8,239 research outputs found
Enabling self, intimacy and a sense of home in dementia
Design and digital technologies to support a sense of self and human relationships for people living with dementia are both urgently needed. We present an enquiry into design for dementia facilitated by a public art commission for an adult mental health unit in a hospital in the UK. The interactive art piece was informed by the notion of personhood in dementia that foregrounds the person's social being and interpersonal relationships as sites where self is maintained and constructed. How clients, clients' family members and staff used the piece is reported and insights related to the notions of home, intimacy, possessions and self are presented. The art piece served as window on both dementia and the institution leading to a number of insights and implications for design
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Beyond handover: supporting awareness for continuous coverage
Abstract Hospitals are required to operate as a continuous system because patient care cannot be temporarily suspended and handover is seen as a key method for enabling this. This paper reports a study of handover in a medical admissions unit. We draw on the notion of awareness as conceptualised within the Computer Supported Cooperative Work literature to explore the role played by a variety of cognitive artifacts in supporting continuous coverage. While such awareness is typically characterised as being ‘effortless’, our study reveals that maintaining awareness in a context such as the medical admissions unit is effortful due to invisible work. We suggest that the notion of awareness is beneficial for exploring the practices of continuous coverage because it moves attention away from the moment of handover, instead encouraging consideration of the variety of practices through which clinicians display their work to, and monitor the work of, colleagues on different shifts. We argue that efforts to support continuous coverage should focus on improving awareness by increasing the visibility of information
Retenção e isolamento retratados através de imagens publicadas no Twitter: quais são as implicações para os profissionais de saúde?
Objective: To map areas of discusión about use of seclusion and restraint in healthcare, as expressed in motifs posted on Twitter. Materials and method: We adopted a qualitative approach with an archival and cross-sectional observational design. 188 images from Twitter postings were analyzed. Results: Five categories were identified: Informative and educational messages; Equipment as artifacts; Spatiality; The restrained subjects; Sociopolitical connotations of restraint. Conclusions: Based on our results we conclude that restraint- and seclusion images posted on Twitter included several aspects; the intention to educate others, show the spatiality in relation to restraint, imagining characterized by objects and persons, and a sociopolitical connotation. This in turn means that Twitter posts offer nurses a chance to engage in social marketing and connoting an ethical dimension to a person associated with measures used to exert power over others. This is because communication surrounding certain controversial issues in healthcare is free from hierarchies on Twitter.Objetivo: Determinar las áreas de discusión sobre la aplicación del aislamiento y restricción en el campo de la salud, teniendo como base los motivos publicados en Twitter. Materiales y métodos: En la investigación se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo basado en un diseño observacional transversal y de archivo. Se analizaron 188 imágenes publicadas en Twitter. Resultados: Se identificaron cinco categorías: mensajes informativos y educativos; los equipos como artefactos; espacialidad; los sujetos a los que se le aplica restricción y connotaciones sociopolíticas sobre la aplicación de restricción. Conclusiones: Basado en los resultados se concluye que las imágenes publicadas en Twitter sobre la aplicación de la restricción y aislamiento, están relacionados con los siguientes aspectos: Educar a otros sobre el tema, mostrar la espacialidad en la aplicación de la restricción, la percepción que se tiene sobre la restricción según las personas y objetos, y la connotación sociopolítica. Esto significa que las publicaciones de Twitter ofrecen a las enfermeras la oportunidad de participar en marketing social y connotar una dimensión ética a una persona asociada con medidas utilizadas para ejercer poder sobre los demás, ya que la comunicación sobre ciertos temas controvertidos en el cuidado de la salud está libre de jerarquías en Twitter.Objetivo: Determinar as áreas de discussão sobre a aplicação de isolamento e restrição no campo da saúde, com base nos motivos publicados no Twitter. Materiais e método: Uma abordagem qualitativa baseada em um desenho observacional transversal e de arquivo foi aplicada na investigação. Foram analisadas 188 imagens publicadas no Twitter. Resultados: foram identificadas cinco categorias: mensagens informativas e educativas; equipamentos como artefatos; espacialidade; os sujeitos a quem são aplicadas restrições e conotações sociopolíticas na aplicação da restrição. Conclusões: Com base nos resultados, conclui-se que as imagens publicadas no Twitter sobre a aplicação da restrição e isolamento estão relacionadas aos seguintes aspectos: Educar outros sobre o assunto, mostrar a espacialidade na aplicação da restrição, a percepção de que Trata-se de restrição de acordo com pessoas e objetos e conotação sócio-política. Isso significa que as postagens no Twitter oferecem aos enfermeiros a oportunidade de participar de marketing social e conotam uma dimensão ética a uma pessoa associado a medidas usadas para exercer poder sobre os outros como comunicação sobre certas questões controversas na área da saúde estão livres de hierarquias no Twitter
Human factors analysis, design, and evaluation of Engage, a consumer health IT application for geriatric heart failure self-care
Human factors and ergonomics (HFE) and related approaches can be used to enhance research and development of consumer-facing health IT systems, including technologies supporting the needs of people with chronic disease. We describe a multiphase HFE study of health IT supporting self-care of chronic heart failure by older adults. The study was based on HFE frameworks of "patient work" and incorporated the three broad phases of user-centered design: study or analysis; design; and evaluation. In the study phase, data from observations, interviews, surveys, and other methods were analyzed to identify gaps in and requirements for supporting heart failure self-care. The design phase applied findings from the study phase throughout an iterative process, culminating in the design of the Engage application, a product intended for continuous use over 30 days to stimulate self-care engagement, behavior, and knowledge. During the evaluation phase, we identified a variety of usability issues through expert heuristic evaluation and laboratory-based usability testing. We discuss the implications of our findings regarding heart failure self-care in older adults and the methodological challenges of rapid translational field research and development in this domain
Why Medical Informatics (still) Needs Cognitive and Social Sciences.
International audienceOBJECTIVES: To summarize current excellent medical informatics research in the field of human factors and organizational issues. METHODS: Using PubMed, a total of 3,024 papers were selected from 17 journals. The papers were evaluated on the basis of their title, keywords, and abstract, using several exclusion and inclusion criteria. 15 preselected papers were carefully evaluated by six referees using a standard evaluation grid. RESULTS: Six best papers were selected exemplifying the central role cognitive and social sciences can play in medical informatics research. Among other contributions, those studies: (i) make use of the distributed cognition paradigm to model and understand clinical care situations; (ii) take into account organizational issues to analyse the impact of HIT on information exchange and coordination processes; (iii) illustrate how models and empirical data from cognitive psychology can be used in medical informatics; and (iv) highlight the need of qualitative studies to analyze the unexpected side effects of HIT on cognitive and work processes. CONCLUSION: The selected papers demonstrate that paradigms, methodologies, models, and results from cognitive and social sciences can help to bridge the gap between HIT and end users, and contribute to limit adoption failures that are reported regularly
For a learnable mathematics in the digital cultures
I begin with some general remarks concerning the co-evolution of representational forms and mathematical meanings. I then discuss the changed roles of mathematics and novel representations that emerge from the ubiquity of computational models, and briefly consider the implications for learning mathematics. I contend that a central component of knowledge required in modern societies involves the development of a meta-epistemological stance – i.e. developing a sense of mechanism for the models that underpin social and professional discourses. I illustrate this point in relation to recent research in which I am investigating the mathematical epistemology of engineering practice. Finally, I map out one implication for the design of future mathematical learning environments with reference to some data from the "Playground Project"
Analysing healthcare coordination using translational mobilization
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce translational mobilization theory (TMT) and explore its application for healthcare quality improvement purposes. Design/methodology/approach TMT is a generic sociological theory that explains how projects of collective action are progressed in complex organizational contexts. This paper introduces TMT, outlines its ontological assumptions and core components, and explores its potential value for quality improvement using rescue trajectories as an illustrative case. Findings TMT has value for understanding coordination and collaboration in healthcare. Inviting a radical reconceptualization of healthcare organization, its potential applications include: mapping healthcare processes, understanding the role of artifacts in healthcare work, analyzing the relationship between content, context and implementation, program theory development and providing a comparative framework for supporting cross-sector learning. Originality/value Poor coordination and collaboration are well-recognized weaknesses in modern healthcare systems and represent important risks to quality and safety. While the organization and delivery of healthcare has been widely studied, and there is an extensive literature on team and inter-professional working, we lack readily accessible theoretical frameworks for analyzing collaborative work practices. TMT addresses this gap in understanding
Exploring medical device design and use through layers of distributed cognition: How a glucometer is coupled with its context
cmtheme: cmoutput: journalcmtheme: cmoutput: journalThis work was supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G059063/1]
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