Detection and Neutralization of Threats from Improvised Explosive Devices (types CBRN-CIED)

Various forms of threats, technological accidents, especially in the chemical industry and military complexes which cause major damages to humans, assets and environment, draw attention to development of new technological means to eliminate danger without the risk for human life. This determines the equipment logistic for the protection and rescue system. In line with this, the article presents the development of a robotized system for detection of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats (CBRN), and for detection and neutralization of improvised explosive devices (CIED). In addition, a prototype model of a robotic vehicle is constructed. Reconnaissance, terrain and object mapping are of great importance so that the operators and technicians have at their disposal an option of multiple analysis of a problem. The basic feature of using a robotized machine is the replacement of EOD and CBRN technicians in various life-threatening situations. Citizens\u27 trust is of greatest and crucial importance for providing safety in such extraordinary situations. In order to meet the strict tactical and technical requirements, the robotised system comprises the stealth platform, working tools, a control console, a manipulator arm for complex actions, a CBRN detector, an additional EOD robot for terrain scouting and sample taking, an unmanned reconnaissance aircraft and a mobile command center. The prototype model of a robotic vehicle shows that the project is both technically and economically feasible on the basis of a tracked machine with battery propulsion, the Ultra Low Profile dozer. Existing resources and experience in development of specialized machines are significant for the development of a robotised system

Environmental Applications of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Multi-Service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Reconnaissance and Surveillance

Small unmanned aircraft systems can be used for a variety of environmental applications. SUAS under 50 kg have the most utility at the tactical level and benefit from the research and development of systems currently being manufactured. Integrating chemical sensors into these systems can enhance Multi-service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Reconnaissance and Surveillance. Considering the advantages and disadvantages in the fundamental science of twelve detection technologies, four types of sensors emerged as candidates for SUAS integration. Using specifications from commercial-off-the-shelf sensors, these four detection technologies (Electrochemical, Metal Oxide Semiconductor, Photoionization, and Catalytic Bead) were further evaluated on five parameters (response time, sensitivity, selectivity, power, and weight). Based on this research, MOS detectors are the top detection technology for SUAS employment and integration. In addition to classic chemical warfare agents, toxic industrial chemicals pose a risk to both civilian and military personnel. Eighty-five hazardous chemicals were identified by cross-referencing chemicals detectable using these four technologies with CWA and TIC of interest based on their toxicity and or security issue. Finally, a multi-objective decision model provides a basic decision aid for employing SUAS as a CBRN R and S asset in a tactical environment

Security and defence research in the European Union: a landscape review

This landscape report describes the state of play of the European Union’s policies and activities in security and defence and the EU-funded research aimed at supporting them, with an exclusive focus on intentional harm. It is organised around several thematic building blocks under the umbrella of the three core priorities defined in the European agenda on security. The report reviews the current main risks and threats but also those that may emerge within the next 5 years, the policy and operational means developed to combat them, the main active stakeholders and the EU legislation in force. In this context, a short history of EU research on security and defence is presented, followed by an inventory of relevant research and development projects funded under the Horizon 2020 framework programme during the period 2014-2018. The specific contributions of the Joint Research Centre to security research are also highlighted. Finally, future avenues for security and defence research and development are discussed. Please note that the executive summary of this landscape report has been published simultaneously as a companion document.JRC.E.7-Knowledge for Security and Migratio

DRONE DELIVERY OF CBNRECy – DEW WEAPONS Emerging Threats of Mini-Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption (WMDD)

Drone Delivery of CBNRECy – DEW Weapons: Emerging Threats of Mini-Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption (WMDD) is our sixth textbook in a series covering the world of UASs and UUVs. Our textbook takes on a whole new purview for UAS / CUAS/ UUV (drones) – how they can be used to deploy Weapons of Mass Destruction and Deception against CBRNE and civilian targets of opportunity. We are concerned with the future use of these inexpensive devices and their availability to maleficent actors. Our work suggests that UASs in air and underwater UUVs will be the future of military and civilian terrorist operations. UAS / UUVs can deliver a huge punch for a low investment and minimize human casualties.https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/1046/thumbnail.jp

Horizon 2020-funded security research projects with dual-use potential: An overview (2014-2018)

The analysis carried out in this report facilitates the identification of dual-use research topics and projects funded under Horizon 2020 that have a dual-use civilian/military potential, the results of which could be applied both by security and defence stakeholders (including industry). In this way, it could support the future security and defence research programmes in their attempt of avoiding duplication of investments and promoting synergies.JRC.E.7-Knowledge for Security and Migratio

innovative technologies for chemical security

AbstractAdvances across the chemical and biological (life) sciences are increasingly enabled by ideas and tools from sectors outside these disciplines, with information and communication technologies playing a key role across 21st century scientific development. In the face of rapid technological change, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), the implementing body of the Chemical Weapons Convention ("the Convention"), seeks technological opportunities to strengthen capabilities in the field of chemical disarmament. The OPCW Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) in its review of developments in science and technology examined the potential uses of emerging technologies for the implementation of the Convention at a workshop entitled "Innovative Technologies for Chemical Security", held from 3 to 5 July 2017, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The event, organized in cooperation with the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine of the United States of America, the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, and the Brazilian Chemical Society, was attended by 45 scientists and engineers from 22 countries. Their insights into the use of innovative technological tools and how they might benefit chemical disarmament and non-proliferation informed the SAB's report on developments in science and technology for the Fourth Review Conference of the Convention (to be held in November 2018), and are described herein, as are recommendations that the SAB submitted to the OPCW Director-General and the States Parties of the Convention. It is concluded that technologies exist or are under development that could be used for investigations, contingency, assistance and protection, reducing risks to inspectors, and enhancing sampling and analysis

INTEROPERABILITY FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION IN MARITIME EXTENDED FRAMEWORK

This thesis reports on the most relevant researches performed during the years of the Ph.D. at the Genova University and within the Simulation Team. The researches have been performed according to M&S well known recognized standards. The studies performed on interoperable simulation cover all the environments of the Extended Maritime Framework, namely Sea Surface, Underwater, Air, Coast & Land, Space and Cyber Space. The applications cover both the civil and defence domain. The aim is to demonstrate the potential of M&S applications for the Extended Maritime Framework, applied to innovative unmanned vehicles as well as to traditional assets, human personnel included. A variety of techniques and methodology have been fruitfully applied in the researches, ranging from interoperable simulation, discrete event simulation, stochastic simulation, artificial intelligence, decision support system and even human behaviour modelling

International Law and Chemical, Biological, Radio-Nuclear (CBRN) Events

This book explores the interplay between International Law and Chemical, Biological, Radio-Nuclear (CBRN) risks. An all-hazards approach is adopted to cover events of intentional, accidental and natural origin, and international obligations are presented according to the phases of the emergency management cycle, including prevention, preparedness, response and recovery

Design in Engineering: An Evaluation of Civilian and Military Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platforms, Considering Smart Sensing with Ethical Design to Embody Mitigation Against Asymmetric Hostile Actor Exploitation

This report is written in part-fulfilment of personal output criteria for the Visiting Research Fellowship (Sir Richard Grenville Fellowship) at the Changing Character of War Centre, Pembroke College, Oxford, and the Centre for Sea Power and Strategy, Britannia Royal Naval College, Plymouth University at BRNC, Dartmouth. In this report I undertook an extensive analysis of the maritime UAV platform systems sector of a wide range of upstream manufacturing industry and downstream end user stakeholders. I consulted a global range of military and civilian users, to inform discussions around civilian UAV platforms which could be modified by hostile non-state actors, with emphasis on the littoral maritime region. This has strategic relevance to the United Kingdom, being an island-state with over 10,000 miles of coastline, c. 600 ports, and nearly 300 off-shore oil and gas platforms. In addition the UK has 14 dependencies together with a combined EEZ of 2.5 million square miles, the fifth largest in the world