256 research outputs found
Sympatric speciation in an age-structured population living on a lattice
A square lattice is introduced into the Penna model for biological aging in
order to study the evolution of diploid sexual populations under certain
conditions when one single locus in the individual's genome is considered as
identifier of species. The simulation results show, after several generations,
the flourishing and coexistence of two separate species in the same
environment, i.e., one original species splits up into two on the same
territory (sympatric speciation). As well, the mortalities obtained are in a
good agreement with the Gompertz law of exponential increase of mortality with
age.Comment: 5 pages including 3 encapsulated postscript (*.eps) figures; To
appear in European Physical Journal
The Penna Model of Biological Aging
This review deals with computer simulation of biological ageing, particularly
with the Penna model of 1995.Comment: 16-page invited review submitted to Bioinformatics and Biology
Insight
Catastrophic senescence and semelparity in the Penna aging model
The catastrophic senescence of the Pacific salmon is among the initial tests
used to validate the Penna aging model. Based on the mutation accumulation
theory, the sudden decrease in fitness following reproduction may be solely
attributed to the semelparity of the species. In this work, we report other
consequences of mutation accumulation. Contrary to earlier findings, such
dramatic manifestation of aging depends not only on the choice of breeding
strategy but also on the value of the reproduction age, R, and the mutation
threshold, T. Senescence is catastrophic when . As the organism's
tolerance for harmful genetic mutations increases, the aging process becomes
more gradual. We observe senescence that is threshold dependent whenever T>R.
That is, the sudden drop in survival rate occurs at age equal to the mutation
threshold value
Phase Transition in Sexual Reproduction and Biological Evolution
Using Monte Carlo model of biological evolution we have discovered that
populations can switch between two different strategies of their genomes'
evolution; Darwinian purifying selection and complementing the haplotypes. The
first one is exploited in the large panmictic populations while the second one
in the small highly inbred populations. The choice depends on the crossover
frequency. There is a power law relation between the critical value of
crossover frequency and the size of panmictic population. Under the constant
inbreeding this critical value of crossover does not depend on the population
size and has a character of phase transition. Close to this value sympatric
speciation is observed.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
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