78 research outputs found

    Using Axiomatic Design for the Development of Product Configuration Systems

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    In order to meet a wide range of customer requirements in product development, a high degree of individualization is necessary today, which can be achieved with product configuration systems. Knowledge-based CAD models are a useful tool for implementing such configurators, but they are significantly more complex to develop than conventional parametric CAD models. To master this complexity, this article examines the use of the axiomatic design approach for the development of a configurator for a skip loader. In combination with the parameter space matrix, an application-oriented methodology is derived which is suitable for the development of similar configuration systems

    Interactive Geometric Configuration Using Sketch-Based CAD Models

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    Knowledge-based geometry models reduce variant design to the input of parameter values. Especially knowledge-based CAD models that incorporate geometrical data and implemented explicit knowledge offer additional possibilities. One is interactive drag-and-drop control of geometric features. This poses new requirements for the setup of CAD models as each geometric constraint, dimension and 3D feature contributes to the variability of the model. In this paper, the authors give methodological guidance to such modeling tasks by extending the CommonKADS approach with a correlation model for CAD model entities. The guidelines are visualized for the creation of an interactive, configurable steel construction model

    Interopérabilité et partage de connaissances

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    National audienceL'interopérabilité vise à accroître la capacité de systèmes et d'organisations hétérogènes à coordonner leurs activités de manière efficace. A travers six articles sélectionnés par leur qualité mais aussi leur complémentarité, ce numéro spécial établit des liens multiples entre les problématiques d'interopérabilité et de partage de connaissances. Il constitue ainsi une invitation à l'interaction entre différentes communautés scientifiques dans un but d'enrichissement mutuel

    Analysis reuse exploiting taxonomical information and belief assignment in industrial problem solving

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    To take into account the experience feedback on solving complex problems in business is deemed as a way to improve the quality of products and processes. Only a few academic works, however, are concerned with the representation and the instrumentation of experience feedback systems. We propose, in this paper, a model of experiences and mechanisms to use these experiences. More specifically, we wish to encourage the reuse of already performed expert analysis to propose a priori analysis in the solving of a new problem. The proposal is based on a representation in the context of the experience of using a conceptual marker and an explicit representation of the analysis incorporating expert opinions and the fusion of these opinions. The experience feedback models and inference mechanisms are integrated in a commercial support tool for problem solving methodologies. The results obtained to this point have already led to the definition of the role of ‘‘Rex Manager’’ with principles of sustainable management for continuous improvement of industrial processes in companies

    VODRE: Visualisation of drools rules execution

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    Knowledge-based Systems and Expert Systems, in particular, are expensive to build and difficult to validate and debug because of their complexity and dynamism. Therefore, it is not easy for knowledge engineer and domain expert to identify the gaps and mistakes in knowledge base. Unit testing is unable to cover validation process at all stages, in many cases manual thorough review of decision process is needed. In this paper we spot main approaches to validation and verification issue and describe a component that helps to debug a knowledge base by visualising execution of rules that derive a particular result. This component is developed for Knowledge-based Systems built on Drools Platform1 and we demonstrate application of this component in a knowledge-based engineering system for structural optical design

    Modeling and simulation applications with potential impact in drug development and patient care

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    Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Model-based drug development has become an essential element to potentially make drug development more productive by assessing the data using mathematical and statistical approaches to construct and utilize models to increase the understanding of the drug and disease. The modeling and simulation approach not only quantifies the exposure-response relationship, and the level of variability, but also identifies the potential contributors to the variability. I hypothesized that the modeling and simulation approach can: 1) leverage our understanding of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) relationship from pre-clinical system to human; 2) quantitatively capture the drug impact on patients; 3) evaluate clinical trial designs; and 4) identify potential contributors to drug toxicity and efficacy. The major findings for these studies included: 1) a translational PK modeling approach that predicted clozapine and norclozapine central nervous system exposures in humans relating these exposures to receptor binding kinetics at multiple receptors; 2) a population pharmacokinetic analysis of a study of sertraline in depressed elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease that identified site specific differences in drug exposure contributing to the overall variability in sertraline exposure; 3) the utility of a longitudinal tumor dynamic model developed by the Food and Drug Administration for predicting survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients, including an exploration of the limitations of this approach; 4) a Monte Carlo clinical trial simulation approach that was used to evaluate a pre-defined oncology trial with a sparse drug concentration sampling schedule with the aim to quantify how well individual drug exposures, random variability, and the food effects of abiraterone and nilotinib were determined under these conditions; 5) a time to event analysis that facilitated the identification of candidate genes including polymorphisms associated with vincristine-induced neuropathy from several association analyses in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients; and 6) a LASSO penalized regression model that predicted vincristine-induced neuropathy and relapse in ALL patients and provided the basis for a risk assessment of the population. Overall, results from this dissertation provide an improved understanding of treatment effect in patients with an assessment of PK/PD combined and with a risk evaluation of drug toxicity and efficacy

    GREEN INNOVATIONS IN FLOTATION, PROTEIN SEPARATION, FLUE GAS REUSE, NEW PROCESS SYSTEMS, SULFIDE PRECIPITATION, CHROMIUM REMOVAL, AND TANNERY WASTE TREATMENT

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    Wang, LK and Wang, MHS (2022). Green innovations in flotation, protein separation, flue gas reuse, new process systems, sulfide precipitation, chromium removal, and tannery waste treatment. In: “Evolutionary Progress in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM)”, Wang, LK and Tsao, HP (eds.), 4 (7E), STEAM-VOL4-NUM7E-JULY2022. ISBN 978-0-9890870-3-2. 119 pages. July 2022., Lenox Institute Press, Massachusetts, USA.............ABSTRACT: This publication reviews the technical information from UNIDO, USEPA and LIWT, and covers the following subjects concerning the leather tanning industry: industry description, subcategories, tannery operations, pollutants, effluent discharge limitations, Best Practical Control Technology Achievable (BPCTA), Best Available Technology Economically Achievable (BATEA), current waste treatment systems, environmental problems, process improvements, new process equipment, innovative process systems, independent PC WW Treatment System, DAF, DAFF, combined DAF-DAFF, dissolved protein analysis and removal, BPCTA and BATEA examples, dissolved carbon dioxide flotation (DCDF), carbonation, flue gas recycle, GHG reduction, ferrous sulfide precipitation process for removing toxic sulfides, ferrous sulfide sludge recycle for removing toxic chromium (III) , physicochemical sequencing batch reactor (PC-SBR); biological flotation aerobic-anoxic contact stabilization process, membrane biological flotation reactor (MFBR), tannery discharge limitations, and glossary. This publication is one of the authors' memoirs. The researchers around the world are invited to investigate the green innovations explored by LIWT for further improvement

    Review article : a systematic review and future prospects of flood vulnerability indices

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    Despite the increasing body of research on flood vulnerability, a review of the methods used in the construction of vulnerability indices is still missing. Here, we address this gap by providing a state-of-art account on flood vulnerability indices, highlighting worldwide trends and future research directions. A total of 95 peer-reviewed articles published between 2002–2019 were systematically analyzed. An exponential rise in research effort is demonstrated, with 80 % of the articles being published since 2015. The majority of these studies (62.1 %) focused on the neighborhood followed by the city scale (14.7 %). Min–max normalization (30.5 %), equal weighting (24.2 %), and linear aggregation (80.0 %) were the most common methods. With regard to the indicators used, a focus was given to socioeconomic aspects (e.g., population density, illiteracy rate, and gender), whilst components associated with the citizen’s coping and adaptive capacity were slightly covered. Gaps in current research include a lack of sensitivity and uncertainty analyses (present in only 9.5 % and 3.2 % of papers, respectively), inadequate or inexistent validation of the results (present in 13.7 % of the studies), lack of transparency regarding the rationale for weighting and indicator selection, and use of static approaches, disregarding temporal dynamics. We discuss the challenges associated with these findings for the assessment of flood vulnerability and provide a research agenda for attending to these gaps. Overall, we argue that future research should be more theoretically grounded while, at the same time, considering validation and the dynamic aspects of vulnerability

    Collecting En Route: An Exploration of the Ethnographic Collection of Gertrude Emily Benham

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    Included at the back of the thesis is a publication on a review of an exhibition: 'Connecting with Gertrude' Journal of Museum Ethnography Vol 25 (2012)pp.183-188In the second half of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth century the collecting of objects from colonized countries and their subsequent display in western museums was widespread throughout Western Europe. How and why these collections were made, the processes of collection, and by whom, has only recently begun to be addressed. This thesis is an exploration of the ethnographic collection of Gertrude Emily Benham (1867-1938) who made eight voyages independently around the world from 1904 until 1938, during which time she amassed a collection of approximately eight hundred objects, which she donated to Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery in 1935. It considers how and why she formed her collection and how, as a an amateur and marginalised collector, she can be located within discourses on ethnographic collecting. The thesis is organised by geographical regions in order to address the different contact zones of colonialism as well as to contextualise Benham within the cultural milieu in which she collected and the global collection of objects that she collected. An interdisciplinary perspective was employed to create a dialogue between anthropology, geography, museology, postcolonial and feminist theory to address the complex issues of colonial collecting. Benham is located within a range of intersecting histories: colonialism, travel, collecting, and gender. This study is the first in-depth examination of Benham as a collector and adds to the knowledge and understanding of Benham and her collection in Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery. It contributes to the discourse on ethnographic collectors and collecting and in doing so it acknowledges the agency and contribution of marginal collectors to resituate them as a central and intrinsic component in the formation of the ethnographic museum. In addition, and central to this, is the agency and role of indigenous people in forming ethnographic collections. The thesis offers a foundation for further research into women ethnographic collectors and a more nuanced and inclusive account of ethnographic collecting
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