Assessment of cockpit interface concepts for data link retrofit

The problem is examined of retrofitting older generation aircraft with data link capability. The approach taken analyzes requirements for the cockpit interface, based on review of prior research and opinions obtained from subject matter experts. With this background, essential functions and constraints for a retrofit installation are defined. After an assessment of the technology available to meet the functions and constraints, candidate design concepts are developed. The most promising design concept is described in detail. Finally, needs for further research and development are identified

An investigation into pilot and system response to critical in-flight events. Volume 2: Appendix

Materials relating to the study of pilot and system response to critical in-flight events (CIFE) are given. An annotated bibliography and a trip summary outline are presented, as are knowledge surveys with accompanying answer keys. Performance profiles of pilots and performance data from the simulations of CIFE's are given. The paper and pencil testing materials are reproduced. Conditions for the use of the additive model are discussed. A master summary of data for the destination diversion scenario is given. An interview with an aircraft mechanic demonstrates the feasibility of system problem diagnosis from a verbal description of symptoms and shows the information seeking and problem solving logic used by an expert to narrow the list of probable causes of aircraft failure

An investigation into cockpit display developments in the general aviation aircraft fleet

As we have progressed into the 21st Century, the general aviation (GA) cockpit has been slow to evolve to keep pace with the advances in technology and research that have been applied to the avionics displays for military and civil commercial aviation applications. GA cockpits are just now beginning to reflect the benefits of these advances The increased use of human factors research in the design of GA avionics displays has led to the awareness of the importance of improved information presentation and data cueing As a result, instrument panels are integrating a variety of highly configurable electronic, full-color, hierarchical in design, multifunction displays (MFD) These MFDs are being utilized for inserting a significant increase of coded and processed information into the often display-cluttered aircraft cockpit for use by the GA pilot. MFDs, coded and formatted properly, can aid the GA pilot in an overall increase in situational awareness (SA) of both the aircraft\u27s performance and the surrounding flight environment. In addition, many of these new MFDs have the capability to combine and integrate multiple data inputs onto a single display sometimes referred to as Data Fusion. In a similar vein, as “data fused” MFDs proliferate, the number of single functionality avionics system displays and control boxes can be reduced and replaced by MFD systems with multiple roles and capabilities. This will increase the available instrument panel space for additional or redundant components This thesis will investigate applicable human factors research and see how advanced GA avionics technologies are evolving as a result. This thesis will also discuss systems that should be incorporated in GA aircraft to improve SA for pilots in the GA aircraft sector

An investigation into pilot and system response to critical in-flight events, volume 2

Critical in-flight event is studied using mission simulation and written tests of pilot responses. Materials and procedures used in knowledge tests, written tests, and mission simulations are include

Development and evaluation of a prototype electronic vertical situation display

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996.Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-104).by Sanjay S. Vakil.M.S

Evaluation of microwave landing system approaches in a wide-body transport simulator

The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of flying complex curved approaches using the microwave landing system (MLS) with a wide-body transport aircraft. Fifty pilots in crews of two participated in the evaluation using a fixed-base simulator that emulated an MD-11 aircraft. Five approaches, consisting of one straight-in approach and four curved approaches, were flown by the pilots using a flight director. The test variables include the following: (1) manual and autothrottles; (2) wind direction; and (3) type of navigation display. The navigation display was either a map or a horizontal situation indicator (HSI). A complex wind that changed direction and speed with altitude, and included moderate turbulence, was used. Visibility conditions were Cat 1 or better. Subjective test data included pilot responses to questionnaires and pilot comments. Objective performance data included tracking accuracy, position error at decision height, and control activity. Results of the evaluation indicate that flying curved MLS approaches with a wide-body transport aircraft is operationally acceptable, depending upon the length of the final straight segment and the complexity of the approach

Бортова система прогнозування небезпечної польотної ситуації

Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 27.05.2021 р. №311/од "Про розміщення кваліфікаційних робіт вищої освіти в репозиторії НАУ". Керівник дипломної роботи: доцент кафедри авіоніки, Грищенко Юрій ВіталійовичSafety of air transportation plays a very important role in air transportation. Once an accident occurs, the damage caused is incalculable. Referring to the past flight accidents, besides the huge economic loss to the airlines, the casualties are the most regrettable. Therefore, the on-board system for forecasting for dangerous flight is very necessary to ensure the safety of civil aviation transportation. It can determine whether the current flight environment is safe or not, provide pilots with countermeasures when they encounter risks, and assist pilots in solving the risks they encounter. From past experience, human factors play an important role in ensuring the safety of the operating environment. In hazardous conditions, the pilot's psychological state is affected, resulting in a significant reduction in operational accuracy and a loss of the ability to judge the work situation properly. At the same time, this leads to accidents that deviate from the flight plan and may cause incalculable damage. In this regard, we need to pay attention to human factors and identify the factors in the operating environment that can affect the pilot's operation, which may affect the pilot's psychology to varying degrees, and may occur simultaneously. In order to provide a stable and safe enough operating environment for operators, this paper analyzes the airline piloting environment by combining human factors and engineering psychology, and proposes improvements to the cabin working environment in aircraft by combining the current civil aviation cabin working standards and the current advanced avionics technology.Безпека авіаперевезень відіграє дуже важливу роль у авіаперевезеннях. Одного разу трапилася аварія, збитки не підраховані. Посилаючись на минулі авіакатастрофи, окрім величезних економічних збитків для авіакомпаній, жертви викликають найбільший жаль. Тому бортова система прогнозування небезпечного польоту дуже потрібна забезпечити безпеку перевезень цивільної авіації. Він може визначити, чи поточний рейс безпечне середовище чи ні, надайте пілотам контрзаходи, коли вони стикаються з ризиками, і допомагати пілотам у вирішенні ризиків, з якими вони стикаються. Як показує минулий досвід, людський фактор відіграє важливу роль у забезпеченні безпеки операційного середовища. У небезпечних умовах психологічний стан пілота є впливають, що призводить до значного зниження оперативної точності та втрати здатності правильно оцінити робочу ситуацію. Водночас це призводить до аварій, які відхиляються від плану польоту та може завдати непідрахованої шкоди. У зв’язку з цим потрібно звернути увагу на людський фактор і визначити чинники робоче середовище, яке може вплинути на роботу пілота, яке може вплинути на роботу пілота психології різного ступеня і можуть виникати одночасно. Щоб забезпечити стабільне та достатньо безпечне робоче середовище для операторів, У цьому документі аналізується середовище пілотування авіакомпанії шляхом поєднання людських факторів та інженерної психології та пропонує вдосконалення робочого середовища в салоні повітряних суден шляхом поєднання поточних стандартів роботи кабіни цивільної авіації та поточних передові технології авіоніки

Aviation Safety/Automation Program Conference

The Aviation Safety/Automation Program Conference - 1989 was sponsored by the NASA Langley Research Center on 11 to 12 October 1989. The conference, held at the Sheraton Beach Inn and Conference Center, Virginia Beach, Virginia, was chaired by Samuel A. Morello. The primary objective of the conference was to ensure effective communication and technology transfer by providing a forum for technical interchange of current operational problems and program results to date. The Aviation Safety/Automation Program has as its primary goal to improve the safety of the national airspace system through the development and integration of human-centered automation technologies for aircraft crews and air traffic controllers

Simulator evaluation of displays for a revised takeoff performance monitoring system

Cockpit displays for a Takeoff Performance Monitoring System (TOPMS) to provide pilots with graphic and alphanumeric information pertinent to their decision to continue or abort a takeoff are evaluated. Revised head-down and newly developed head-up displays were implemented on electronic screens in the real-time Transport Systems Research Vehicle (TSRV) Simulator for the Boeing 737 airplane at the Langley Research Center and evaluated by 17 NASA, U.S. Air Force, airline, and industry pilots. Both types of displays were in color, but they were not dependent upon it. The TOPMS head-down display is composed of a runway graphic overlaid with symbolic status and advisory information related to both the expected takeoff point and the predicted stop point (in the event an abort becomes necessary). In addition, an overall Situation Advisory Flag indicates a preferred course of action based on analysis of the various elements of airplane performance and system status. A simpler head-up display conveys most of this same information and relates it to the visual scene. The evaluation pilots found the displays to be credible, easy to monitor, and appropriate for the task. In particular, the pilots said the head-up display was monitored with very little effort and did not obstruct or distract them from monitoring the simulated out-the-window runway scene. This report augments NASA TP-2908, 1989

Crew aiding and automation: A system concept for terminal area operations, and guidelines for automation design

This research and development program comprised two efforts: the development of guidelines for the design of automated systems, with particular emphasis on automation design that takes advantage of contextual information, and the concept-level design of a crew aiding system, the Terminal Area Navigation Decision Aiding Mediator (TANDAM). This concept outlines a system capable of organizing navigation and communication information and assisting the crew in executing the operations required in descent and approach. In service of this endeavor, problem definition activities were conducted that identified terminal area navigation and operational familiarization exercises addressing the terminal area navigation problem. Both airborne and ground-based (ATC) elements of aircraft control were extensively researched. The TANDAM system concept was then specified, and the crew interface and associated systems described. Additionally, three descent and approach scenarios were devised in order to illustrate the principal functions of the TANDAM system concept in relation to the crew, the aircraft, and ATC. A plan for the evaluation of the TANDAM system was established. The guidelines were developed based on reviews of relevant literature, and on experience gained in the design effort