Integrating children's perspectives in policy-making to combat poverty and social exclusion experienced by single-parent families: a transnational comparative approach

This is the final report of a research project that addressed social exclusion and poverty as it relates to single parent families and their children in particular. The rising numbers of single parent families and children throughout the EU and the increased likelihood that these families will live in poverty and experience many different forms of social exclusion in their daily lives brings in sharp focus the need to address the issue as an urgent one in our efforts to eradicate poverty and social exclusion. The focus on the children of single parent families seeks to rectify a long-standing problem in our knowledge and understanding of single parent families and the social problems they face, namely, the fact that little, if anything, is known about how these children experience and understand their lives as members of these families. The research set out to contribute to policy development and the transnational exchange of best practice by adding a much-neglected dimension on single parent families. The project used a cross-national comparative qualitative research design and methods (Mangen 1999) which involved all partners in the design of each research phase including the analysis; partners were England, Cyprus and Greece

Household Composition and Gender Differences in Parental Time Investments

Recent research documents a female advantage in several important long-term outcomes among children raised in single-parent households, and highlights the importance of non-cognitive skills for explaining these gaps. Understanding the source of differences in non-cognitive skills is complicated due to the presence of many interrelated and often unobservable inputs. One potential explanation for such gaps is that boys and girls receive different levels of inputs in single-parent versus two-parent households. This paper provides empirical evidence that input levels change differentially by gender across household structures and hence may facilitate gender gaps in noncognitive skills. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and accompanying Child Development Supplement, I estimate gender differences in parental time investments, defined as the amount of time parents spend participating in activities with the child, around changes in household composition. I find that, although both boys and girls experience reductions in parental time investments following a change from a two-parent to single-mother household, boys experience a larger reduction than girls. The largest difference is found in fathers’ time investments on weekdays, for which boys lose an additional 24 minutes per day (35% of average paternal weekday investments). Moreover, there is little to no evidence that single mothers compensate for the loss by increasing time investments to boys relative to girls.IES, U.S. Department of Education Award #R305B09001

Pengalaman Single Parent dalam Mengasuh Anak Usia Pra-Sekolah (6 Tahun)

This study aims to determine the experience of a single parent in caring for preschool-aged children (6 years) in the District of Buleleng. The research method used in this study is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The results of this study used in-depth interviews using collaizi analysis, which resulted in 3 themes: the causes of single parenting, the obstacles experienced after becoming a single parent, and the impact of single parents in parenting. In conclusion, the results of this study for single parents can increase knowledge about the struggles of a single parent.   Keywords: Children, Experience, Parenting, Single Paren

Fenomena Komunikasi Wanita Karir Single Parent Dikota Pekanbaru

Career women who are single parent is no longer ordinary to be performed thanks to women emancipation that make women are equal to men and no longer considered as taboo in the public opinion. Without their spouse, a single parent woman can be a success in raising kids and their career. Woman prefer to retain divorced from marriage, while living uncomfortable. A woman will prefer to ask for divorce rather than struggle with irritating marriage. A woman who wants to be a housewife but they have to face financial problems in their life and at the end, they have to work outside with all their efforts. This study aims to reveal motive in the future that by holding single parent status, its meaning, and reveal communication experiences for career women who is single parent in Pekanbaru City.This study uses qualitative research method with phenomenology approach. Subject for this study are 3 (three) career women who is single parent in Pekanbaru City which categorized by purposif method and obtained by using snowball technique. Data collection obtained by deep interview, observation, and literature study.Study result concludes that motives for career women in the future with single parent status are struggle, life style, and craving for activities. Whilst other motives are to achieve success and hoping for new spouse. Meaning that they have to keep is accepting their status as single parent and convince to live independently. Communication experience categorized into 2 groups, which are positive communication experience, such as advice from family, support from relatives to live, good suggestion from environment, and negative communication experience such as gossip for their single parent status, family talk, and widow status which always being debate topic in their neighborhood and colleagues.Keyword: phenomenon, career women, single parent, motives, meaning, communication experienc

Societal Structure and Stability in Low-Income Families in Arkansas

Societal structure is not built to support a single-parent household positively. This can be shown by research measuring children’s development in poverty, the median household income of single parents, and food insecurities and obesity of children in poverty. The first goal of this research is to investigate the patterns of struggle that single-parent families experience in low-income households. These patterns of struggle in low-income households will include poverty, race/ethnicity, and child development (e.g., education). The second goal is to investigate the policies in place to help single-parent families and why they are inefficient in assisting them. These goals helped narrow down previous research findings that brought to the surface the disadvantages single-parent families experience, why stability is critical for child development, and how poverty can impact upbringing (e.g., food insecurities)

Modeling Molecular Magnets with Large Exchange and On-Site Anisotropies

Spins in molecular magnets can experience both anisotropic exchange interactions and on-site magnetic anisotropy. In this paper we study the effect of exchange anisotropy on the molecular magnetic anisotropy both with and without on-site anisotropy. When both the anisotropies are small, we find that the axial anisotropy parameter $D_M$ in the effective spin Hamiltonian is the sum of the individual contributions due to exchange and on-site anisotropies. We find that even for axial anisotropy of about $15\%$, the low energy spectrum does not correspond to a single parent spin manifold but has intruders states arising from other parent spin. In this case, the low energy spectrum can not be described by an effective Hamiltonian spanning the parent spin space. We study the magnetic susceptibility, specific heat as a function of temperature and magnetization as a function of applied field to characterize the system in this limit. We find that there is synergy between the two anisotropies, particularly for large systems with higher site spins.Comment: 30 pages, 11 figures and 3 tables. Supporting information included after the main articl

Resilience as mediator in the relationship between family functioning and depression among adolescents from single parent families

Family dysfunction makes many adolescents experience problems in adjusting themselves in single-parent families. Resilient adolescents cope by interpreting life in single-parent family as a meaningful and empowering transition while non-resilient adolescents often experience anxiety and depression. This study aims to examine the mediator effect of resilience in the relationship between family functioning and depression among adolescents from single parent families. The participants were 232 adolescents who came from single parent families, with ages 13 to 18 years old. Data were collected from 8 secondary schools in Klang Valley using a set of questionnaire consisting the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales III, The Resilience Scale and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Pearson correlation analysis showed that all the variables in this study were significantly correlated with each other. Results showed that resilience significantly mediated the relationship between family adaptability and depression. However, resilience partially mediated the relationship between family cohesion and depression. The strong emotional bonding among family members can serve as a significant social support for family members. When adolescents have adequate social support from their family, it will foster the process of resilience reintegration. Hence, family cohesion has a stronger relationship with resilience compared to family adaptability that emphasised on family’s leadership, rules and roles. This implies that adolescents from single parent family should be assisted in strengthening and building their resilience despite staying in the dysfunctional family to reduce their depression tendencies

Strategi Coping Pada Ibu Single Parent

Single parent mother is a condition where a woman has two concurrent roles, namely as mother which is its main position and also as father it can happen because of separation or death of the couple's world then decided not to remarry then raise their children alone. Being a single parent mother has a greater responsibility for having to take care of a child alone, working to meet the economic and educational needs of her children. The severity of the responsibilities and difficulties encountered can make the single parent mother depressed to the problems faced hence to reduce or eliminate the pressure, single parent mother need to do coping strategy. The purpose of this research is to know and describe coping strategy done by single parent mother. This research uses qualitative approach with subject in this research amounted 6 person with characteristic, single parent status mother and become member of PEPABRI. File collection using semi structured interviews. Based on the results of this study indicates that single parent mothers experience problems after the departure of their husbands in the form of social problems where they feel less appreciated after the departure of their husbands, economic problems to finance children's education and household needs, and psychological problems of loneliness after the departure of the husband felt that nothing could be shared together to exchange ideas. Single parent mothers face problems that arise in various ways. There are two forms of coping strategies that have been revealed in this research, among others, coping strategies based on problems by finding or planning problem solving to make the situation better, and coping strategies based on emotions

Strategi Coping Pada Ibu Single Parent

Single parent mother is a condition where a woman has two concurrent roles, namely as mother which is its main position and also as father it can happen because of separation or death of the couple's world then decided not to remarry then raise their children alone. Being a single parent mother has a greater responsibility for having to take care of a child alone, working to meet the economic and educational needs of her children. The severity of the responsibilities and difficulties encountered can make the single parent mother depressed to the problems faced hence to reduce or eliminate the pressure, single parent mother need to do coping strategy. The purpose of this research is to know and describe coping strategy done by single parent mother. This research uses qualitative approach with subject in this research amounted 6 person with characteristic, single parent status mother and become member of PEPABRI. File collection using semi structured interviews. Based on the results of this study indicates that single parent mothers experience problems after the departure of their husbands in the form of social problems where they feel less appreciated after the departure of their husbands, economic problems to finance children's education and household needs, and psychological problems of loneliness after the departure of the husband felt that nothing could be shared together to exchange ideas. Single parent mothers face problems that arise in various ways. There are two forms of coping strategies that have been revealed in this research, among others, coping strategies based on problems by finding or planning problem solving to make the situation better, and coping strategies based on emotions

THE ROLES OF SINGLE PARENT

The phenomenon of single parents in these last decades has grown in many countries. The phenomenon of single parent mothers in Indonesia has increased since 2004 to 2006. Being a single parent in a household is not easy, especially for a wife who was left behind by her husband, either due to death or a divorce. It requires continuous and determined struggle to successfully raise children alone as well as fulfilling the needs for daily living for the family. A single parent mother has a great task as she has to fulfill two roles, both as a father as well as a mother. Therefore, this research aims to describe the double role of single-parent mothers, the self-adaptation process regarding fulfillment of double family roles by single-parent mothers, as well as coping strategies of single parent mothers in fulfilling her double roles in the family. This research was designed as a qualitative research. Research subjects included (a) young adult women whose age ranged from 24 to 39 years old, who works both as a housewife (domestic) as well as having a job in the public sector, (b) was a widow (due to spouse’s death), (c) has a role as a single parent with child, and (d) has become a single parent for at least three years. This research used open interview method with a general guideline for the interview. Research results showed that all subjects experience the loss of their spouses negatively and tended to not have any preparation on becoming a widow initially. However, as time progressed, the four subjects were able to accept their role as single parents. Emotional focused coping strategies and problem focused coping strategies were commonly found to have a role in resolving problems associated with the role of a single parent.  Article visualizations