Aeronautical Engineering: A continuing bibliography, supplement 124

This bibliography, lists 450 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in June 1980

The Scandinavian contribution to national accounting

Paper for The IARIW twenty-second general conference Rims, Switzerland August 30 - September 5, 1992. Session 8 A - History of National Accounts and the Development of National Accounting concepts.This paper surveys developments in national accounting theory and methodology in Scandinavia, with the focus on the period from around 1930 to around 1955 when modern national accounting was born. Sections 2-4 provide a chronology by countries and authors, with particular attention paid to the pioneering efforts of Ragnar Frisch and Erik Lindahl. Drawing on these, sections 5 and 6 summarize by subject matter the ideas contributed to national accounting by Scandinavian economists. Developments since 1955 are noted briefly in section 7

Energy: A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 32

This bibliography lists 1316 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system from October 1, 1981 through December 31, 1981

Transportation Sector Model of the National Energy Modeling System. Volume 2 -- Appendices: Part 2

The attachments contained within this appendix provide additional details about the model development and estimation process which do not easily lend themselves to incorporation in the main body of the model documentation report. The information provided in these attachments is not integral to the understanding of the model`s operation, but provides the reader with opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of some of the model`s underlying assumptions. There will be a slight degree of replication of materials found elsewhere in the documentation, made unavoidable by the dictates of internal consistency. Each attachment is associated with a specific component of the transportation model; the presentation follows the same sequence of modules employed in Volume 1. The following attachments are contained in Appendix F: Fuel Economy Model (FEM)--provides a discussion of the FEM vehicle demand and performance by size class models; Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Model--describes data input sources and extrapolation methodologies; Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Stock Model--discusses the fuel economy gap estimation methodology; Light Duty Vehicle Fleet Model--presents the data development for business, utility, and government fleet vehicles; Light Commercial Truck Model--describes the stratification methodology and data sources employed in estimating the stock and performance of LCT`s; Air Travel Demand Model--presents the derivation of the demographic index, used to modify estimates of personal travel demand; and Airborne Emissions Model--describes the derivation of emissions factors used to associate transportation measures to levels of airborne emissions of several pollutants

Aeronautical Engineering: A cumulative index to the 1980 issue

This bibliography is a cumulative index to reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system. Abstracts for the entries cited appeared in issues 119 through 130 of Aeronautical Engineering: A Continuing Bibliography (NASA SP-7037). Subject, personal author, corporate author, contract number, and report/accession number indexes are provided

The Institutional and Policy Framework for Foreign Investment in the Eastern Caribbean, Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands

This Article provides an overview, based in part on the author\u27s field survey, of the investment laws and policies of the Eastern Caribbean subregion. The island states of the Eastern Caribbean offer foreign investors unique opportunities. Among the reasons that these states should attract investment is the close relation between the two two neighboring islands, Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands, and the United States; this relation offers the Eastern Caribbean states ready access to the U.S. market. The author examines these relations and the institutional frameworks for investment employed by the various states. The Article raises questions about the value of providing investments and maintains that other factors, such as the level of worker training and the existence of necessary infrastructure, are also significant. The Article concludes that most Eastern Caribbean states would be well served by centrally locating their investment centers in divisions of existing governmental ministries. Through these investment centers, the states should tap into the technological knowledge of the private sector, focus on long-term investment priorities, and prepare to manage large-scale investment. Moreover, these states should examine their investment codes to ensure their clarity to foreign investors. The author also concludes that the states of the Eastern Caribbean should continue to offer comprehensive incentive packages because different investors are attracted by different types of incentives

Knowledge-Driven Implicit Information Extraction

Natural language is a powerful tool developed by humans over hundreds of thousands of years. The extensive usage, flexibility of the language, creativity of the human beings, and social, cultural, and economic changes that have taken place in daily life have added new constructs, styles, and features to the language. One such feature of the language is its ability to express ideas, opinions, and facts in an implicit manner. This is a feature that is used extensively in day to day communications in situations such as: 1) expressing sarcasm, 2) when trying to recall forgotten things, 3) when required to convey descriptive information, 4) when emphasizing the features of an entity, and 5) when communicating a common understanding. Consider the tweet New Sandra Bullock astronaut lost in space movie looks absolutely terrifying and the text snippet extracted from a clinical narrative He is suffering from nausea and severe headaches. Dolasteron was prescribed . The tweet has an implicit mention of the entity Gravity and the clinical text snippet has implicit mention of the relationship between medication Dolasteron and clinical condition nausea . Such implicit references of the entities and the relationships are common occurrences in daily communication and they add value to conversations. However, extracting implicit constructs has not received enough attention in the information extraction literature. This dissertation focuses on extracting implicit entities and relationships from clinical narratives and extracting implicit entities from Tweets. When people use implicit constructs in their daily communication, they assume the existence of a shared knowledge with the audience about the subject being discussed. This shared knowledge helps to decode implicitly conveyed information. For example, the above Twitter user assumed that his/her audience knows that the actress Sandra Bullock starred in the movie Gravity and it is a movie about space exploration. The clinical professional who wrote the clinical narrative above assumed that the reader knows that Dolasteron is an anti-nausea drug. The audience without such domain knowledge may not have correctly decoded the information conveyed in the above examples. This dissertation demonstrates manifestations of implicit constructs in text, studies their characteristics, and develops a software solution that is capable of extracting implicit information from text. The developed solution starts by acquiring relevant knowledge to solve the implicit information extraction problem. The relevant knowledge includes domain knowledge, contextual knowledge, and linguistic knowledge. The acquired knowledge can take different syntactic forms such as a text snippet, structured knowledge represented in standard knowledge representation languages such as the Resource Description Framework (RDF) or other custom formats. Hence, the acquired knowledge is pre-processed to create models that can be processed by machines. Such models provide the infrastructure to perform implicit information extraction. This dissertation focuses on three different use cases of implicit information and demonstrates the applicability of the developed solution in these use cases. They are: 1) implicit entity linking in clinical narratives, 2) implicit entity linking in Twitter, and 3) implicit relationship extraction from clinical narratives. The evaluations are conducted on relevant annotated datasets for implicit information and they demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed solution in extracting implicit information from text

Strategic sourcing in a direct import supply chain with increasing globalization trends while mitigating risk

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-82).This thesis explores how a retailer should determine whether to source goods domestically vs. directly by imports through international sourcing. Through the research a landed cost model was developed and designed to calculate the total landed cost of items that were shipped from overseas locations into the US. The landed cost model is different from typical models in that it integrates the physical size of the item to be imported into the total landed cost considerations. With the landed cost estimates at SKU level, the decision of whether to import or to source domestically is derived. What attributes make better import candidates over others given that a landed cost calculator outputs "yes" to import? What are some of the risks? In addition to creating a landed cost calculator, the research presents approaches around these questions. The characteristics of good import candidates are analyzed through evaluating the variables that contribute to total landed cost. Basker and Van (2008) present theories that examine the two way relationship between the size of a dominant retailer and the imports of consumer goods. They conclude that a chain needs to reach a threshold size before it begins to import. Benchmark studies of import giants like Wal-Mart are presented in this paper to understand how a longer history in the retail sector along with a robust IT infrastructure gives a company an advantage in importing retail goods. The results of this research can help retail companies with new and small import programs understand the variables that are needed to calculate total landed costs with the consideration of container utilization. Additionally it will help the retailer to decide on the best items to import in a smaller program until they can acquire economies of scale through higher import quantities. Ordering methods such as the Periodic Order Quantity Method (POQ) for fixed order periods with variable demand and Newsvendor models for advance ordering are also addressed. The results show that given several import items of varying sizes, there is an optimum region of importing which relates to COGS, size, inventory holding cost, delta of domestic to imports COGS, demand and other costs. The retailer can find this optimum region by applying analytical techniques to evaluate the candidates that are under consideration for importing. In addition to these findings, the organizational and infrastructural needs of a small imports program are addressed. The research also ties in globalization of the retail industry and the world market economy into shifts in the retailer's decisions.by Sophia E. Scipio.M.B.A.S.M