Lexical and Semantic Field of Forms of Address and Greetings in 17TH -19TH c. French Fiction and the Ways of its Rendering into Ukrainian

The article deals with the discussion of lexical and semantic field of greeting and forms of address in French based on the literary works examples of the 17th – 19th c. and ways of their rendering into Ukrainian. This article provides a comparative analysis of lexical and semantic characteristics of French linguistic clichés used in greetings in the 17th – 19th c. and highlights lexical and grammatical specificities of their translation into Ukrainian. The study is based on the following methods: translation analysis, comparative linguistic analysis, descriptive and comparative method, continuous sampling, and generalization. The article singles out the translation techniques used by the translator in order to achieve adequate reproduction of the lexical and semantic field of forms greetings and address in the translated works of French writers. According to the study results, the most common methods of rendering lexical units of the field of forms of address and greetings are direct correspondences, descriptive translation, and the use of various translation transformations, caused by differences in linguistic clichés, in order to achieve translation adequacy

Parlez-vous cyber ?

The development of new technologies forces their users to employ the language forms which ensure quick and effective forms of communication in the cyberspace. A specific Internet argot is created both at the lexical and morpho-syntactic level. The aim of the article Do you speak "cyber"? is an overview, typology and the analysis of basic lexical forms used by the French Internet chat-users. It is an attempt to look at the French cyber-speech in the context of linguistics and glottodidactics

Parlez-vous cyber ?

The development of new technologies forces their users to employ the language forms which ensure quick and effective forms of communication in the cyberspace. A specific Internet argot is created both at the lexical and morpho-syntactic level. The aim of the article Do you speak "cyber"? is an overview, typology and the analysis of basic lexical forms used by the French Internet chat-users. It is an attempt to look at the French cyber-speech in the context of linguistics and glottodidactics

Capturing lexical variation in MT evaluation using automatically built sense-cluster inventories

The strict character of most of the existing Machine Translation (MT) evaluation metrics does not permit them to capture lexical variation in translation. However, a central issue in MT evaluation is the high correlation that the metrics should have with human judgments of translation quality. In order to achieve a higher correlation, the identification of sense correspondences between the compared translations becomes really important. Given that most metrics are looking for exact correspondences, the evaluation results are often misleading concerning translation quality. Apart from that, existing metrics do not permit one to make a conclusive estimation of the impact of Word Sense Disambiguation techniques into MT systems. In this paper, we show how information acquired by an unsupervised semantic analysis method can be used to render MT evaluation more sensitive to lexical semantics. The sense inventories built by this data-driven method are incorporated into METEOR: they replace WordNet for evaluation in English and render METEOR’s synonymy module operable in French. The evaluation results demonstrate that the use of these inventories gives rise to an increase in the number of matches and the correlation with human judgments of translation quality, compared to precision-based metrics

The Kicktionary: A Multilingual Resource of the Language of Football

This paper presents the Kicktionary, a multilingual (English — German - French) electronic lexical resource of the language of football. It explains how a corpus of football match reports was analysed according to the FrameNet and WordNet approaches and how the result of this analysis is presented to a dictionary user via a websit

Reducing lexical complexity as a tool to increase text accessibility for children with dyslexia

International audienceLexical complexity plays a central role in readability, particularly for dyslexic children and poor readers because of their slow and laborious decoding and word recognition skills. Although some features to aid readability may be common to many languages (e.g., the majority of 'easy' words are of low frequency), we believe that lexical complexity is mainly language-specific. In this paper, we define lexical complexity for French and we present a pilot study on the effects of text simplification in dyslexic children. The participants were asked to read out loud original and manually simplified versions of a standardized French text corpus and to answer comprehension questions after reading each text. The analysis of the results shows that the simplifications performed were beneficial in terms of reading speed and they reduced the number of reading errors (mainly lexical ones) without a loss in comprehension. Although the number of participants in this study was rather small (N=10), the results are promising and contribute to the development of applications in computational linguistics

Small clause results revisited

The main purpose of this paper is to show that argument structure constructions like complex telic path of motion constructions (John walked to the store) or complex resultative constructions (The dog barked the chickens awake) are not to be regarded as "theoretical entities" (Jackendoff (1997b); Goldberg (1995)). As an alternative to these semanticocentric accounts, I argue that their epiphenomenal status can be shown iff we take into account some important insights from three syntactically-oriented works: (i) Hoekstra's (1988, 1992) analysis of SC R, (ii) Hale & Keyser's (1993f.) configurational theory of argument structure, and (iii) Mateu & Rigau’s (1999; i.p.) syntactic account of Talmy's (1991) typological distinction between 'satellite framed languages' (e.g., English, German, Dutch, etc.) and 'verb-framed languages' (e.g., Catalan, Spanish, French, etc.). In particular, it is argued that the formation of the abovementioned constructions involves a conflation process of two different syntactic argument structures, this process being carried out via a 'generalized transformation'. Accordingly, the so-called 'lexical subordination process' (Levin & Rapoport (1988)) is argued to involve a syntactic operation, rather than a semantic one. Due to our assuming that the parametric variation involved in the constructions under study cannot be explained in purely semantic terms (Mateu & Rigau (1999)), Talmy's (1991) typological distinction is argued to be better stated in lexical syntactic terms