The Impact Mechanism of Charismatic Leadership on Individual\u27s Tacit Knowledge Sharing

Drawing upon charismatic leadership and intrinsic motivation theory, we developed a theoretical model to examine the impact mechanism of charismatic leadership on employees’ tacit knowledge sharing intention in a temporary Enterprise Systems learning team. We conducted a survey-based field study to examine the theoretical model and hypotheses. A total of 153 questionnaires were distributed to ERP users of more than 20 subsidiaries of Beidahuang Group in China and 117 valid questionnaires were returned. Results from structural equation modelling analysis suggest that leader charisma has strong influence on psychological safety climate, which in turn has positive impact on individual’s intrinsic motivation and their tacit knowledge sharing intention. Our results unpack the impact mechanism of leader charisma on individual’s knowledge sharing behaviors, and provide guidelines for the team leader to exhibit appropriate leadership traits in order to promote a psychological safety climate and facilitate an effective knowledge sharing of Enterprise Systems

The relationship between knowledge management and leadership: mapping the field and providing future research avenues

Purpose: Effectively handling knowledge is crucial for any organisation in order to survive and prosper in the turbulent environments of the modern era. Leadership is a central element for knowledge creation, acquisition, utilisation and integration processes. Based on these considerations, this study offers an overview of the evolution of the literature regarding the knowledge management-leadership relationship published over the last twenty years. Design/methodology/approach: A bibliometric analysis coupled with a systematic literature review were performed over a dataset of 488 peer-reviewed articles published from 1990 to 2018. Findings: We discovered the existence of four well-polarised clusters with the following thematic focuses: human and relational aspects, systematic and performance aspects, contextual and contingent aspects, and cultural and learning aspects. We then investigated each thematic cluster by reviewing the most relevant contributions within them. Research limitations/implications: Based on the bibliometric analysis and the systematic literature review we developed an interpretative framework aimed at uncovering several promising and little explored research areas, thus suggesting an agenda for future knowledge management-leadership research. Some steps of the paper selection process may have been biased by the interpretation of the researcher. We addressed this concern by performing a multiple human subject reading process whose reliability was confirmed by a Krippendorf’s Alpha coefficient value > 0.80. Originality/value: To our best knowledge, this is the first study to map, systematise and discuss the literature concerned to the topic of the knowledge management-leadership relationship

Ambidexterity in Information Systems Research: Overview of Conceptualizations, Antecedents, and Outcomes

Organizations that are not efficient and innovative today quickly become irrelevant tomorrow. Ambidexterity (i.e., simultaneously conducting two seemingly contradicting activities, such as exploitation and exploration) helps organizations to overcome this challenge and, hence, has become increasingly popular with manifold applications in information systems (IS) research. However, we lack a systematic understanding of ambidexterity research, its research streams, and their future trajectory. Hence, we conduct a systematic literature review on ambidexterity in IS research and identify six distinct research streams that use an ambidexterity lens: IT-enabled organizational ambidexterity, ambidextrous IT capability, ambidexterity in IS development, ambidextrous IS strategy, ambidextrous inter-organizational relationships, and organizational ambidexterity in IS. We present the current state of research in each stream. More so, we comprehensively overview application areas, conceptualizations, antecedents for, and outcomes of ambidexterity. Hence, this study contributes to the emergent theme of ambidexterity in IS research

Decision Making and Behavioral Strategy: The role of regulatory focus in corporate innovation processes

__Abstract__ This dissertation makes use of the behavioral strategy perspective in order to examine a number of constructs pertaining to innovation in corporate settings. In particular, the dissertation consists of four studies; one conceptual and three empirical. The conceptual paper introduces the regulatory focus theory and forms a linkage between an individual’s regulatory focus and motivation towards exploration and exploitation. Furthermore, by means of the Motivation-Ability-Opportunity (MAO) schema, this study also provides insight into the concepts moderating this relationship. The first empirical paper tests the relationship between an individual’s (i.e. manager’s) regulatory focus and activities of exploration and exploitation. Moreover, it takes an initial step in understanding the organizational and contextual antecedents of regulatory focus, and thus, of exploration and exploitation at the individual level. The second empirical study, examines the collective regulatory focus of a management team, and its effects on the exploratory innovation level of the organization unit. Moreover, it investigates three primary organizational coordination mechanisms (i.e. centralization, formalization and connectedness) as a mediator of this relationship. Finally, the last study addresses the gap regarding the lack of knowledge about the positive effects of prevention focus in organizational settings. All in all, the contributions and findings of this study have a number of implications for behavioral strategy theory and practice, and presents areas of future research

Ambidexterity in Information Systems Research: Overview of Conceptualizations, Antecedents, and Outcomes

Organizations that are not efficient and innovative today quickly become irrelevant tomorrow. Ambidexterity (i.e., simultaneously conducting two seemingly contradicting activities, such as exploitation and exploration) helps organizations to overcome this challenge and, hence, has become increasingly popular with manifold applications in information systems (IS) research. However, we lack a systematic understanding of ambidexterity research, its research streams, and their future trajectory. Hence, we conduct a systematic literature review on ambidexterity in IS research and identify six distinct research streams that use an ambidexterity lens: IT-enabled organizational ambidexterity, ambidextrous IT capability, ambidexterity in IS development, ambidextrous IS strategy, ambidextrous inter-organizational relationships, and organizational ambidexterity in IS. We present the current state of research in each stream. More so, we comprehensively overview application areas, conceptualizations, antecedents for, and outcomes of ambidexterity. Hence, this study contributes to the emergent theme of ambidexterity in IS research

Les médias sociaux d’entreprise pour favoriser la maturité numérique

Abstract: Developing their digital maturity is one of the most important goals of contemporary organizations. However, succeeding in this endeavor requires constant changes in the fabric of organizations and within their value-creation processes. Previous studies provided evidence of the benefits of enterprise social media to support value-creation shifts. Hence, exploring the use of enterprise social media to support digital maturity development seems coherent, although underexplored in the extant literature, especially in the context of small organizations. This doctoral research addresses this gap, by studying the use of enterprise social media, an affordable and intuitive technology, to support the development of digital maturity in the context of a small organization. To accomplish this task, we embraced an action research methodology for context understanding and problem-solving. Several data collection techniques were applied, and a template analysis approach supported data analyses, guiding the development of the action research cycles. Our research proposes a theoretical framework in which enterprise social media is likely to trigger different value-creation shifts within the partner organization, supporting the development of a flexible structure to face the challenges of the turbulent digital business environment. The proposed framework is drawn on emergent insights from the action research interventions applied in the context of a small organization. Results suggest that the different forms of value-creation related to the use of enterprise social media platforms supported the partner organization to develop its digital maturity, contributing to the Sociotechnical Systems perspective and the Contingency Theory. Moreover, while describing that technology implementation alone will not advance an organization’s digital maturity, this paper provides managers with insights into how to use enterprise social media as part of their digital maturity strategies, to assess their organizations’ enterprise social media maturity level, and to understand the potential of enterprise social media to create value in the digital business environment.Développer leur maturité numérique est l'un des objectifs les plus importants des entreprises contemporaines. La réussite de cet objectif nécessite des changements constants dans le tissu des organisations et dans leurs processus de création de valeur. Des études antérieures ont démontré les avantages des médias sociaux d'entreprise pour soutenir le changement dans la création de valeur des organisations. Par conséquent, étudier l'utilisation des médias sociaux d'entreprise pour soutenir le développement de la maturité numérique semble cohérent, bien que sous-exploré dans la littérature existante. Pour élargir les connaissances à ce sujet, la présente recherche doctorale vise à comprendre l'utilisation des médias sociaux d'entreprise, une technologie abordable et intuitive pour soutenir le développement de la maturité numérique, dans le cadre d'une petite organisation. La recherche a été menée en s'appuyant sur une méthodologie de recherche-action, afin de bien comprendre le contexte et de soutenir l’organisation partenaire dans ces objectives. Plusieurs techniques de collecte de données ont été employées, et une approche de template analysis a soutenu les analyses de données, guidant le développement des cycles de recherche-action. Notre recherche propose un modèle théorique qui explore l'influence des médias sociaux d'entreprise sur la création de valeur au sein d'une petite organisation. Le cadre théorique proposé a été appliqué dans le contexte de l'organisation partenaire, ce qui nous a permis de constater que les différentes formes de création de valeur liées à l'utilisation des plateformes de médias sociaux d'entreprise ont aidé l'organisation partenaire à développer sa maturité numérique, en ajoutant des contributions aux théories sociotechniques et des contingences. Des contributions managériales de cette recherche incluent des consignes détaillées sur la façon d'utiliser les médias sociaux d'entreprise dans le cadre de leurs stratégies numériques, d'évaluer le niveau de maturité des médias sociaux d'entreprise de leur organisation et de comprendre le potentiel des médias sociaux d'entreprise pour créer de la valeur dans l'environnement numérique d'affaires

Beyond lean manufacturing: the productivity, innovator's and proactivity dilemmas resolved

This dissertation provides direction for the management of exploration in an exploitative context by specifying the theory for a universal model of ambidexterity. Research in ambidexterity centres upon how exploration for the future and exploitation of the present can be achieved simultaneously through the management of innovation. Ambidexterity theory strives to resolve the Productivity and Innovator’s Dilemmas, which assert collectively that exploration is inherently antagonistic to exploitation. The Productivity Dilemma asserts that the organisation and routinisation of processes required for efficient exploitation are incompatible with the flexibility required for exploration. The Innovator’s Dilemma asserts that a focus on exploitation through incremental innovation in a stable environment inhibits exploratory innovation, which leaves an enterprise vulnerable to obsolescence from disruptive innovation. Whilst ambidexterity is an issue that dominates in the literature for innovation management and manufacturing systems, the theory for a unifying framework that reconciles competing approaches is not reported. Moreover, the methods and tools for the execution of ambidexterity require significant development. The candidate contends in this dissertation that the ambidexterity issue is epitomised by Toyota’s announcement in 2007 of its intent to implement transformational innovation (kakushin) in a controlled and historically consistent environment. Toyota is known for its system of “Lean Manufacturing”, which is regarded widely for its high productivity and institutionalised continuous improvement (kaizen). This dissertation gives a new perspective on Lean Manufacturing by its critical evaluation through an interdisciplinary framework of innovation, economic and behavioural criteria. Lean Manufacturing is de-constructed and shown to be a systematic evolution from ordered antecedents, which represent an exploration-exploitation continuum that can be used to reconcile the competing approaches towards ambidexterity. Furthermore, a third dilemma is presented by this dissertation, which acts in concert with the Productivity and Innovator’s Dilemmas and is named by the candidate the “Proactivity Dilemma”. The Proactivity Dilemma asserts that exploratory behaviour is perceived increasingly non-proactive as proactivity in exploitation increases. The candidate uses the insights from their new perspective on Lean Manufacturing to specify the theory for a universal model of ambidexterity. The candidate’s model of ambidexterity encompasses nine core organisational processes, which are categorised by Operations Management, Product Development and Strategic Planning. This dissertation provides comprehensive direction for the simultaneous management of productivity and innovation, from “boardroom” strategy to “shopfloor” tactics

Synergies of firms' innovation dynamic capabilities and information technology: a study of Saudi firms’ innovation performance and practices

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.The ability of firms to innovate has become a cornerstone in the economy of many developed and developing countries. The performance of firms is not exclusively linked to their internal capability. Other external factors, such as technology, globalisation of the market, knowledge, and evolving approaches to value offering, force them to constantly change their approaches to wealth creation. Innovation is vital for firms’ competitive advantage. Hence, a firm with higher innovation prosperity compared to its rivals has a crucial advantage that enables it to compete in local and global markets. However, innovation is a complex phenomenon, and a holistic view is required for a deep understanding of the factors that influence firms’ innovation performance. Day after day, markets are becoming more dynamic, increasing the necessity to understand how such momentum affects innovation performance. With a focus on how they develop strategic routines that enhance their assessment of opportunities and resource-configuration capabilities, firms may better align their products and services with market demands. Using state-of-the-art dynamic-capability theory, this research highlights the routines of firms that influence their abilities to acquire and multiply knowledge and technology consistent with market status, leading to more novel and successful innovative products and processes as well as better economic advantage. This research aims to provide a framework that comprises factors that may influence Saudi firms’ innovation performance. Furthermore, the research aim attempts to understand the impact of information technology on firms’ innovation performance. The research is based on survey data from 203 Saudi firms registered at the Riyadh Chamber of Commerce and Industry. The empirical results suggest that firms may enhance their ability to acquire, assimilate, transform, and exploit knowledge by increasing their breadth of knowledge sources and by internationalizing their searching activities for knowledge and skills. Moreover, both explorative and exploitative innovation strategies, although paradoxes, are significant to increasing firms’ overall innovative performance. Mutually, information technology (IT) plays a critical role in complementing firms’ dynamic capabilities through better provision of IT infrastructure, while IT effectiveness and IT flexibility are vital to increasing firms’ abilities to maintain both long-term and short-term competitiveness

Digitalisaation Ohjaama Strateginen Uusiutuminen Suomalaisissa Valmistavan Teollisuuden Pienissä ja Keskisuurissa Yrityksissä

This thesis aims to answer how Finnish manufacturing SMEs adapt to their changing business environment. The thesis approaches this by studying how these companies sense their business environment and what facilitates seizing opportunities and transforming a company to enable strategic renewal. The thesis also studies how these companies have reacted to the digital change in their environment. Finally the thesis aims to find hindering factors for strategic renewal among these companies. The thesis was made as a qualitative and inductive research with interviewing twenty-five company representatives from twenty-three different Finnish manufacturing SMEs. The analysis of the interview data followed the methodology of Gioia, Corley and Hamilton (2013). The literature review provides existing knowledge about SMEs’ adaption to digitally changing business environments, ambidexterity as a concept to adapt to continuously changing environment and dynamic capabilities as a mechanism for ambidexterity. The literature review provides a comparison point for the findings of this thesis. The main findings show that Finnish manufacturing SMEs utilise their stakeholders’ help to adapt to their business environments. The companies’ top management, especially the CEOs, are facilitating strategic renewal in the companies. The CEOs facilitative role points out in every part of the dynamic capabilities framework. To react to the recent digital changes, the companies have made competitive developments both internally and externally. The companies’ own capabilities and resources were identified as hindering factors for strategic renewal. This thesis provides implications for Finnish manufacturing SMEs to invest in their managers’ leadership skills and education, exploit more their stakeholders, invest in digital technologies, reform business models and internal operation and get rid of unwillingness to change. For Tekes, this thesis suggests to increase its focus on helping SMEs to sense new ideas and help them to create new capabilities and inter-organisational relationships by organising networking and educational events and hiring supports for the companies.Tämän diplomityön tavoite on vastata siihen, kuinka suomalaiset valmistavan teollisuuden pk-yritykset adaptoituvat niiden muuttuvaan liiketoimintaympäristöön. Tämä diplomityö lähestyy tätä tutkimalla, kuinka nämä yritykset aistivat liiketoimintaympäristöään sekä mitkä tekijät fasilitoivat mahdollisuuksiin tarttumista ja yritysten transformaatiota toteuttaakseen strategista uudistumista. Työ tutkii myös kuinka nämä yritykset ovat reagoineet viimeaikaisiin digitaalisiin muutoksiin niiden liiketoimintaympäristössä. Viimeisenä, tämä diplomityö etsii hidastavia tekijöitä strategiselle uusiutumiselle näiden yritysten joukossa. Tämä diplomityö toteutettiin kvalitatiivisena ja induktiivisena tutkimuksena, jossa haastateltiin kahtakymmentäviittä yrityksen edustajaa kahdestakymmenestäkolmesta valmistavan teollisuuden pk-yrityksestä Suomessa. Haastatteludatan analysointi tehtiin Gioian, Corleyn ja Hamiltonin (2013) metodologian mukaisesti. Kirjallisuuskatsaus esittelee olemassa olevaa tietoutta pk-yritysten adaptoitumisesta digitaalisesti muuttuvaan toimintaympäristöön, kaksikätisyydestä jatkuvasti muuttuvan toimintaympäristön adaptoitumisen konseptina sekä dynaamisista kyvykkyyksistä kaksikätisyyden mahdollistavana mekanismina. Kirjallisuuskatsaus luo vertailupohjan tämän diplomityön löydöksille. Päälöydökset osoittavat, että suomalaiset valmistavan teollisuuden pk-yritykset hyödyntävät sidosryhmiensä apua adaptoituakseen liiketoimintaympäristöönsä. Yritysten ylin johto, erityisesti toimitusjohtajat, fasilitoi strategista uusiutumista näissä yrityksissä. Toimitusjohtajien fasilitoiva rooli korostuu kaikissa dynaamisten kyvykkyyksien osissa. Reagoidakseen viimeaikaisiin digitaalisiin muutoksiin, yritykset ovat tehneet kilpailullisia kehityksiä sekä sisäisesti että ulkoisesti. Yritysten omat kyvykkyydet sekä resurssit löydettiin strategista uusiutumista hidastavina tekijöinä. Tämä diplomityö ehdottaa päätelminä suomalaisille valmistavan teollisuuden pk-yrityksille investoida ylimmän johtonsa johtamistaitoihin ja koulutukseen, hyödyntää enemmän sidosryhmiä, investoida digitaalisiin teknologioihin, uudistaa liiketoimintamallit ja sisäiset operaatiot sekä päästää irti muutoksen vastahakoisuudesta. Tekesille tämä diplomityö ehdottaa lisäävää keskittymistä auttaakseen pk-yrityksiä aistimaan mahdollisuuksia sekä auttamaan niitä kehittämään uutta osaamista ja lisäämään yritysten välisiä suhteita organisoimalla verkostoitumis- ja koulutuksellisia tapahtumia sekä palkkausapua yrityksille

La création de valeur des données de l’Industrie 4.0 : une étude empirique dans les manufacturiers québécois

Abstract : Manufacturing companies in developed countries face a digital transformation that is meant to improve their productivity, but also produces a large volume of data. This data will go to waste if it is not valorized by using it to gain actionable insights, for example with business intelligence and analytics. This master’s thesis presents a systematic literature review and a multiple case-study on the subject of Business Intelligence in manufacturing companies. The first article, “Business Intelligence in Industry 4.0: Research opportunities”, present a literature review. Results show a lack of studies on the impacts of business intelligence activities on manufacturing small and medium enterprises. The strategic impacts should be studied, since they are often neglected in favor of the operational impacts such as quality improvement and operating costs reductions. The second article, “Business intelligence value creation: A multiple case study in manufacturing SMEs”, presents an exploration of the factors influencing strategic and operational business values of business intelligence. Results show the limit of the traditional models based on the Resource-Based View of the firm, which overlooks organizational factors that might be more important in smaller organizations. Contingency factors, such as organisational learning, leadership style, and the role of the owner, should be included when studying small and medium enterprises, as in these smaller organizations the lack of resources and the simpler structure affect business value of business intelligence and analytics systems differently than in larger firms. There is an interesting potential for the model suggested in this master’s thesis to understand the factors linked to business value creation in smaller organization, which should be empirically tested with a larger and more diverse sample in a future study.Ce mémoire présente les travaux réalisés dans le cadre de ma maîtrise en Stratégie de l’intelligence d’affaires, de l’École de Gestion de l’Université de Sherbrooke. Il consiste en deux articles. Le premier est une revue de littérature systématique ayant été soumise et acceptées à la 51e édition de Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, qui a eu lieu du 3 au 6 janvier 2018. Il est présenté intégralement au chapitre deux. Le second article, présenté dans sa version longue au chapitre trois, a été soumis à la 7e édition de International Conference on Information Systems, Logistics and Supply Chain qui aura lieu du 8 au 10 juillet 2018. Les notices d’acceptation seront envoyées après la date de dépôt de ce mémoire. Toutes les preuves de soumissions sont présentées dans les annexes de ce mémoire. Les articles ont tous été rédigé par moi, Fanny-Ève Bordeleau, qui a également réalisé toutes les prises de données et les analyses, assistée de mes co-directeurs, les professeurs Elaine Mosconi et Luis Antonio De Santa-Eulalia