A Formal Measure of Machine Intelligence

A fundamental problem in artificial intelligence is that nobody really knows what intelligence is. The problem is especially acute when we need to consider artificial systems which are significantly different to humans. In this paper we approach this problem in the following way: We take a number of well known informal definitions of human intelligence that have been given by experts, and extract their essential features. These are then mathematically formalised to produce a general measure of intelligence for arbitrary machines. We believe that this measure formally captures the concept of machine intelligence in the broadest reasonable sense.Comment: 8 two-column page

Emotional intelligence: an exploration of the construct in adolescents

Emotional intelligence is an emerging psychological construct with varying definitions, measures, and applications. According to the ability model of emotional intelligence, the construct can be defined as the set of abilities that explain how we perceive, understand, and express our emotions and those of others. Research with adults shows preliminary evidence for the discriminant validity of the construct from general intelligence, personality, and well-being and positive affect, but little research has been conducted which critically examines the construct amongst adolescents. This study explored the construct with adolescents by testing the discriminant validity of emotional intelligence scores with general intelligence, personality and well-being. The study involved adolescent students (N = 29) from a regional Australian high school aged 12 – 17 years (M = 14.5, SD = 1.2). The Shipley Institute of Living Scale (a measure of IQ), a new performance-based measure of emotional intelligence – the Mayer Salovey Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test: Youth Version (MSCEIT:YV), a 50-item pool of personality items related to the Big-Five Personality Factors as found on the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) on the IPIP website, and, the Personal Wellbeing Index – School Children (PWI-SC) were administered in the above order. Surprisingly, no significant results were found for the multiple correlations between emotional intelligence and general intelligence, personality and well-being. However, the study had low power (Power = .38), and so the results should be interpreted with caution. To conclude, it would appear that emotional intelligence, as measured by the MSCEIT:YV, is independent and distinct from general intelligence, personality and well-being, which is in contrast to the adult research which shows a slight but definite overlap with these constructs and emotional intelligence

Identifying the underlying dimensions of teachers\u27 emotional intelligence

Within the area of educational research that has its focus on individual differences, the concept of emotional intelligence and its study in relation to the professional lives of teachers has raised considerable interest over the past decade. This article reports on data from a new measure of emotional intelligence specifically related to situations in the teaching environment. The four underlying dimensions that are identified in this study appear to be a more relevant way of characterising emotional intelligence for those in the teaching profession than other conceptualisations of emotional intelligence. The article concludes with an examination of the contention that emotional intelligence is strongly connected to effective teaching practice<br /

Universal Intelligence: A Definition of Machine Intelligence

A fundamental problem in artificial intelligence is that nobody really knows what intelligence is. The problem is especially acute when we need to consider artificial systems which are significantly different to humans. In this paper we approach this problem in the following way: We take a number of well known informal definitions of human intelligence that have been given by experts, and extract their essential features. These are then mathematically formalised to produce a general measure of intelligence for arbitrary machines. We believe that this equation formally captures the concept of machine intelligence in the broadest reasonable sense. We then show how this formal definition is related to the theory of universal optimal learning agents. Finally, we survey the many other tests and definitions of intelligence that have been proposed for machines.Comment: 50 gentle page

Test of Personal IntelligenceMini-12 (TOPI MINI-12): Brief Manual and Test (9th Edition)

Personal intelligence can be defined as the capacity to reason about personality and to use personality and personal information to enhance one’s thoughts, plans, and life experience (Mayer, 2008, p. 209). It is a “hot” intelligence in the sense of operating on information that is personally relevant and of importance to the individual. The gold standard for measuring intelligences is through the use of ability scales. The Test of Personal Intelligence (TOPI), a 134-item ability measure, has been developed over three versions (1.0, 1.1., and 1.2) to test the existence of personal intelligence and to provide for its measurement (Mayer, Panter & Caruso, 2012)

Trait Emotional Intelligence and Personality: Gender-Invariant Linkages Across Different Measures of the Big Five.

This study investigated if the linkages between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) and the Five-Factor Model of personality were invariant between men and women. Five English-speaking samples (N = 307-685) of mostly undergraduate students each completed a different measure of the Big Five personality traits and either the full form or short form of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). Across samples, models predicting global TEIQue scores from the Big Five were invariant between genders, with Neuroticism and Extraversion being the strongest trait EI correlates, followed by Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Openness. However, there was some evidence indicating that the gender-specific contributions of the Big Five to trait EI vary depending on the personality measure used, being more consistent for women. Discussion focuses on the validity of the TEIQue as a measure of trait EI and its psychometric properties, more generally