The Organisational Work of Lady Ishbel Aberdeen, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair. (1857-1939)

It is ray proposal to base my thesis on the movements and institutions established by Lady Ishbel Aberdeen, and those other organisations to which she became affiliated. The Countess of Aberdeen was wife of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, John Campbell Gordon, the 7th Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Haddo. They served in Ireland firstly and briefly in 1886, and more fully in the period 1906 until 1915. Politically they were Liberals and therefore supporters of Gladstone and his plans for Home Rule. Between these two periods in office in Ireland they served in many different capacities on behalf of the British government, including the post of Viceroyalty to Canada which they held from 1893-97

The Organisational Work of Lady Ishbel Aberdeen, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair. (1857-1939)

It is ray proposal to base my thesis on the movements and institutions established by Lady Ishbel Aberdeen, and those other organisations to which she became affiliated. The Countess of Aberdeen was wife of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, John Campbell Gordon, the 7th Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Haddo. They served in Ireland firstly and briefly in 1886, and more fully in the period 1906 until 1915. Politically they were Liberals and therefore supporters of Gladstone and his plans for Home Rule. Between these two periods in office in Ireland they served in many different capacities on behalf of the British government, including the post of Viceroyalty to Canada which they held from 1893-97

Gladstone, Religious Freedom and Practical Reasoning

W.E. Gladstone’s changing and inconsistent views on religious oaths and established churches present an intriguing puzzle. This article compares and contrasts his early and later stances on these topics with the purpose of evaluating the place of practical judgments in his arguments. This exploration reveals that the prevailing description of Gladstone’s views, which privileges the role practicality played in his later support for a more liberal set of policies governing church–state relations, does not explain the changes and inconsistencies in his position as well as does a description that emphasizes the changes and continuities in his fundamental philosophy. In conclusion, connections are suggested between this explanation of Gladstone’s views and theoretical considerations regarding the development of liberal freedoms

Railway regulation in 19th Century Britain: the economic rationale and legacy of Gladstone and Chadwick

This paper examines the economic rationale of the ideas of Gladstone & Chadwick on railway regulation and the legacy of their ideas. In 1844 Gladstone proposed and implemented what we would now call price and quantity regulation whereas in 1859 Chadwick proposed competition "for the field", i.e. the establishment of a temporary monopoly or franchise, for a given period. The thinking of Gladstone had been influenced by the classical school of economic thought, most notably J R McCulloch, whilst Chadwick had ideas influenced by his association with Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. This ideas still impact today; the basic pattern of price and some quantity regulation inaugurated by Gladstone was not abolished until the 1960 Transport Act whilst Chadwicks idea of temporary licenses or franchises came back into vogue when the railways were privatised in 1997.Britain, nineteenth century, railway regulation, classical school, J R McCulloch, Edwin Chadwick, John Stuart Mill

“An Italian of the Vatican type” : The Roman formation of Cardinal Paul Cullen, Archbishop of Dublin

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Does Nationality Influence Neutrality? The Ethical Standards and Expectations of International Mediators

This Comment examines how a mediator’s nationality can influence the mediating parties’ and communities’ perceptions of his neutrality and how cultural differences play a role in the ethical expectations of a cross-cultural mediator. Part I discusses the role of neutrality in cross-cultural mediation and how neutrality is required and interpreted by codified ethical standards for mediators in the United States and in several international organizations. Part II discusses the role of culture in mediation, how culture influences ethical expectations, and the case studies of George Mitchell, a mediator in Ireland and Israel-Palestine, and Lakhdar Brahimi, a mediator in Syria. Mitchell and Brahimi are examples of mediators who worked with cultures that had different ethical expectations of the mediator’s role than they were accustomed to in their respective cultures. They both resigned in frustration and experienced great difficulty and public ridicule during their terms. Part III analyzes Mitchell and Brahimi’s trials and failures in their mediations, and provides suggestions for mediators involved in cross-cultural mediations. Through this analysis this Comment clarifies the role of neutrality in mediation and how a mediator’s nationality influences how mediating parties and their communities perceive his neutrality

William Gladstone and the theatre

<p>This article discusses the various links between 19th century British Prime Minister William Gladstone and the theatre, his understanding of its function in society and his role in shaping the argument for a subsidised National Theatre. It links Gladstone to wider debates in theatre historiography calling for a reassessment of orthodox approaches to Victorian culture.</p> <p>Gladstone, ‘colossus of the Victorian Age’, serious, respectable and deeply religious, seems an unlikely advocate for the theatre in general and publicly subsidised theatre in particular, and research so far has largely overlooked this issue. Yet Gladstone was not only an avid theatre- goer with a broad taste but he also had clear ideas about the theatre’s function in society. Despite finding himself in opposition to widespread beliefs that the state should not ‘meddle with the arts’ and that theatres should remain commercial concerns, he actively supported the theatre’s cause by lobbying for official honours, state subsidies and the establishment of a National Theatre. In doing so Gladstone was well ahead of the debate about state aid to the performing arts, crucially influenced decisions well after his death and proved vital for the eventual foundation of a National Theatre after World War II.</p&gt