Narrowband delay tolerant protocols for WSN applications. Characterization and selection guide

This article focuses on delay tolerant protocols for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications, considering both established and new protocols. We obtained a comparison of their characteristics by implementing all of them on an original platform for network simulation, and by testing their behavior on a common test-bench. Thereafter, matching the requirements linked to each application with the performances achieved in the test-bench, allowed us to define an application oriented protocol selection guide

Implementation of Epidemic Routing with IP Convergence Layer in ns-3

We present the Epidemic routing protocol implementation in ns-3. It is a full-featured DTN protocol in that it supports the message abstraction and store-and-haul behavior. We compare the performance of our Epidemic routing ns-3 implementation with the existing implementation of Epidemic in the ONE simulator, and discuss the differences

Routing in a many-to-one communication scenario in a realistic VDTN

In this paper, we evaluate and compare the performance of different routing protocols in a many-to-one communication within a Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network (VDTN). Seven groups with three stationary sensor nodes sense the temperature, humidity and wind speed and send these data to a stationary destination node that collect them for statistical and data analysis purposes. Vehicles moving in Tirana city roads in Albania during the opportunistic contacts will exchange the sensed data to destination node. The simulations are conducted with the Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator. For the simulations we considered two different scenarios where the distance of the source nodes from the destination is short and long. For both scenarios the effect of node density, ttl and node movement model is evaluated. The performance is analyzed using delivery probability, overhead ratio, average latency, average number of hops and average buffer time metrics. The simulation results show that the increase of node density increases the delivery probability for all protocols and both scenarios, and better results are achieved when shortest-path map-based movement model is used. The increase of ttl slightly affects the performance of all protocols. By increasing the distance between source nodes and destination node, delivery probability is decreased almost 10% for all protocols, the overhead for sprayandwait protocol does not change, but for other protocols is slightly increased and the average number of hops and average latency is increased.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The Evolution of a DTN Routing Protocol - PRoPHETv2

Research within Delay- and Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTN) has evolved into a mature research area. PRoPHET is a routing protocol for DTNs that was developed when DTN research was in its infancy and which has been studied by many. In this paper we investigate how the protocol can evolve to meet new challenges that has been identified through research and practical experience. We propose some minor modifications to the routing metric cal- culations done in PRoPHET which has potential to alleviate some issues and improve the performance of the protocol. Using these modifications, we define an updated version of the protocol called PRoPHETv2. We run simulations to verify the operation of the protocol and compare its performance against the original version of the protocol as well as some other routing protocols. The evalua- tions are done using both traces from an existing DTN deployment and a synthetic mobility model. Since the basic mechanisms of the protocol remain the same, migrating existing implementations to the new version of PRoPHET is possible with limited effort

Geographic Centroid Routing for Vehicular Networks

A number of geolocation-based Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) routing protocols have been shown to perform well in selected simulation and mobility scenarios. However, the suitability of these mechanisms for vehicular networks utilizing widely-available inexpensive Global Positioning System (GPS) hardware has not been evaluated. We propose a novel geolocation-based routing primitive (Centroid Routing) that is resilient to the measurement errors commonly present in low-cost GPS devices. Using this notion of Centroids, we construct two novel routing protocols and evaluate their performance with respect to positional errors as well as traditional DTN routing metrics. We show that they outperform existing approaches by a significant margin.Comment: 6 page