124 research outputs found
The Fifteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting
The three volumes of the proceedings of MG15 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting included 40 morning plenary talks over 6 days, 5 evening popular talks and nearly 100 parallel sessions on 71 topics spread over 4 afternoons. These proceedings are a representative sample of the very many oral and poster presentations made at the meeting.Part A contains plenary and review articles and the contributions from some parallel sessions, while Parts B and C consist of those from the remaining parallel sessions. The contents range from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string theory, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, and from supernova cosmology to relativistic astrophysics, including topics such as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy and in active galactic nuclei in other galaxies, and neutron star, pulsar and white dwarf astrophysics. Parallel sessions touch on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, quasars, gamma ray bursts, supernovas, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, numerical relativity, gravitational lensing, large scale structure, observational cosmology, early universe models and cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, global structure, singularities, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, wormholes, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational waves, gravitational wave detectors and data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, quantum gravity and loop quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, strings and branes, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, cosmic rays and the history of general relativity
Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022
Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022 is a creative-commons ebook that
provides a unique 360 degrees overview of quantum technologies from science and
technology to geopolitical and societal issues. It covers quantum physics
history, quantum physics 101, gate-based quantum computing, quantum computing
engineering (including quantum error corrections and quantum computing
energetics), quantum computing hardware (all qubit types, including quantum
annealing and quantum simulation paradigms, history, science, research,
implementation and vendors), quantum enabling technologies (cryogenics, control
electronics, photonics, components fabs, raw materials), quantum computing
algorithms, software development tools and use cases, unconventional computing
(potential alternatives to quantum and classical computing), quantum
telecommunications and cryptography, quantum sensing, quantum technologies
around the world, quantum technologies societal impact and even quantum fake
sciences. The main audience are computer science engineers, developers and IT
specialists as well as quantum scientists and students who want to acquire a
global view of how quantum technologies work, and particularly quantum
computing. This version is an extensive update to the 2021 edition published in
October 2021.Comment: 1132 pages, 920 figures, Letter forma
Collected Papers (Neutrosophics and other topics), Volume XIV
This fourteenth volume of Collected Papers is an eclectic tome of 87 papers in Neutrosophics and other fields, such as mathematics, fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, picture fuzzy sets, information fusion, robotics, statistics, or extenics, comprising 936 pages, published between 2008-2022 in different scientific journals or currently in press, by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 99 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 26 countries: Ahmed B. Al-Nafee, Adesina Abdul Akeem Agboola, Akbar Rezaei, Shariful Alam, Marina Alonso, Fran Andujar, Toshinori Asai, Assia Bakali, Azmat Hussain, Daniela Baran, Bijan Davvaz, Bilal Hadjadji, Carlos DĂaz Bohorquez, Robert N. Boyd, M. Caldas, Cenap Ăzel, Pankaj Chauhan, Victor Christianto, Salvador Coll, Shyamal Dalapati, Irfan Deli, Balasubramanian Elavarasan, Fahad Alsharari, Yonfei Feng, Daniela GĂźfu, Rafael Rojas GualdrĂłn, Haipeng Wang, Hemant Kumar Gianey, Noel Batista HernĂĄndez, Abdel-Nasser Hussein, Ibrahim M. Hezam, Ilanthenral Kandasamy, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Muthusamy Karthika, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Madad Khan, Kifayat Ullah, Valeri Kroumov, Tapan Kumar Roy, Deepesh Kunwar, Le Thi Nhung, Pedro LĂłpez, Mai Mohamed, Manh Van Vu, Miguel A. Quiroz-MartĂnez, Marcel Migdalovici, Kritika Mishra, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mohamed Talea, Mohammad Hamidi, Mohammed Alshumrani, Mohamed Loey, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Shabir, Mumtaz Ali, Nassim Abbas, Munazza Naz, Ngan Thi Roan, Nguyen Xuan Thao, Rishwanth Mani Parimala, Ion PÄtraÈcu, Surapati Pramanik, Quek Shio Gai, Qiang Guo, Rajab Ali Borzooei, Nimitha Rajesh, JesĂșs Estupiñan Ricardo, Juan Miguel MartĂnez Rubio, Saeed Mirvakili, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Saeid Jafari, Said Broumi, Ahmed A. Salama, Nirmala Sawan, Gheorghe SÄvoiu, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Seok-Zun Song, Shahzaib Ashraf, Jayant Singh, Rajesh Singh, Son Hoang Le, Tahir Mahmood, Kenta Takaya, Mirela Teodorescu, Ramalingam Udhayakumar, Maikel Y. Leyva VĂĄzquez, V. Venkateswara Rao, Luige VlÄdÄreanu, Victor VlÄdÄreanu, Gabriela VlÄdeanu, Michael Voskoglou, Yaser Saber, Yong Deng, You He, Youcef Chibani, Young Bae Jun, Wadei F. Al-Omeri, Hongbo Wang, Zayen Azzouz Omar
Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing: The Human-Data-Technology Nexus
This is an open access book. It gathers the first volume of the proceedings of the 31st edition of the International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, FAIM 2022, held on June 19 â 23, 2022, in Detroit, Michigan, USA. Covering four thematic areas including Manufacturing Processes, Machine Tools, Manufacturing Systems, and Enabling Technologies, it reports on advanced manufacturing processes, and innovative materials for 3D printing, applications of machine learning, artificial intelligence and mixed reality in various production sectors, as well as important issues in human-robot collaboration, including methods for improving safety. Contributions also cover strategies to improve quality control, supply chain management and training in the manufacturing industry, and methods supporting circular supply chain and sustainable manufacturing. All in all, this book provides academicians, engineers and professionals with extensive information on both scientific and industrial advances in the converging fields of manufacturing, production, and automation
A Solder-Defined Computer Architecture for Backdoor and Malware Resistance
This research is about securing control of those devices we most depend on for integrity and confidentiality. An emerging concern is that complex integrated circuits may be subject to exploitable defects or backdoors, and measures for inspection and audit of these chips are neither supported nor scalable. One approach for providing a âsupply chain firewallâ may be to forgo such components, and instead to build central processing units (CPUs) and other complex logic from simple, generic parts. This work investigates the capability and speed ceiling when open-source hardware methodologies are fused with maker-scale assembly tools and visible-scale final inspection. The author has designed, and demonstrated in simulation, a 36-bit CPU and protected memory subsystem that use only synchronous static random access memory (SRAM) and trivial glue logic integrated circuits as components. The design presently lacks preemptive multitasking, ability to load firmware into the SRAMs used as logic elements, and input/output. Strategies are presented for adding these missing subsystems, again using only SRAM and trivial glue logic. A load-store architecture is employed with four clock cycles per instruction. Simulations indicate that a clock speed of at least 64 MHz is probable, corresponding to 16 million instructions per second (16 MIPS), despite the architecture containing no microprocessors, field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, application specific integrated circuits, or other purchased complex logic. The lower speed, larger size, higher power consumption, and higher cost of an âSRAM minicomputer,â compared to traditional microcontrollers, may be offset by the fully open architectureâhardware and firmwareâalong with more rigorous user control, reliability, transparency, and auditability of the system. SRAM logic is also particularly well suited for building arithmetic logic units, and can implement complex operations such as population count, a hash function for associative arrays, or a pseudorandom number generator with good statistical properties in as few as eight clock cycles per 36-bit word processed. 36-bit unsigned multiplication can be implemented in software in 47 instructions or fewer (188 clock cycles). A general theory is developed for fast SRAM parallel multipliers should they be needed
HASTECS: Hybrid Aircraft: reSearch on Thermal and Electric Components and Systems
In 2019, transportation was the fastest growing sector, contributing to environmental degradation. Finding sustainable solutions that pollute less is a key element in solving this problem, particularly for the aviation sector, which accounts for around 2-3% of global CO2 emissions. With the advent of Covid-19, air traffic seems to have come to a fairly permanent halt, but this pandemic reinforces the need to move towards a "cleaner sky" and respect for the environment, which is the objective of the Clean Sky2 program (H2020 EU), the context in which the HASTECS project has been launched in September 2016
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Algorithms and Experimentation for Future Wireless Networks: From Internet-of-Things to Full-Duplex
Future and next-generation wireless networks are driven by the rapidly growing wireless traffic stemming from diverse services and applications, such as the Internet-of-Things (IoT), virtual reality, autonomous vehicles, and smart intersections. Many of these applications require massive connectivity between IoT devices as well as wireless access links with ultra-high bandwidth (Gbps or above) and ultra-low latency (10ms or less). Therefore, realizing the vision of future wireless networks requires significant research efforts across all layers of the network stack. In this thesis, we use a cross-layer approach and focus on several critical components of future wireless networks including IoT systems and full-duplex (FD) wireless, and on experimentation with advanced wireless technologies in the NSF PAWR COSMOS testbed.
First, we study tracking and monitoring applications in the IoT and focus on ultra-low-power energy harvesting networks. Based on realistic hardware characteristics, we design and optimize Panda, a centralized probabilistic protocol for maximizing the neighbor discovery rate between energy harvesting nodes under a power budget. Via testbed evaluation using commercial off-the-shelf energy harvesting nodes, we show that Panda outperforms existing protocols by up to 3x in terms of the neighbor discovery rate. We further explore this problem and consider a general throughput maximization problem among a set of heterogeneous energy-constrained ultra-low-power nodes. We analytically identify the theoretical fundamental limits of the rate at which data can be exchanged between these nodes, and design the distributed probabilistic protocol, EconCast, which approaches the maximum throughput in the limiting sense. Performance evaluations of EconCast using both simulations and real-world experiments show that it achieves up to an order of magnitude higher throughput than Panda and other known protocols.
We then study FD wireless - simultaneous transmission and reception at the same frequency - a key technology that can significantly improve the data rate and reduce communication latency by employing self-interference cancellation (SIC). In particular, we focus on enabling FD on small-form-factor devices leveraging the technique of frequency-domain equalization (FDE). We design, model, and optimize the FDE-based RF canceller, which can achieve >50dB RF SIC across 20MHz bandwidth, and experimentally show that our prototyped FD radios can achieve a link-level throughput gain of 1.85-1.91x. We also focus on combining FD with phased arrays, employing optimized transmit and receive beamforming, where the spatial degrees of freedom in multi-antenna systems are repurposed to achieve wideband RF SIC. Moving up in the network stack, we study heterogeneous networks with half-duplex and FD users, and develop the novel Hybrid-Greedy Maximum Scheduling (H-GMS) algorithm, which achieves throughput optimality in a distributed manner. Analytical and simulation results show that H-GMS achieves 5-10x better delay performance and improved fairness compared with state-of-the-art approaches.
Finally, we described experimentation and measurements in the city-scale COSMOS testbed being deployed in West Harlem, New York City. COSMOS' key building blocks include software-defined radios, millimeter-wave radios, a programmable optical network, and edge cloud, and their convergence will enable researchers to remotely explore emerging technologies in a real world environment. We provide a brief overview of the testbed and focus on experimentation with advanced technologies, including the integrating of open-access FD radios in the testbed and a pilot study on converged optical-wireless x-haul networking for cloud radio access networks (C-RANs). We also present an extensive 28GHz channel measurements in the testbed area, which is a representative dense urban canyon environment, and study the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) coverage and achievable data rates. The results of this part helped drive and validate the design of the COSMOS testbed, and can inform further deployment and experimentation in the testbed.
In this thesis, we make several theoretical and experimental contributions to ultra-low-power energy harvesting networks and the IoT, and FD wireless. We also contribute to the experimentation and measurements in the COSMOS advanced wireless testbed. We believe that these contributions are essential to connect fundamental theory to practical systems, and ultimately to real-world applications, in future wireless networks
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