6,663 research outputs found

    UMSL Bulletin 2023-2024

    Get PDF
    The 2023-2024 Bulletin and Course Catalog for the University of Missouri St. Louis.https://irl.umsl.edu/bulletin/1088/thumbnail.jp

    UMSL Bulletin 2022-2023

    Get PDF
    The 2022-2023 Bulletin and Course Catalog for the University of Missouri St. Louis.https://irl.umsl.edu/bulletin/1087/thumbnail.jp

    2023-2024 Catalog

    Get PDF
    The 2023-2024 Governors State University Undergraduate and Graduate Catalog is a comprehensive listing of current information regarding:Degree RequirementsCourse OfferingsUndergraduate and Graduate Rules and Regulation

    The Individual And Their World

    Get PDF

    Reshaping Higher Education for a Post-COVID-19 World: Lessons Learned and Moving Forward

    Get PDF
    No abstract available

    “Not the story you want, I’m sure”: Mental health recovery and the narratives of people from marginalised communities

    Get PDF
    Background: The dominant narrative in mental health policy and practice has shifted in the 21st century from one of chronic ill health or incurability to an orientation towards recovery. A recovery-based approach is now the most frequently used in services in the Global North, and its relevance has also been explored in Global South settings. Despite the ubiquity of the recovery approach, people experiencing poverty, homelessness, intersecting oppressions (based for example on race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality or ability), and other forms of social marginalisation remain under-represented within recovery-oriented research. More inclusive research has been called for to ensure that knowledge of recovery processes is not based solely on the experiences of the relatively well-resourced. Personal narratives of recovery from mental distress have played a central role in the establishment of the recovery approach within mental health policy and practice. Originating in survivor/service-user movements, the use of ‘recovery narratives’ has now become widespread for diverse purposes, including staff training to improve service delivery and increase empathy, public health campaigns to challenge stigma, online interventions to increase access to self-care resources, and as a distinctive feature of peer support. Research suggests that recovery-focused narratives can have benefits and also risks for narrators and recipients. At the same time, the elicitation of such narratives by healthcare researchers, educators and practitioners has been problematised by survivor-researchers and other critical theorists, as a co-option of lived experience for neoliberal purposes. Following a systematic review of empirical research studies undertaken on characteristics of recovery narratives (presented in Chapter 4), a need for empirical research on the narratives of people from socially marginalised groups was identified. What kinds of stories might we/they be telling, and what are their experiences of telling their stories? What do their experiences tell us about the use of stories within a recovery approach? Aim: Drawing on a body of critical scholarship, my aim is to conduct an empirical inquiry into (i) characteristics of recovery stories told by people from socially marginalised groups, and (ii) their experiences of telling their stories in formal and everyday settings. Method: I undertook a critical narrative inquiry based on the stories of 77 people from marginalised groups, collected in the context of a wider study. This comprised narratives from people with lived experience of mental distress who additionally met one or more of the following criteria: (i) had experiences of psychosis; (ii) were from Black, Asian and other minoritised ethnic communities; (iii) are under-served by services (operationalised as lesbian, gay, bi, trans, queer + communities (LGBTQ+) or people identified as having multiple and complex needs); or (iv) had peer support roles. Two-part interviews were conducted (18 conducted by me). Part A consisted of an open-ended question designed to elicit a narrative, and part B was a semi-structured interview inviting participants to reflect on their experiences of telling their recovery stories in different contexts. Following Riessman’s analytical approach, I undertook three forms of analysis: a structural narrative analysis of Part A across the dataset (informed by a preliminary conceptual framework developed in Chapter 4); a thematic analysis of Part B where participants additionally reflected on telling their stories; and an in-depth performative narrative analysis of two accounts (parts A and B) from people with multiple and complex needs. Findings: In a structural analysis of Part A, the recovery narratives told by people from marginalised groups were found to be diverse and multidimensional. Most (97%) could be characterised by the nine dimensions described in the preliminary conceptual framework (Genre; Positioning; Emotional Tone; Relationship with Recovery; Trajectory; Turning Points; Narrative Sequence; Protagonists; and Use of Metaphors). Each dimension of the framework contained a number of different types. These were expanded as a result of the structural analysis to contain more types: for example, a ‘cyclical’ type of trajectory was added), and a more comprehensive typology of recovery narratives was produced. Two narratives were found to be ‘outliers’, in that their structure, form and content could not adequately be described by the majority of existing dimensions and types. These served as exemplars of the framework’s limitations. In a thematic analysis of Part B, my overarching finding was that power differentials between narrators and recipients could be seen as the key factor affecting participants’ experiences of telling their recovery stories in formal and everyday settings. Four themes describing the possibilities and problems raised by telling their stories were identified: (i) ‘Challenging the status quo’; (ii) ‘Risky consequences’; (iii) ‘Producing acceptable stories’ and (iv) ‘Untellable stories’. In a performative analysis of two narratives of people with multiple and complex needs (Parts A and B), I found two contrasting ways of responding to the invitation to tell a recovery story: a ‘narrative of personal lack’ and a ‘narrative of resistance’. I demonstrate how the genre of ‘recovery narrative’, with its focus on transformation at the level of personal identity, may function to occlude social and structural causes of distress, and reinforce ideas of personal responsibility for ongoing distress in the face of unchanging living conditions. Conclusion: The recovery narratives of people from socially marginalised groups are diverse and multidimensional. Told in some contexts, they may hold power to challenge the status quo. However, telling stories of lived experience and recovery is risky, and there may be pressure on narrators to produce ‘acceptable’ stories, or to omit or de-emphasise experiences which challenge dominant cultural narratives. A recovery-based approach to the use of lived experience narratives in research and practice may be contributing towards an over-emphasis on individualist approaches to the reduction of distress. This over-emphasis can be seen to reflect what has been identified as a global trend towards the ‘instrumental’ use of personal narratives for utilitarian purposes based on market values. Attention to power differentials and structural as well as agentic factors is vital to ensure that the use of narratives in research and practice does not contribute towards a decontextualised, reductionist form of recovery which pays insufficient attention to the economic, institutional and political injustices that people experiencing mental distress may systematically endure. A sensitive and socially just use of lived experience narratives will remain alert to a variety of power dimensions present within the contexts in which they are shared and hear

    Summer/Fall 2023

    Get PDF

    Exploring new avenues for the meta-analysis method in personality and social psychology research

    Get PDF
    This dissertation addresses theoretical validity and bias in meta-analytic research in personality and social psychology research. The conceptual starting point of the dissertation is research on ego depletion (Baumeister et al., 1998). In this line of research, hundreds of studies documented an experimental effect that probably does not exist, as was later revealed by extensive replication work (Hagger et al., 2010, 2016). This debacle has presumably been caused by dysfunctional structures and procedures in psychological science, such as widespread publication bias (Carter & McCullough, 2014). Unfortunately, these dysfunctionalities were (and in some cases still are) also prevalent in other areas of psychological research beside ego depletion (Ferguson & Brannick, 2012; Open Science Collaboration, 2015). Because extensive replication research is too costly to be repeated for all past work, it has been a contentious question what to do with research data that has been generated during an era of questionable research practices: should this research be abandoned or can some of it be salvaged? In four research papers, this dissertation project attempts to address these questions. In part I of the dissertation project, two papers highlight and analyze challenges when summarizing past research in social psychology and personality research. Paper 1 (Friese et al., 2017) attempted to find summary evidence for the effectiveness of self-control training, a research field related to ego depletion, but came to a sobering conclusion: The summary effect was small, likely inflated by publication bias, and could not be attributed beyond doubt to a theoretical mechanism. Paper 2 (Friese & Frankenbach, 2020) reported on a simulation study that showed how multiple sources of bias (publication bias, p-hacking) can interact with contextual factors and each other to create significant meta-analytic evidence from very small or even zero true effects. Part II of the dissertation project is an attempt to advance social-psychological and personality theory with meta-scientific work despite an unknowable risk of bias in the literature. In part II, two papers (Frankenbach et al., 2020, 2022) make use of one key idea: Re-using existing raw research data to test novel theoretical ideas in secondary (meta-)analyses. Results revealed that this idea helps towards both goals of the dissertation project, that is, advancing theory while reducing risk-of-bias. The general discussion analyses promises and limitations of such secondary data analyses in more detail and attempts to situate the idea more broadly in the psychological research toolkit by contrasting integrative versus innovative research. Further discussion covers how conceptual and technological innovations may facilitate more secondary data analyses in the future, and how such advances may pave the way for a slower, more incremental, but truly valid and cumulative psychological science.Die vorliegende Dissertation behandelt theoretischen ValiditĂ€t und Verzerrung (Bias) von meta-analytischer Forschung in der Persönlichkeits- und Sozialpsychologie. Der konzeptuelle Ausgangspunkt der Dissertation ist die Forschung zu „Ego Depletion“ (Baumeister et al., 1998). In dieser Forschungslinie haben hunderte von Studien einen Effekt belegt, der, wie sich spĂ€ter durch umfangreiche Replikationsarbeiten (Hagger et al., 2010, 2016) herausstellte, vermutlich nicht existiert. Dieses Debakel wurde mutmaßlich mitverursacht durch dysfunktionale Strukturen und Prozesse in der psychologischen Forschung, insbesondere Publikationsbias („publication bias“). UnglĂŒcklicherweise lagen (und liegen) diese DysfunktionalitĂ€ten neben Ego Depletion auch in anderen psychologischen Forschungsbereichen vor (Ferguson & Brannick, 2012; Open Science Collaboration, 2015). Da aus KostengrĂŒnden nicht alle Forschungsarbeiten der Vergangenheit repliziert werden können, ergibt sich eine kritische Frage: Wie soll mit psychologischer Forschung umgegangen werden, die unter mutmaßlich verzerrenden Bedingungen generiert wurde? Sollte diese Forschung ad acta gelegt werden oder können Teile davon weiterverwendet werden? Das vorliegende Dissertationsprojekt versucht im Rahmen von vier ForschungsbeitrĂ€gen sich diesen Fragen anzunĂ€hern. Im ersten Teil der Dissertation beleuchten und analysieren zwei ForschungsbeitrĂ€ge Probleme und Herausforderungen, die sich bei der Zusammenfassung von bestehender Forschung der Sozial- und Persönlichkeitspsychologie ergeben. Der erste Beitrag (Friese et al., 2017) versucht in einer Meta-Analyse Evidenz fĂŒr die Wirksamkeit von Selbstkontrolltrainings zu finden, aber kommt zu einem ernĂŒchternden Ergebnis: Die Gesamteffekte sind klein, mutmaßlich durch Publikationsbias fĂ€lschlich ĂŒberhöht und können ĂŒberdies nicht zweifelsfrei einem theoretischen Kausalmechanismus zugeordnet werden. Der zweite Beitrag (Friese & Frankenbach, 2020) umfasst eine Simulationsstudie, die aufzeigt, wie verschiedene Formen von Bias (Publikationsbias und sog. „p-hacking“) miteinander und mit Kontextfaktoren interagieren können, wodurch signifikante, meta-analytische Effekte aus sehr kleinen wahren Effekten oder sogar Nulleffekten entstehen können. Der zweite Teil der Dissertation versucht, trotz eines unbestimmbaren Bias-Risikos, Fortschritte in der sozial- und persönlichkeitspsychologischen Theorie zu erzielen. Zu diesem Zweck wird in zwei ForschungsbeitrĂ€gen (Frankenbach et al., 2020, 2022) auf eine SchlĂŒssel-Idee zurĂŒckgegriffen: Die Testung von neuen theoretischen Hypothesen unter Wiederverwendung von existierenden Forschungsdaten in SekundĂ€rdatenanalysen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass dieser Ansatz tatsĂ€chlich dazu beitragen kann, theoretische Fortschritte mit vermindertem Verzerrungsrisiko zu machen. Die anschließende, ĂŒbergreifende Diskussion behandelt Möglichkeiten und Limitationen solcher SekundĂ€rdatenanalysen und versucht, den Ansatz in einer GegenĂŒberstellung von integrativer und innovativer Forschung ĂŒbergreifender in die psychologische Forschungsmethodik einzuordnen. Im Weiteren wird diskutiert, wie konzeptuelle und technologische Entwicklungen in der Zukunft SekundĂ€rdatenanalysen erleichtern könnten und wie solche Fortschritte den Weg ebnen könnten fĂŒr eine langsamere, inkrementelle, aber wahrhaft valide und kumulative psychologische Wissenschaft.German Research Foundation (DFG): "Die Rolle mentaler Anstrengung bei Ego Depletion

    Preservice Teacher Intersectional Awareness: A Qualitative Inquiry

    Get PDF
    The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the intersectional awareness of preservice general education teachers as experienced through an internship in an urban, Title 1 funded school. Intersectionality Theory (Boveda, 2016; Crenshaw, 1990; Dill & Zambrana, 2009; Jones & Wijeyesinghe, 2011) was used as a theoretical framework to inform this study. A descriptive phenomenological design (Creswell, 2013; Moustakas, 1994) was used to examine preservice teachers\u27 (PSTs)lived experiences within their teacher preparation program courses and internship. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews with preservice general education teachers. Data analysis was completed using Colaizzi\u27s (1978) seven-step process as outlined by Sanders (2003). Thematic analysis resulted in three primary themes around how participants experienced intersectionality in their internship experiences. The primary themes included: (a) Understanding my role and identity as an intern and teacher in an urban, Title 1 funded school; (b) Acknowledging the context of my students and my school; and (c) Serving all students through my knowledge, skills, and dispositions. Data and results from this study inform research, practice, and policy related to intersectionality and its application to teacher education to advance educational equity. This research builds upon the work of scholars committed to enhancing teacher education to develop teachers with the knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed to serve all students
    • 

    corecore