1,180 research outputs found

    Selection of the key earth observation sensors and platforms focusing on applications for Polar Regions in the scope of Copernicus system 2020-2030

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    An optimal payload selection conducted in the frame of the H2020 ONION project (id 687490) is presented based on the ability to cover the observation needs of the Copernicus system in the time period 2020–2030. Payload selection is constrained by the variables that can be measured, the power consumption, and weight of the instrument, and the required accuracy and spatial resolution (horizontal or vertical). It involved 20 measurements with observation gaps according to the user requirements that were detected in the top 10 use cases in the scope of Copernicus space infrastructure, 9 potential applied technologies, and 39 available commercial platforms. Additional Earth Observation (EO) infrastructures are proposed to reduce measurements gaps, based on a weighting system that assigned high relevance for measurements associated to Marine for Weather Forecast over Polar Regions. This study concludes with a rank and mapping of the potential technologies and the suitable commercial platforms to cover most of the requirements of the top ten use cases, analyzing the Marine for Weather Forecast, Sea Ice Monitoring, Fishing Pressure, and Agriculture and Forestry: Hydric stress as the priority use cases.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

    CIRA annual report 2007-2008

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    The Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas (COSYNA)

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    The Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas (COSYNA) was established in order to better understand the complex interdisciplinary processes of northern seas and the Arctic coasts in a changing environment. Particular focus is given to the German Bight in the North Sea as a prime example of a heavily used coastal area, and Svalbard as an example of an Arctic coast that is under strong pressure due to global change. The COSYNA automated observing and modelling system is designed to monitor real-time conditions and provide short-term forecasts, data, and data products to help assess the impact of anthropogenically induced change. Observations are carried out by combining satellite and radar remote sensing with various in situ platforms. Novel sensors, instruments, and algorithms are developed to further improve the understanding of the interdisciplinary interactions between physics, biogeochemistry, and the ecology of coastal seas. New modelling and data assimilation techniques are used to integrate observations and models in a quasi-operational system providing descriptions and forecasts of key hydrographic variables. Data and data products are publicly available free of charge and in real time. They are used by multiple interest groups in science, agencies, politics, industry, and the public

    Arctic Domain Awareness Center DHS Center of Excellence (COE): Project Work Plan

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    As stated by the DHS Science &Technology Directorate, “The increased and diversified use of maritime spaces in the Arctic - including oil and gas exploration, commercial activities, mineral speculation, and recreational activities (tourism) - is generating new challenges and risks for the U.S. Coast Guard and other DHS maritime missions.” Therefore, DHS will look towards the new ADAC for research to identify better ways to create transparency in the maritime domain along coastal regions and inland waterways, while integrating information and intelligence among stakeholders. DHS expects the ADAC to develop new ideas to address these challenges, provide a scientific basis, and develop new approaches for U.S. Coast Guard and other DHS maritime missions. ADAC will also contribute towards the education of both university students and mid-career professionals engaged in maritime security. The US is an Arctic nation, and the Arctic environment is dynamic. We have less multi-year ice and more open water during the summer causing coastal villages to experience unprecedented storm surges and coastal erosion. Decreasing sea ice is also driving expanded oil exploration, bringing risks of oil spills. Tourism is growing rapidly, and our fishing fleet and commercial shipping activities are increasing as well. There continues to be anticipation of an economic pressure to open up a robust northwest passage for commercial shipping. To add to the stresses of these changes is the fact that these many varied activities are spread over an immense area with little connecting infrastructure. The related maritime security issues are many, and solutions demand increasing maritime situational awareness and improved crisis response capabilities, which are the focuses of our Work Plan. UAA understands the needs and concerns of the Arctic community. It is situated on Alaska’s Southcentral coast with the port facility through which 90% of goods for Alaska arrive. It is one of nineteen US National Strategic Seaports for the US DOD, and its airport is among the top five in the world for cargo throughput. However, maritime security is a national concern and although our focus is on the Arctic environment, we will expand our scope to include other areas in the Lower 48 states. In particular, we will develop sensor systems, decision support tools, ice and oil spill models that include oil in ice, and educational programs that are applicable to the Arctic as well as to the Great Lakes and Northeast. The planned work as detailed in this document addresses the DHS mission as detailed in the National Strategy for Maritime Security, in particular, the mission to Maximize Domain Awareness (pages 16 and 17.) This COE will produce systems to aid in accomplishing two of the objectives of this mission. They are: 1) Sensor Technology developing sensor packages for airborne, underwater, shore-based, and offshore platforms, and 2) Automated fusion and real-time simulation and modeling systems for decision support and planning. An integral part of our efforts will be to develop new methods for sharing of data between platforms, sensors, people, and communities.United States Department of Homeland SecurityCOE ADAC Objective/Purpose / Methodology / Center Management Team and Partners / Evaluation and Transition Plans / USCG Stakeholder Engagement / Workforce Development Strategy / Individual Work Plan by Projects Within a Theme / Appendix A / Appendix B / Appendix
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