Internationalization strategies of the companies via e-commerce

E-commerce eliminated all national borders between countries and provided a new dimension to the internationalization process. Technological developments have made the study of electronic commerce in the international environment inevitable. This study highlights the possibilities and challenges of e-commerce and, consequently, the impact of this form of internationalization on company strategy. For the development of an empirical study, five interviews were analyzed with the primary objective of exploring the motivations that led companies to expand online. As the consumer is the leading player in this process, its perspective concerning ecommerce was studied. For this, an online survey was created to analyze the impact of social networks on the consumer's relationship. The results suggest an apparent connection between internationalization strategies and the adaptation of e-commerce. In this study, we conclude that e-commerce is one of the main internationalization strategies.O e-commerce eliminou todas as fronteiras nacionais entre os países e proporcionou uma nova dimensão ao processo de internacionalização. A evolução tecnológica tornou inevitável o estudo do comércio eletrónico no ambiente internacional. Este estudo visa evidenciar as possibilidades e desafios do e-commerce e, consequentemente, o impacto dessa forma de internacionalização na estratégia das empresas. Para o desenvolvimento de um estudo empírico, foram analisadas cinco entrevistas com o objetivo principal de analisar as motivações que levaram as empresas a expandirem online. Como o consumidor é o principal player neste processo, foi estudada a perspetiva do mesmo em relação ao e-commerce. Para isso, foi criado um inquérito online para analisar o impacto das redes sociais na relação com o consumidor. Os resultados sugerem uma conexão aparente entre as estratégias de internacionalização e a adaptação do e-commerce. Neste estudo, podemos verificar que o e-commerce é uma das principais estratégias de internacionalização

Valuation of Tencent Holdings Ltd.

Tencent and Facebook, the two social media behemoths, occupied prominent roles in the technology media in 2017. Tencent has surpassed Facebook in terms of market capitalization for the first time, making it the world's fifth biggest corporation by market capitalisation, after only Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, and Amazon. Tencent's stock price has increased by more than 40% since the beginning of 2020, owing to the favourable epidemic situation and the catalysis of its explosive games. As a result, Tencent's market capitalization has surpassed that of Facebook, making it the world's most well-known social media company for the second time. Aiming to give a helpful investment recommendation, this thesis focuses on the development trend of Tencent, and the company's future prospects.Tencent e Facebook, os dois gigantes dos meios de comunicação social, ocupam papéis proeminentes nos meios tecnológicos em 2017. Tencent ultrapassou o Facebook pela primeira vez em termos de capitalização bolsista, tornando-se a quinta maior empresa do mundo por capitalização de mercado, a seguir apenas à Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, e Amazon. O preço das ações da Tencent aumentou mais de 40% desde o início de 2020, devido à situação epidémica favorável e à catálise dos seus jogos explosivos. Como resultado, a capitalização de mercado da Tencent ultrapassou a do Facebook, tornando-a pela segunda vez na empresa de comunicação social mais conhecida do mundo. Com o objetivo de dar uma proposta de investimento útil, este projeto centra-se na tendência de desenvolvimento de Tencent, e nas perspetivas de futuro da empresa

Monopoly Power in the Electronic Information Industry: Why, and So What?

This law and economics article diagnoses why monopoly power infects so many markets in the electronic media, communications, and information technology industries (collectively the Industry ),and recommends changes to prevailing intellectual property and antitrust doctrines to remedy this problem. The analysis focuses on a single norm -- the maximization of economic value, as defined by standard welfare economic theory. Identifying three distinct functions that operate throughout this otherwise diverse Industry -- authoring, publishing, and distribution -- the article notes that two economic peculiarities characterize most Industry markets: the technical feasibility of non-rivalrous use of digitized information products, and the frequent creative destruction of Industry markets by new technologies and business methods. Using these concepts, the article argues that, while concern surrounding media megamergers is overwrought, certain public policies do significantly constrain economic value creation in the Industry. The article proposes reforming several major legal doctrines and public policies to loosen these constraints, e.g.: (a) reduce the over recognition of copyrights and patents, (b) cease the over enclosure: of the radio spectrum, (c) challenge more frequently nationalizing mergers among local/regional distribution network monopolies, (d) aggressively promote open standards for interconnecting networks and software platforms, and (e) simplify antitrust rules against the cross-market leveraging of monopoly power, including a ban on dominant distribution companies engaging in preferential self-dealing in related markets. The article concedes that such reforms, though also satisfying many non-economic norms, would meet stout political resistance from established Industry firms

Incentives for Quality over Time – The Case of Facebook Applications

We study the market for applications on Facebook, the dominant platform for social networking and make use of a rule change by Facebook by which high-quality applications were rewarded with further opportunities to engage users. We find that the change led to quality being a more important driver of usage while sheer network size became less important. Further, we find that update frequency helps applications maintain higher usage, while generally usage of Facebook applications declines less rapidly with age