A Network Algorithm for 3D/2D IPTV Distribution using WiMAX and WLAN Technologies

The final publication is available at link.springer.comThe appearance of new broadband wireless technologies jointly with the ability to offer enough quality of service to provide IPTV over them, have made possible the mobility and ubiquity of any type of device to access the IPTV network. The minimum bandwidth required in the access network to provide appropriate quality 3D/2D IPTV services jointly with the need to guarantee the Quality of Experience (QoE) to the end user, makes the need of algorithms that should be able to combine different wireless standards and technologies. In this paper, we propose a network algorithm that manages the IPTV access network and decides which type of wireless technology the customers should connect with when using multiband devices, depending on the requirements of the IPTV client device, the available networks, and some network parameters (such as the number of loss packets and packet delay), to provide the maximum QoE to the customer. The measurements taken in a real environment from several wireless networks allow us to know the performance of the proposed system when it selects each one of them. The measurements taken from a test bench demonstrate the success of our system.This work has been partially supported by the Polytechnic University of Valencia, though the PAID-15-10 multidisciplinary projects, by the Instituto de Telecomunicacoes, Next Generation Networks and Applications Group (NetGNA), Portugal, and by National Funding from the FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through the PEst-OE/EEI/LA0008/2011 Project.Lloret, J.; Cánovas Solbes, A.; Rodrigues, JJPC.; Lin, K. (2013). A Network Algorithm for 3D/2D IPTV Distribution using WiMAX and WLAN Technologies. Multimedia Tools and Applications. 67(1):7-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-011-0929-4S730671Abukharis S, MacKenzie R, Farrell TO (2009) Improving QoS of Video Transmitted Over 802.11 WLANs Using Frame Aggregation. 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Evaluation of CupCarbon Network Simulator for Wireless Sensor Networks

[EN] Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a technology in continuous evolution with great future and a huge quantity of applications. The implementation and deployment of a WSN imply important expenses, so it is interesting to simulate the operation of our design before deploying it. In addition, WSNs are limited by a set of parameters such as the low processing capacity, low storing capacity or limited energy. Energy consumption is the most limiting parameter since the network stability and availability depends on the survival of the nodes. To check the correct operation of a network, currently, there are several network simulators and day by day new proposals are launched. This paper presents the evaluation of a new network simulator called CupCarbon. Along the document, we present the main characteristics of this simulator and check its operation by an example. To evaluate the ease of use of this new network simulator, we propose a modified version of Dijkstra algorithm. In addition of considering the cost route to calculate the best route, it considers the remaining energy in nodes as an additional parameter to evaluate the best route. CupCarbon allows implementing our proposal and the results show that our proposal is able to offer a more stable network with an increase of the network lifetime of the 20%. Finally, to extract some conclusions from our experiences, we compare the characteristics and results of CupCarbon with the most common network simulators currently used by researchers. Our conclusions point out that CupCarbon can be used as a complementary tool for those simulators that are not able to monitor the energy consumption in nodes. However, it needs some improvements to reach the level of functionality of the most used simulators. CupCarbon could be an interesting option for academic environments.López-Pavón, C.; Sendra, S.; Valenzuela-Valdés, JF. (2018). Evaluation of CupCarbon Network Simulator for Wireless Sensor Networks. Network Protocols and Algorithms. 10(2):1-27. https://doi.org/10.5296/npa.v10i2.13201S12710

Survey of Transportation of Adaptive Multimedia Streaming service in Internet

[DE] World Wide Web is the greatest boon towards the technological advancement of modern era. Using the benefits of Internet globally, anywhere and anytime, users can avail the benefits of accessing live and on demand video services. The streaming media systems such as YouTube, Netflix, and Apple Music are reining the multimedia world with frequent popularity among users. A key concern of quality perceived for video streaming applications over Internet is the Quality of Experience (QoE) that users go through. Due to changing network conditions, bit rate and initial delay and the multimedia file freezes or provide poor video quality to the end users, researchers across industry and academia are explored HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS), which split the video content into multiple segments and offer the clients at varying qualities. The video player at the client side plays a vital role in buffer management and choosing the appropriate bit rate for each such segment of video to be transmitted. A higher bit rate transmitted video pauses in between whereas, a lower bit rate video lacks in quality, requiring a tradeoff between them. The need of the hour was to adaptively varying the bit rate and video quality to match the transmission media conditions. Further, The main aim of this paper is to give an overview on the state of the art HAS techniques across multimedia and networking domains. A detailed survey was conducted to analyze challenges and solutions in adaptive streaming algorithms, QoE, network protocols, buffering and etc. It also focuses on various challenges on QoE influence factors in a fluctuating network condition, which are often ignored in present HAS methodologies. Furthermore, this survey will enable network and multimedia researchers a fair amount of understanding about the latest happenings of adaptive streaming and the necessary improvements that can be incorporated in future developments.Abdullah, MTA.; Lloret, J.; Canovas Solbes, A.; García-García, L. (2017). Survey of Transportation of Adaptive Multimedia Streaming service in Internet. Network Protocols and Algorithms. 9(1-2):85-125. doi:10.5296/npa.v9i1-2.12412S8512591-

Frame-based mapping mechanism for energy-efficient MPEG-4 video transmission over IEEE 802.11e networks with better quality of delivery

Recent developments in hardware, software and communication technologies have resulted in increasing interest in the use of wireless local area networks (WLANs). Mobile devices with embedded WLAN functionality are becoming increasingly popular. Such devices must be designed to support applications that require high quality of service (QoS) and have favorable to maximize battery capacity. The resources of queues in IEEE 802.11e networks may be wasted by the transmission of information that is useless to the receiver. This work develops a frame-based mapping mechanism (FBM) that exploits different methods to process I/P/B (Intra/Predictive/Bipredictive) video frame packets. FBM refers to the dropping of arriving packets if the preceding packets in the same video frame have been dropped. When fragmented packets of a single frame are allocated to different access categories (AC) queues, out-of order delivery may occur. Hence, FBM tries to treat all fragmented packets of each video frame equally and allocates them to the same AC queue if possible. The simulation results demonstrate that transmission by the FBM is more efficient than that by other mechanisms, such as EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access), static mapping and adaptive mapping, suggesting that the energy of a device is not wasted in the transmission of useless video data in WLANs. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Foundation item: The National Project of Taiwan (No.: MOST 103-2221-E507-001). Authors are grateful to Ministry of Science and Technology Grant no. (MOST 103-2221-E507-001), Government of Taiwan for financial support to carry out this work.Ke, C.; Yang, C.; Chen, J.; Ghafoor, KZ.; Lloret, J. (2015). Frame-based mapping mechanism for energy-efficient MPEG-4 video transmission over IEEE 802.11e networks with better quality of delivery. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. 58:280-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2015.08.005S2802865

An Autonomous Engine for Services Configuration and Deployment.

The runtime management of the infrastructure providing service-based systems is a complex task, up to the point where manual operation struggles to be cost effective. As the functionality is provided by a set of dynamically composed distributed services, in order to achieve a management objective multiple operations have to be applied over the distributed elements of the managed infrastructure. Moreover, the manager must cope with the highly heterogeneous characteristics and management interfaces of the runtime resources. With this in mind, this paper proposes to support the configuration and deployment of services with an automated closed control loop. The automation is enabled by the definition of a generic information model, which captures all the information relevant to the management of the services with the same abstractions, describing the runtime elements, service dependencies, and business objectives. On top of that, a technique based on satisfiability is described which automatically diagnoses the state of the managed environment and obtains the required changes for correcting it (e.g., installation, service binding, update, or configuration). The results from a set of case studies extracted from the banking domain are provided to validate the feasibility of this propos

Smart Collaborative Mobile System for Taking Care of Disabled and Elderly People

Official statistics data show that in many countries the population is aging. In addition, there are several illnesses and disabilities that also affect a small sector of the population. In recent years, researchers and medical foundations are working in order to develop systems based on new technologies and enhance the quality of life of them. One of the cheapest ways is to take advantage of the features provided by the smartphones. Nowadays, the development of reduced size smartphones, but with high processing capacity, has increased dramatically. We can take profit of the sensors placed in smartphones in order to monitor disabled and elderly people. In this paper, we propose a smart collaborative system based on the sensors embedded in mobile devices, which permit us to monitor the status of a person based on what is happening in the environment, but comparing and taking decisions based on what is happening to its neighbors. The proposed protocol for the mobile ad hoc network and the smart system algorithm are described in detail. We provide some measurements showing the decisions taken for several common cases and we also show the performance of our proposal when there is a medium size group of disabled or elderly people. Our proposal can also be applied to take care of children in several situations.This work has been partially supported by the Instituto de Telecomunicacoes, Next Generation Networks and Applications Group (NetGNA), Portugal, and by National Funding from the FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through the PEst-OE/EEI/LA0008/2011 Project.Sendra Compte, S.; Granell Romero, E.; Lloret, J.; Rodrigues, JJPC. (2014). Smart Collaborative Mobile System for Taking Care of Disabled and Elderly People. 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Estudio de codecs de compresión de audio utilizando diferentes estilos de música

In a few years the music industry has experienced a continuous evolution result of digitization. This process has affected the workflow of the entire industry, creating changes in two levels. On the one hand, digitization has directly affected the way music is produced and composed, allowing today the process of recording, mixing and mastering can be performed by a personal computer, as well as the composition of computer music directly by virtual instruments. Furthermore, there has been an evolution in the forms of storage, reproduction and distribution of music. In a few years it has gone from using reproduction sound formats from vinyl records, followed by cassettes and later CD up to the present, when the music is mostly consumed in digital format, and can be purchased and downloaded directly from the Internet. In this scenario, there are currently a large number of audio codecs with different characteristics. This study aims to identify the different music genres from the most representative songs of each genre, and evaluate whether there are audio codecs which by its nature fits better on one genre or otherEn pocos años la industria musical ha experimentado una continua evolución fruto de su digitalización. Este proceso ha afectado al funcionamiento de toda la industria, creando cambios en dos grandes niveles. Por una parte, la digitalización ha afectado directamente a la manera en que la música se produce y compone, permitiendo que hoy en día el proceso de grabación, mezcla y masterización pueda realizarse mediante un ordenador personal, así como la composición de música directamente por ordenador, mediante instrumentos virtuales. Por otra, ha habido una evolución en las formas de almacenamiento, reproducción y distribución de la música. En pocos años se ha pasado de utilizar formatos de reproducción sonora como los discos de vinilo, seguidos por los cassettes y posteriormente el CD hasta llegar a la actualidad, cuando la música se consume mayoritariamente en formato digital, pudiéndose comprar y descargar directamente de Internet. En este escenario, existen actualmente un gran número de códecs de audio con diversas características. El presente estudio pretende identificar los diferentes géneros musicales a partir de las canciones más representativas de cada uno de ellos, y evaluar sí existen códecs de audio que por sus características se adecuen mejor a unos géneros musicales o a otros.Tortosa Zamora, R. (2014). Estudio de codecs de compresión de audio utilizando diferentes estilos de música. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/43911Archivo delegad

GRID AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR E-SCIENCE APPLICATIONS

eScience fields which include areas such as spatial data, electromagnetic,bioinformatics, energy, social sciences, simulation, physical science have on the course of recent years a significant development regarding the complexity of algorithms and applications for data analysis. Information data has also evolved with an explosion in term of data volume and datasets for the scientific community. This has led researchers to identify new necessity regarding tools analysis, applications, by a profound change in computing infrastructures utilization. The field of eScience is constantly evolving through the creation of ever more growing scientific community who have a real needs in availability in computational resources ever more powerful calculations. Another important issue is the ability to be able to share results, this is why cloud technology through virtualization can be an important help for the scientist community for giving a flexible and scalable IT infrastructure depending on necessities. Indeed, cloud computing allows for the provision of computing resources, storage in an easy configurable way and adaptable in functions of real needs. Researchers often do not have all the computing capacities to meet their needs, so cloud technology and cloud models as Private, Public and Hybrid is an enable technology for having a guarantee of service availability, scalability and flexibility. The transition from traditional infrastructure to new virtualized with distributed models allows researchers to have access to an environment extremely flexible allowing an optimization of the use of hardware for having more available resources. However, the computational needs on e-Science have a direct effect regarding the way that applications are developed. The approach of writing algorithm and applications is still too tied to a model centered on a workstation for example. The vast majority of researchers conducts the writing process of their applications on their laptop or workstation in a limited context of computing power, storage and in a non-distributed way