Data-centric Misbehavior Detection in VANETs

Detecting misbehavior (such as transmissions of false information) in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is very important problem with wide range of implications including safety related and congestion avoidance applications. We discuss several limitations of existing misbehavior detection schemes (MDS) designed for VANETs. Most MDS are concerned with detection of malicious nodes. In most situations, vehicles would send wrong information because of selfish reasons of their owners, e.g. for gaining access to a particular lane. Because of this (\emph{rational behavior}), it is more important to detect false information than to identify misbehaving nodes. We introduce the concept of data-centric misbehavior detection and propose algorithms which detect false alert messages and misbehaving nodes by observing their actions after sending out the alert messages. With the data-centric MDS, each node can independently decide whether an information received is correct or false. The decision is based on the consistency of recent messages and new alert with reported and estimated vehicle positions. No voting or majority decisions is needed, making our MDS resilient to Sybil attacks. Instead of revoking all the secret credentials of misbehaving nodes, as done in most schemes, we impose fines on misbehaving nodes (administered by the certification authority), discouraging them to act selfishly. This reduces the computation and communication costs involved in revoking all the secret credentials of misbehaving nodes.Comment: 12 page

Certificate Based Scheme and Expedite Message Authentication Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

VANET security is major issue for researcher. Thus Ad-Hoc Networks embrace the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) for their security purpose. EMAP was presented to overcome the problem of the long delay incurred in checking the revocation status of a certificate using a CRL. From the experimental analysis it was observed that it is resistant to common attacks while performing the authentication techniques. Therefore, EMAP can significantly decrease the message-loss ratio due to message verification delay as compared to the conventional authentication methods employing CRL checking. Thus to further address these issues along with EMAP protocol, new EMAP method is presented called as CEMAP (certificate based EMAP) which is intended to overcome the authentication delay in message processing by reducing the complexity in Authentication process. CEMAP authentication protocol is constructed based on the combination of the new signature scheme and EMAP. The proposed algorithm reduces the delay by 10% than EMAP. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15023

Vehicular Internet: Security & Privacy Challenges and Opportunities

The vehicular internet will drive the future of vehicular technology and intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Whether it is road safety, infotainment, or driver-less cars, the vehicular internet will lay the foundation for the future of road travel. Governments and companies are pursuing driver-less vehicles as they are considered to be more reliable than humans and, therefore, safer. The vehicles today are not just a means of transportation but are also equipped with a wide range of sensors that provide valuable data. If vehicles are enabled to share data that they collect with other vehicles or authorities for decision-making and safer driving, they thereby form a vehicular network. However, there is a lot at stake in vehicular networks if they are compromised. With the stakes so high, it is imperative that the vehicular networks are secured and made resilient to any attack or attempt that may have serious consequences. The vehicular internet can also be the target of a cyber attack, which can be devastating. In this paper, the opportunities that the vehicular internet offers are presented and then various security and privacy aspects are discussed and some solutions are presented

An attribute-based framework for secure communications in vehicular ad hoc networks

In this paper, we introduce an attribute-based framework to achieve secure communications in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), which enjoys several advantageous features. The proposed framework employs attribute-based signature (ABS) to achieve message authentication and integrity and protect vehicle privacy, which greatly mitigates the overhead caused by pseudonym/private key change or update in the existing solutions for VANETs based on symmetric key, asymmetric key, and identity-based cryptography and group signature. In addition, we extend a standard ABS scheme with traceability and revocation mechanisms and seamlessly integrate them into the proposed framework to support vehicle traceability and revocation by a trusted authority, and thus, the resulting scheme for vehicular communications does not suffer from the anonymity misuse issue, which has been a challenge for anonymous credential-based vehicular protocols. Finally, we implement the proposed ABS scheme using a rapid prototyping tool called Charm to evaluate its performance

Randomized and Efficient Authentication in Mobile Environments

In a mobile environment, a number of users act as a network nodes and communicate with one another to acquire location based information and services. This emerging paradigm has opened up new business opportunities and enables numerous applications such as road safety enhancement, service recommendations and mobile entertainment. A fundamental issue that impacts the success of these applications is the security and privacy concerns raised regarding the mobile users. In that, a malicious user or service provider can track the locations of a user traveled so that other malicious act can be carried out more effectively against the user. Therefore, the challenge becomes how to authenticate mobile users while preserving their actual identity and location privacy. In this work, we propose a novel randomized or privacy-preserving authentication protocol based on homomorphic encryption. The protocol allows individual users to self generate any number of authenticated identities to achieve full anonymity in mobile environment. The proposed protocol prevents users being tracked by any single party including peer users, service providers, authentication servers, and other infrastructure. Meanwhile, our protocol also provides traceability in case of any dispute. We have conducted experimental study which demonstrates the efficiency of our protocol. Another advantage of the proposed protocol is lightweight computation and storage requirement, particularly suitable for any mobile devices with limited computation power and storage space

Efficient HMAC-based secure communication for VANETs

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is an emerging type of network which facilitates vehicles on roads to communicate for driving safety. It requires a mechanism to help authenticate messages, identify valid vehicles, and remove malevolent vehicles which do not obey the rules. Most existing solutions either do not have an effective message verification scheme, or use the public key infrastructure (PKI). In this network, vehicles are able to broadcast messages to other vehicles and a group of known vehicles can also communicate securely among themselves. So group communication is necessary for the network. However, most existing solutions either do not consider this or use pairing operation to realize this. They are either not secure or not effective. In this paper, we provide a more comprehensive set of secure schemes with Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) in VANETs to overcome their shortcomings. Of course, we still need to use Pairing operation in some place. Our scheme is composed of three schemes: (1) Communications between Vehicles and Road-Side Units (RSUs), (2) One to One Communications within a Group, (3) One to One Communications without a Group. Based on our simulation study, we show that our schemes are effective and the delay caused is much lower. The average delay caused by our first scheme is nearly thousands of times lower than prior schemes. The average delay caused by our second scheme is 0.312 ms, while the delay caused by prior scheme is 12.3 ms. Meanwhile the average delay caused by our third scheme is 0.312 ms, and the delay caused by prior scheme is about 9 s. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.postprin