1,961 research outputs found
Preferred color correction for mixed taking-illuminant placement and cropping
The growth of automatic layout capabilities for publications such as photo books and image sharing websites enables consumers to create personalized presentations without much experience or the use of professional page design software. Automated color correction of images has been well studied over the years, but the methodology for determining how to correct images has almost exclusively considered images as independent indivisible objects. In modern documents, such as photo books or web sharing sites, images are automatically placed on pages in juxtaposition to others and some images are automatically cropped. Understanding how color correction preferences are impacted by complex arrangements has become important. A small number of photographs taken under a variety illumination conditions were presented to observers both individually and in combinations. Cropped and uncropped versions of the shots were included. Users had opportunities to set preferred color balance and chroma for the images within the experiment. Analyses point toward trends indicating a preference for higher chroma for most cropped images in comparison to settings for the full spatial extent images. It is also shown that observers make different color balance choices when correcting an image in isolation versus when correcting the same image in the presence of a second shot taken under a different illuminant. Across 84 responses, approximately 60% showed the tendency to choose image white points that were further from the display white point when multiple images from different taking illuminants were simultaneously presented versus when the images were adjusted in isolation on the same display. Observers were also shown to preserve the relative white point bias of the original taking illuminants
Multispectral Imaging For Face Recognition Over Varying Illumination
This dissertation addresses the advantage of using multispectral narrow-band images over conventional broad-band images for improved face recognition under varying illumination. To verify the effectiveness of multispectral images for improving face recognition performance, three sequential procedures are taken into action: multispectral face image acquisition, image fusion for multispectral and spectral band selection to remove information redundancy.
Several efficient image fusion algorithms are proposed and conducted on spectral narrow-band face images in comparison to conventional images. Physics-based weighted fusion and illumination adjustment fusion make good use of spectral information in multispectral imaging process. The results demonstrate that fused narrow-band images outperform the conventional broad-band images under varying illuminations. In the case where multispectral images are acquired over severe changes in daylight, the fused images outperform conventional broad-band images by up to 78%. The success of fusing multispectral images lies in the fact that multispectral images can separate the illumination information from the reflectance of objects which is impossible for conventional broad-band images.
To reduce the information redundancy among multispectral images and simplify the imaging system, distance-based band selection is proposed where a quantitative evaluation metric is defined to evaluate and differentiate the performance of multispectral narrow-band images. This method is proved to be exceptionally robust to parameter changes.
Furthermore, complexity-guided distance-based band selection is proposed using model selection criterion for an automatic selection. The performance of selected bands outperforms the conventional images by up to 15%. From the significant performance improvement via distance-based band selection and complexity-guided distance-based band selection, we prove that specific facial information carried in certain narrow-band spectral images can enhance face recognition performance compared to broad-band images. In addition, both algorithms are proved to be independent to recognition engines.
Significant performance improvement is achieved by proposed image fusion and band selection algorithms under varying illumination including outdoor daylight conditions. Our proposed imaging system and image processing algorithms lead to a new avenue of automatic face recognition system towards a better recognition performance than the conventional peer system over varying illuminations
Architecture and hypertext: networks of proliferation, accretion and mutation
This thesis originated with the East River Project, a national collection of collaborative studios orchestrated by the Van Alen Institute in New York City. The project addresses the question of how best to energize and rehabilitate the decaying urban fabric on the banks of the East River in Lower Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens. The site which the Iowa State Laboratory for Experimental Design worked on compromises the East River Park (extending over a mile between 14th and Jackson Streets) and the structure that intersects it, the Williamsburg Bridge (spanning the river between Brooklyn and Manhattan at Delancey Street). The L.E.D. overlaid onto the project of proposing rehabilitation of the East River Park and its predominant structure (the bridge) its mission of exploring the interface of digital and physical tools in the design process.;As an integrated media studio, it addressed the problem from the standpoint that integrated media can best serve: design as an accretion of multiple small elements on a conceptual framing apparatus, small elements on a conceptual framing apparatus, small elements that can be constructed piecemeal and over a long period of time (as opposed to design as a process of master planning at the grand scale, which then proceeds to the small elements). Furthermore, this research was situated specifically within an epistemological milieu that is characterized by various possibilities of accretion and proliferation, the way in which these processes are conducted, and what they represent. This milieu compromises the 1851 Crystal Palace in London,;Hieronymous Bosch\u27s painting The Garden of Earthly Delights, the model of the garden itself as the ongoing product of such processes (as well as the linear processes of conventional design), Material World (a collection of photographs of average families from many countries, each posed in front of its abode with all of its domestic possessions), James Joyce\u27s Finnegans Wake, and Owen Jones\u27s The Grammar of Ornament, among other nodes that describe this territory of proliferation of the everyday. The first \u27ordering\u27 of this research resulted in four drawings of the design of a Rapid Transit Station on the Williamsburg Bridge, connecting the bridge to the park. This thesis is the second ordering, a written work assisted by the drawings. Katleen Wouters, Six Nodes, Four Baskets
Spectral imaging of human portraits and image quality
This dissertation addresses the problem of capturing spectral images for human portraits and evaluating image quality of spectral images. A new spectral imaging approach is proposed in this dissertation for spectral images of human portraits. Thorough statistical analysis is performed for spectral reflectances from various races and different face parts. A spectral imaging system has been designed and calibrated for human portraits. The calibrated imaging system has the ability to represent not only the facial skin but also the spectra of lips, eyes and hair from various races as well. The generated spectral images can be applied to color-imaging system design and analysis. To evaluate the image quality of spectral imaging systems, a visual psychophysical image quality experiment has been performed in this dissertation. The spectral images were simulated based on real spectral imaging system. Meaningful image quality results have been obtained for spectral images generated from different spectral imaging systems. To bridge the gap between the physical measures and subjective visual perceptions of image quality, four image distortion factors were defined. Image quality metrics were obtained and evaluated based statistical analysis and multiple analysis. The image quality metrics have high correlation with subjective assessment for image quality. The image quality contribution of the distortion factors were evaluated. As an extension of the work other researchers in MCSL have initiated, this dissertation research will, working with other researchers in MCSL, put effort to build a publicly accessible database of spectral images, Lippmann2000
Neonatal Infrared Thermography Image Processing
Tesina feta en col.laboració amb RWTH AachenThe temperature changes inside incubator a ect the newborns, who are the most delicate
patients. The project proposes an innovative method to monitor the skin temperature of
the neonates. The temperature monitoring is carried out by a virtual sensor. This virtual
sensor is based in an infrared thermal camera that is placed outside the incubator. In order to
obtain the infrared radiation through the incubator Plexiglas, an infrared transparent window
is required. The experiment carried out was focused on obtaining the transparent properties
in the infrared spectral range measurement of this window. On the other hand, the thermal
imaging processing is necessary to obtain the thermal information from the infrared imager
and to be able to track the region of interest throughout the eld of view
Model facial colour appearance and facial attractiveness for human complexions
Human facial complexion has been a subject of great interest in many areas of science and technology including dermatology, cosmetology, computer graphics, and computer vision. Facial colour appearance conveys vital personal information and influences social interactions and mate choices as contributing factors to perceived beauty, health, and age. How various colour characteristics affect facial preference and whether there are cultural differences are not fully understood. On the other hand, facial colour appearance cannot be simply quantified by colour measurement. Facial colour perception is distinctive. The perceptual aspects of facial colour appearance haven’t been precisely investigated.
The present study aims to better understand the human colour perception of facial complexions. Psychophysical experiments were carried out to assess facial colour preference and facial colour appearance, respectively. A set of facial images of real human faces were used and the colour was rigorously controlled in those experiments so that the facial colour appearance could be evaluated based on the realistic skin models.
Experiments on colour preference provided a thorough assessment of the relationships between various facial colour characteristics and preference judgements and meanwhile revealed large cultural differences between Caucasian and Chinese populations. A useful and repeatable analytical framework for facial preference modelling was provided. This work contributes to the growing body of research using realistic skin models and highlights the importance of examining various colour cues utilized in facial preference evaluation.
Experiments on colour appearance for the first time precisely measured the overall colour perception of facial appearance. New indices WIS, RIS, and YIS were developed to accurately quantify perceived facial whiteness, redness, and yellowness. The perceptual difference between the colour appearance of the face stimuli and the nonface stimuli was discovered.
Taken together, the present study shed new light on how our visual system perceives and processes colour information on human faces
Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 187
This supplement to Aerospace Medicine and Biology lists 247 reports, articles and other documents announced during November 1978 in Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) or in International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA). In its subject coverage, Aerospace Medicine and Biology concentrates on the biological, physiological, psychological, and environmental effects to which man is subjected during and following simulated or actual flight in the earth's atmosphere or in interplanetary space. References describing similar effects of biological organisms of lower order are also included. Emphasis is placed on applied research, but reference to fundamental studies and theoretical principles related to experimental development also qualify for inclusion. Each entry in the bibliography consists of a bibliographic citation accompanied in most cases by an abstract
Chinese Bead Curtains, Past and Present
Relatively little is known about how beads were combined to form larger structures in China. To address this situation, this paper focuses on Chinese bead curtains. Adopting an approach that is broad rather than deep and empirical rather than theoretical, it collates evidence from the textual, material, oral, and pictorial records to consider bead curtains from various perspectives. To begin, this study defines bead curtains as textiles, door and window ornaments, screens, and types of beadwork. It then discusses bead curtains of the imperial era (221 B.C.-A.D. 1911) as they are referenced in the Chinese textual record from the 4th century on. A discussion of bead curtains of the post-imperial era (1912-present) follows, offering a small database of 20th- and 21st-centuries examples composed of organic and inorganic bead materials. While contemporary, commercially-produced Chinese bead curtains are mentioned in passing, they are not the focus of this article. Nor are bead-embellished valances addressed. As further research is undertaken, it should be possible to refine or revise the information offered here
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