identify weaknesses in the work of individual pieces of equipment and the working complex as a whole. The trends in the application of VR and AR technologies for the popularization of professions in nuclear energy among children and youth are outlined. Due to VR and AR technologies, the issues of “nuclear energy safety” have gained new importance both for the personnel of nuclear power plants and for the training of future specialists in the energy sector. Using VR and AR to acquaint children and young people with atomic energy in a playful way, it becomes possible to inform about the peculiarities of the nuclear industry’s functioning and increase industry professions’ prestige.Навчання та підвищення кваліфікації персоналу атомної електростанції є важливими складовими успішної діяльності галузі атомної енергетики. Швидке зростання технологій віртуальної реальності (ВР) та доповненої реальності (АР) дозволило розширити сферу їх застосування та викликало необхідність у різних дослідженнях та експериментах з точки зору їх застосування та ефективності. Тому ця публікація вивчає особливості застосування технологій VR та AR для навчання та підвищення кваліфікації персоналу атомних електростанцій. Нещодавно розпочалися дослідження та експерименти з різних аспектів додатків VR та AR для підготовки спеціалістів у різних областях. Аналіз світового досвіду застосування технологій показав, що потужні компанії та великі компанії вже давно використовують VR та AR у галузях, де вони функціонують. У статті аналізуються приклади та тенденції застосування технологій VR для атомних електростанцій. Визначено, що економічна ефективність ВР та АР для атомних електростанцій досягається шляхом усунення помилок проектування перед початком етапу будівництва; скорочення витрат та витрат часу на поїздки та навчання персоналу; підвищення промислової безпеки та підвищення ефективності управління. Технології VR та AR для атомних електростанцій успішно використовуються в таких областях: моделювання різних атомних енергетичних процесів; будівництво атомних електростанцій; навчання та розвиток персоналу; експлуатація, ремонт та обслуговування обладнання атомних електростанцій; презентація діяльності та обладнання. Проаналізовано особливості застосування технологій VR та AR для підготовки майбутніх фахівців та підвищення кваліфікації персоналу атомної електростанції. Навчання та підвищення кваліфікації персоналу з використанням технологій VR та AR відбувається в умовах, близьких до реальних, безпечних для учасників та обладнання. Застосування VR та AR на атомних електростанціях може підвищити ефективність: виробити порядок дій у аварійному режимі; оптимізувати тимчасову вартість термінового ремонту; перевірити демонтаж/установку елементів обладнання; виявити слабкі місця в роботі окремих одиниць обладнання та робочого комплексу в цілому. Окреслено тенденції застосування технологій VR та AR для популяризації професій з ядерної енергетики серед дітей та молоді. Завдяки технологіям VR та AR питання «безпеки ядерної енергії» набули нового значення як для персоналу атомних електростанцій, так і для підготовки майбутніх фахівців в енергетичному секторі. Використовуючи VR та AR для ігрового ознайомлення дітей та молоді з атомною енергією, стає можливим інформувати про особливості функціонування атомної галузі та підвищувати престиж галузевих професій

The Demography of Disasters

This open access book provides worldwide examples demonstrating the importance of the interplay between demography and disasters in regions and spatially. It marks an advance in practical and theoretical insights for understanding the role of demography in planning for and mitigating impacts from disasters in developed nations. Both slow onset (like the of loss polar ice from climate change) and sudden disasters (such as cyclones and man-made disasters) have the capacity to fundamentally change the profiles of populations at local and regional levels. Impacts vary according to the type, rapidity and magnitude of the disaster, but also according to the pre-existing population profile and its relationships to the economy and society. In all cases, the key to understanding impacts and avoiding them in the future is to understand the relationships between disasters and population change. In most chapters in this book we compare and contrast studies from at least two cases and summarize their practical and theoretical lessons

이중 입자 영상화와 시야각 확대를 통한 회전 변조 집속기 영상화 기법 개선

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :융합과학기술대학원 융합과학부,2019. 8. 예성준.Rotational modulation collimator (RMC) is one of the radiation imaging techniques that make use of mechanical collimation, and it comprises a single detector placed behind two rotating collimator masks. This technique has the advantage of eliminating the need for position-sensitive radiation detectors, offering the possibility of reducing the system complexity and cost. However, the limitations of the existing RMC technique are that it 1) only has single-particle imaging and its 2) narrow field of view (FOV) is determined by the aspect ratio of the cylinder. The objective of this dissertation is to further investigate an RMC technique for localization of the radioactive materials, and it has mainly been improved along the following two viewpoints. First, dual-particle localization system was developed based on RMC coupled with a pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capable scintillator. The design parameters for RMC system were optimized using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. To remove the 180° source ambiguity imposed by the conventional bilateral symmetric mask, a new slit and slat design of the mask was proposed. The method for estimating the location of radioactive materials was established using the maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) algorithm, and the imaging capability of the developed system was verified via measurement experiments. It offered an angular resolution 0.95° and FOV of 18° in the cross-sectional plane. Second, to overcome the limited FOV, a hemispherical collimator was developed to extend the FOV to approximately 2π. The design parameters were optimized using MC simulations, and MLEM algorithm was applied to estimate the radiation distribution. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the imaging capability of the system. The proposed hemispherical collimator was shown to be valid as designed and simulated, and it offered an FOV of 160° in the cross-sectional plane and an angular resolution of 10°. In conclusion, the RMC technique was improved from single particle localization to a dual-particle system, and method to extend the FOV approximately 2π was proposed. If these functional improvements are applied to the RMC technique, it could realize more practical and useful applications in the field of radiation safety and nuclear security.회전 변조 집속기 기반 영상화 기술은 기계적 집속을 이용하는 기법 중 하나로 단일 검출기 앞에서 동시에 회전하는 두 개의 집속기로 구성된다. 이 기술은 위치 민감형 검출기가 필요 없기 때문에 시스템의 복잡성과 비용을 줄일 수 있는 장점이 있다. 그러나 기존의 회전 변조 집속기 기법은 단일 입자 영상화만 가능하였고, 원기둥 형태의 구조로 인해 시야각이 좁은 한계점이 있었다. 본 학위논문은 회전 변조 집속기 기법에 대한 추가적인 탐구를 목표로 하여, 크게 두 가지 측면에서 회전 변조 집속기 영상화 기법을 개선하였다. 그 첫 번째 연구 내용으로서, 회전 변조 집속기 기법에 신호 파형 구분법이 적용 가능한 섬광 계측기를 접목하여 중성자와 감마선을 동시에 탐지할 수 있는 이중입자 위치 추정 시스템을 계발하였다. 몬테 카를로 전산 모사를 이용하여 설계 파라미터를 최적화하였고, 기존의 좌우 대칭형태의 집속기 구조가 가지는 180° 대칭 위치의 선원 추정 모호성 문제를 해결하기 위해서 새로운 비대칭형 집속기를 제안하였다. 방사성 물질의 위치 추정을 위해서 최대 우도 추정 기댓값 극대화 기법에 기반한 영상 재구성 방법론을 확립하였고, 개발된 장비의 영상화 능력은 측정 실험을 통해 검증되었다. 개발된 이중입자 위치 추정 시스템의 각 분해능은 0.95° 이고, 시야각은 시스템의 횡단면을 기준으로 18° 이다. 두 번째 연구 내용으로서, 일반적인 회전 변조 집속기 디자인의 좁은 시야각 문제를 해결하기 위해 반구 형태의 집속기 디자인을 개발하였다. 몬테 카를로 전산 모사를 이용하여 설계 파라미터를 최적화하였고, 최대 우도 추정 기댓값 극대화 기법에 기반한 영상 재구성 방법론을 적용하여 방사성 물질의 분포를 추정하였다. 시스템의 영상화 능력을 평가하기 위해 측정 실험을 수행하였으며, 개발된 반구형 회전 변조 집속기는 설계되고 시뮬레이션된 것처럼 유효한 것을 확인하였다. 시스템의 시야각은 횡단면을 기준으로 160° 이고 각 분해능은 10° 이다. 결론적으로, 본 연구를 통해 회전 변조 집속기 기법은 이중입자 위치 추정 시스템으로 개선되었으며, 시야각을 약 2π 영역까지 확장시킬 수 있는 방법이 제안되었다. 이러한 개선점이 회전 변조 집속기 기법에 적용된다면 회전 변조 집속기 기반 영상화 시스템이 방사선 안전 및 핵안보 분야에서 보다 실용적이고 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Image-based Radioactive Material Detection Technique 2 1.1.1. Mechanical Collimation Method 3 1.1.2. Electrical Collimation Method 6 1.2. RMC Imaging System 9 1.2.1. Basic Principle of the RMC Imager 11 1.2.2. Previous Studies of the RMC Technique 15 1.2.3. Limitation of Previous Studies and Motivation 18 1.3. Purpose of this Work and Contributions 20 Chapter 2. Dual-particle Localization System based on RMC Technique 21 2.1. Characterization of the CLYC Detector 22 2.1.1. Description of the CLYC Detector System 22 2.1.2. Simulation and Experiments on the Gamma-ray Detection 25 2.1.3. Simulation and Experiments on Neutron Detection 38 2.2. RMC System Design 48 2.2.1. Structural Design of RMC System 48 2.2.2. Optimization of Collimator Mask Design 50 2.2.3. Fabrication of RMC Components 67 2.3. Image Reconstruction 74 2.3.1. MLEM based Reconstruction Algorithm 74 2.3.2. Analytical Model of RMC System 77 2.4. Evaluation of the Imaging Capability 82 2.4.1. Data Acquisition and Image Reconstruction 82 2.4.2. Localization of Gamma-ray Sources 84 2.4.3. Localization of Neutron/Gamma-ray Sources 94 2.5. Additional Considerations for Practical Applications 98 Chapter 3. Extension of the Field of View for RMC System 107 3.1. Hemispherical RMC System Design 108 3.1.1. Optimization of Collimator Mask Design 108 3.1.2. Spectroscopic and Mechanical Performance 115 3.2. Evaluation of the Imaging Capability 119 3.2.1. Data Acquisition and Image Reconstruction 119 3.2.2. Localization of Single Gamma-ray Source 121 3.2.3. Localization of Double Gamma-ray Sources 126 3.2.4. Localization of Complex Gamma-ray Environment 132 3.2.5. Imaging Dynamic Range 136 3.3. Additional Considerations for Practical Applications 140 Chapter 4. Conclusion 148 REFERENCES 150Docto

Exposures: Exploring Selves and Landscapes in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

This thesis contributes to understandings of tourism and landscape by detailing how embodied tourist subjects are active producers of knowledge and place, rather than passive consumers. However tourists are not understood as the sole producers and this thesis details a world of active agencies in negotiation and mutual re-configuration. It is based upon an ethnographic study through participant observation of 25 day-trip tours to the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in Ukraine. The participant observation was undertaken as researcher, visitor and tour guide and offers a range of perspectives and accounts. The thesis offers an account of embodied subjectivity and landscape as mutually implicated and in a co-becoming, but a mutuality that is fraught, negotiated and uncertain rather than a given vitality. The thesis is presented as five 'cuts' through this ethnographic material, each broaching specific theoretical and empirical concerns. First, the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is argued to be a site of post-apocalypse in a manner which re-purposes a post-apocalyptic imaginary as a salient political narrative that holds a fidelity to events, pasts and futures and in contrast to Hollywood spectacle and certain climate change prophecies. Secondly the thesis examines practices of meaning-making in the ruins of Pripyat, drawing on theories that highlight material, embodied practices of making-sense through encounters with vestiges of other lives. Thirdly it presents a post-phenomenological account of embodied subjectivity. Merleau-Ponty's philosophy of the flesh is examined and, through the work of Luce Irigaray, a re conceptualisation is presented that asserts a necessary passivity of exposure as the predicate for all action and that offers a radical account of the reversibility of the flesh that de-centres the embodied subject. Fourthly the map that accompanies this thesis is presented as a means of examining networks of negotiation with the resistant, wilful, trickster agencies of radiation. Drawing on the work of Bruno Latour and Donna Haraway the thesis focuses on the Geiger counter as a key mediator in practices which assert a topographical account of networked practices in contrast to topological accounts associated with actor-network theory. Finally, the thesis offers a conception of difference and boundary-making practices as performative re-configurations where difference is understood not only as produced, rather than given through a priori assumptions of bodily and worldly boundaries, but also as actively productive. The thesis contributes to debates on subjectivity, landscape and knowledge production

Visualizing Fukushima: Determining the grounds for effective visualization of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Disaster

The vast amount of data and information now available in every aspect of modern society, otherwise called big data, has become a necessary resource to understand the trends of complex modern society. They have been largely controlled by the government and a few select major global companies and hence, have formed political hegemony. However, data and information is of course a meaningful resource which can change the world when it is open to the public and used appropriately. To use the resource appropriately, Information visualization is an essential tool since it enables the finding of valuable trends amongst the large volume of data set and information. However, visualizations often lead to misunderstandings due to the various kinds of data and information and different possible interpretations depending on the diverse background of the people that are considering these visualizations. Moreover, these results are likely to have a negative impact on the world. Therefore, it is necessary to study the understanding of the visualization according to the background of the viewer. In this context, this research investigated how visualizations of the Fukushima disaster in online newspapers are understood by people from various backgrounds such as their nationality, age, etc. The reason for studying the Fukushima disaster is that the characteristics of data, information, and visualization surrounding this one event are very similar to those of the contemporary world. This disaster needs to be understood with a wide range of data and information due to its multidimensional aspects such as politics, economy, society, environment, technology, etc. and so visualization is an essential tool to assist in that process. In addition, there is also the political hegemony of the Japanese government, and non-governmental organizations and the general public surrounding data and information. Still further, there are many problems which can be solved by using data and information as well (i.e. radiation contamination, present situations of evacuees, distribution of food from Fukushima, etc.). This one incident is therefore useful as a reflection of society in general, and from which one can understand the use of data and visualization in macroscopic modern society. The reason for studying the visualization of online newspapers is that its main users are the general public. In addition, the most traditional and basic media format among the various visualizations’ types in online newspapers is useful for sharing and spreading. In fact, the visualizations based on such type have been widely and actively shared through online media in relation to the Fukushima disaster. In particular, studying how visualization is understood by the general public from various backgrounds is one of the most fundamental and significant areas in this field. This is because visualization has been used as a kind of universal language which transcends borders and boundaries across many people. Furthermore, the general public is the most direct subject that can change the world by understanding the given information and data through visualization. It is, therefore, important to look through their eyes and study their visualization use and understanding. This study has collected many visual instances which have represented the data and information of the Fukushima event in order to analyze their components and to explore their understanding-related effects. The collected cases comprise of 236 visualizations used in online newspapers from 25 countries. These are countries where the radioactive fallout from Chernobyl and Fukushima has been detected by the IAEA and the CTBTO. This study devised a framework to analyze the collected visual instances as well as to explore the principles in which understanding of visualization works. The framework is composed of several categories including a) source of data and information; b) main topic and purpose of visualization; and c) representation methods such as representational keys, types of visualization, metonymical and metaphorical expression. The framework was used not only in the analysis of collected visualization instances but also in the overall evaluation of understanding effects. This study constructed visual materials by selecting predominant visualization forms in accordance with the result of the analysis. To conduct the interview, this study used semi-structured interview as the main methodology. This is because it was necessary to listen to the reasons for the different interpretations depending on the diverse backgrounds of the viewers. Thus, I designed a questionnaire composed of visual materials and open-ended questions which asked as to the understanding effects of visualization. The open-ended questions related to the reliabilities of the data sources of visualization, the level of understanding and the emotional impact of visualization, as well as the degrees of influence and change of perspective by those factors. The 113 participants who I encountered by random sampling were residents of Seoul, a major capital city which is close to the disaster area and in which many disaster-related issues have been often reported. The results of the interviews were analyzed according to categories based on the participants' various backgrounds, i.e. region; age; whether or not the event still matters to them and their reasons for taking this position; and their existing perspectives on this event. In addition, by using the designed framework, this research also explored the characteristics of the visual syntax in the visualizations which enabled such effects and changes. As a result of the study, there were various understanding effects according to various backgrounds and the categories of those. Put another way, the diverse backgrounds resulted in: various degrees of reliability on the source of data and information; diverse level of understanding of the components in visual syntax; various degrees of emotional stimulation which is a subsequent effect of understanding; and changes of perspectives. Nevertheless such effects were higher among the participants who were close to the impact of the catastrophe; whose nationalities were represented as influenced regions in visualizations; and those who had evident interests or concerns and the reasons for those. Finally, this study provided guidelines for the field of the practice of visualization. In addition, it showed the possibility that visualization can work in a sociopolitical movement; and that the findings of this research can work seamlessly in combination with the principles of visualizations based on advanced technologies. Above all, this research is valuable in that it discovered the performance process and the consequences of visualization, which enabled these possibilities by investigating the understanding resulting from visualization according to the various backgrounds of many different people

Assessment of Environmental Radioactivity and Radiation for Human Health Risk

Ten years have passed since the nuclear accident occurred in Fukushima, Japan, following the Great East Japan earthquake. Thereafter, many people around the world have been concerned about the risks posed by radiation. They still believe that even a small amount of radiation exposure will affect human health. In reality, however, there are many natural radionuclides in the environment, which emit a variety of types of radiation. Although it is well known that there is a positively linear relationship between acute radiation exposure and cancer risk in atomic bomb survivors, the risk of chronic radiation exposure due to natural radionuclides cannot be well explained to people who have lived in high-background radiation areas for many generations. Therefore, more studies in this research field are required to obtain new scientific findings. In order to promote further scientific activities, it will be the best for us to understand the current status of this field by summarizing what we have apprehended so far. This Special Issue will highlight measurement data, methodologies, radiation biology, and risk assessment related to radiation

Across disciplinary boundaries towards a sustainable life: psychodynamic reflection on human behaviour ; dedicated with eternal gratitude and in high esteem to Prof. Dr. Rainer Fuchs

Contents: Introduction: Inga Krättli: Long-term Responsibility for a Sustainable Life: Introductory Panel Session and Roundtable Discussion (15-22); Part 1: On Organisations and Philosophies of Development: Isolde M. Schönstein: Die Verantwortung der Kirchen für nachhaltige Entwicklung (25-33); Emil Brix: Zivilgesellschaft als Chance für die Demokratie (35-42); Michal Sicinski: Ecology and Sustainable Development within a General Social Theory: Old and New Approaches (43-52); Part 2: On Higher Education and Cases of Institution Building: Norbert Derner: Mutual Relationships of Personal Interests and the Evolution of Complex Social Systems (55-59); R. Garleja, I. Kerpe: Innovative Changes in the Social Demand for Lifelong Education (61-66); Richard J. Bartak: Bioakademie - Bildungsprojekt zum ökologischen Landbau in der Tschechischen Republik (67-74); Vijaya Sherry Chand, Elmar A. Stuhler and Sasi Misra: The Fachhochschule System of Higher Education: University of Applied Sciences, Landshut and University of Applied Sciences, Freising-Weihenstephan (75-86); Part 3: Interdisciplinary Studies on National Parks, Ecotourism and Investment: Jan W. Dobrowolski: An Interdisciplinary Study of, and Education for, the Sustainable Development of National Park Regions in Poland and a New Concept of Sound Tourism Management applied to the Cinque Terre National Park in Italy (89-100); Aleksandra Wagner, Jan W. Dobrowolski, Maria Zielinska: Ecotourism as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Specially Protected Regions (101-108); Philippos Nicolopoulos: The Large Scale Investments in Alternative Tourism and Sustainable Development: The Case of Crete and Arcadia (109-121); Part 4: Living Space Resources, Evaluation of Raw Materials, Agricultural and Food Policy: Drago Muvrin: Sustainable Development through Research and Learning. Sustainable Development and Habitation. An Approach to the Use of Living Space Resources (125-136); Ingeborg Bauer: Basic Principles of the Bavarian Agricultural Policy and its Contribution to Sustainable Development (137-142); Aija Melngaile: Global Aspects of Food Chain Development (143-149); Richard J. Bartak: Evaluating the Use of Raw Materials for Food Production from Economic, Ecological, Ethical and Social Points of View (151-162); Part 5: International Agricultural Research for Development: Sabine Homann, Andre van Rooyen, Thinah Moyo and Zivayi Nengomasha: Strengthening Livestock Market Flows and Feeding Practices for Improved Livelihoods in Southern Zimbabwe (165-173); Sabine Homann, Barbara Rischkowsky, Jörg Steinbach, Michael Kirk: Towards Endogenous Development: Borana Pastoralists' Response to Environmental and Institutional Changes (175-182); Sabine Homann, Barbara Rischkowsky, Jörg Steinbach: Herd Mobility Leads the Way for Sustainable Pastoral Development: The Case of Borana Rangelands, Southern Ethiopia (183-194); Part 6: Aspects of Eco-Design and Development, Innovation as well as Renewable Energy Sources: Marion Hersh: Ecodesign for All: Principles and Practice (197-216); Jozica Knez-Riedl: Developing a Sustainable/Holistic Firm (217-225); Majda Bastic: Analysis of Slovenian New Products from Environmental Viewpoint (227-234); Jan Fiedler: The Economics of Renewable Energy Sources in the Czech Republic (235-240); Part 7: Technological Issues and Opportunities: Zinaida Klestova, Alexander Makarenko, Eugene Samorodov: Geoinformational Systems in society Transformation. System Analysis and Transregional Infrastructure (243-250); T. Abadjieva: Effect of Solar Radiation on Materials and Design of Buildings in Botswana (251-258); Vera Vokolkova: Road Transport and its Contribution to Global Warming with Special Regards to Developing Countries (259-269); Dana Wenscheova: Transportation and Environment in the City of Brno (271-275); Antonin Kremr: The Modrice Project - Reconstruction and Intensification of the City Waste Water Treatment Plant in Brno (277-280); Part 8: Latvian Processes and Methodologies: I. Skards, J. Raipulis, I. Karlsone, V. Strazdina: Why Have Suicide Rates in Baltic States Increased after Restoration of Independence after 1990 (283-296); Ilmars Skards, Jekabs Raipulis, Ilga Karlsone: Demographic Situation in Latvia and the Conditions which Limit it (297-310); A. Goldsteins: State Forest Certification Activities in Latvia (311-315); Part 9: Our New Enemy: Timi Ecimovic: The Climate Change System (319-334); Melanie Thun: "Shishmaref Must Yield" (335-336); Werner Zeppenfeld: Tuvalu: An Island Nation Cables SOS (337); Part 10: Possible Follow up Studies: Rainer Fuchs, Shalini Misra: Need and Possibility for Analysing Human Motivation Potential - Related to Sustainability (341-363); Rainer Fuchs: Goal-oriented Action: The Interaction of Process Components in Terms of Cybernetic Theory (365-380); Elmar A. Stuhler: The Usefulness of Action Psychology for Multipurpose Agribusiness (381-393); Elmar A. Stuhler: Retrospect and Prospect (395-400)

Друга міжнародна конференція зі сталого майбутнього: екологічні, технологічні, соціальні та економічні питання (ICSF 2021). Кривий Ріг, Україна, 19-21 травня 2021 року

Second International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social and Economic Matters (ICSF 2021). Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, May 19-21, 2021.Друга міжнародна конференція зі сталого майбутнього: екологічні, технологічні, соціальні та економічні питання (ICSF 2021). Кривий Ріг, Україна, 19-21 травня 2021 року