3,700,364 research outputs found
Extending Context-Sensitivity in Term Rewriting
We propose a generalized version of context-sensitivity in term rewriting
based on the notion of "forbidden patterns". The basic idea is that a rewrite
step should be forbidden if the redex to be contracted has a certain shape and
appears in a certain context. This shape and context is expressed through
forbidden patterns. In particular we analyze the relationships among this novel
approach and the commonly used notion of context-sensitivity in term rewriting,
as well as the feasibility of rewriting with forbidden patterns from a
computational point of view. The latter feasibility is characterized by
demanding that restricting a rewrite relation yields an improved termination
behaviour while still being powerful enough to compute meaningful results.
Sufficient criteria for both kinds of properties in certain classes of rewrite
systems with forbidden patterns are presented
Diffusion of Context and Credit Information in Markovian Models
This paper studies the problem of ergodicity of transition probability
matrices in Markovian models, such as hidden Markov models (HMMs), and how it
makes very difficult the task of learning to represent long-term context for
sequential data. This phenomenon hurts the forward propagation of long-term
context information, as well as learning a hidden state representation to
represent long-term context, which depends on propagating credit information
backwards in time. Using results from Markov chain theory, we show that this
problem of diffusion of context and credit is reduced when the transition
probabilities approach 0 or 1, i.e., the transition probability matrices are
sparse and the model essentially deterministic. The results found in this paper
apply to learning approaches based on continuous optimization, such as gradient
descent and the Baum-Welch algorithm.Comment: See http://www.jair.org/ for any accompanying file
Agile methods for agile universities
We explore a term, Agile, that is being used in various workplace settings, including the management of universities. The term may have several related but slightly different meanings. Agile is often used in the context of facilitating more creative problem-solving and advocating for the adoption, design, tailoring and continual updating of more innovative organizational processes. We consider a particular set of meanings of the term from the world of software development. Agile methods were created to address certain problems with the software development process. Many of those problems have interesting analogues in the context of universities, so a reflection on agile methods may be a useful heuristic for generating ideas for enabling universities to be more creative
Sense resolution properties of logical imaging
The evaluation of an implication by Imaging is a logical technique developed
in the framework of modal logic. Its interpretation in the context of a “possible
worlds” semantics is very appealing for IR. In 1994, Crestani and Van Rijsbergen
proposed an interpretation of Imaging in the context of IR based on the assumption
that “a term is a possibleworld”. This approach enables the exploitation of term–
term relationshipswhich are estimated using an information theoretic measure.
Recent analysis of the probability kinematics of Logical Imaging in IR have
suggested that this technique has some interesting sense resolution properties. In
this paper we will present this new line of research and we will relate it to more
classical research into word senses
Knowing when to assist: Developmental issues in lifelong assistive robotics
Children and adults with sensorimotor disabilities can significantly increase their autonomy through the use of assistive robots. As the field progresses from short-term, task-specific solutions to long-term, adaptive ones, new challenges are emerging. In this paper a lifelong methodological approach is presented, that attempts to balance the immediate context-specific needs of the user, with the long-term effects that the robots assistance can potentially have on the users developmental trajectory
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