1,989 research outputs found

    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    Graduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    UMSL Bulletin 2023-2024

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    The 2023-2024 Bulletin and Course Catalog for the University of Missouri St. Louis.https://irl.umsl.edu/bulletin/1088/thumbnail.jp

    Graduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    UMSL Bulletin 2022-2023

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    The 2022-2023 Bulletin and Course Catalog for the University of Missouri St. Louis.https://irl.umsl.edu/bulletin/1087/thumbnail.jp

    Peering into the Dark: Investigating dark matter and neutrinos with cosmology and astrophysics

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    The LCDM model of modern cosmology provides a highly accurate description of our universe. However, it relies on two mysterious components, dark matter and dark energy. The cold dark matter paradigm does not provide a satisfying description of its particle nature, nor any link to the Standard Model of particle physics. I investigate the consequences for cosmological structure formation in models with a coupling between dark matter and Standard Model neutrinos, as well as probes of primordial black holes as dark matter. I examine the impact that such an interaction would have through both linear perturbation theory and nonlinear N-body simulations. I present limits on the possible interaction strength from cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and galaxy population data, as well as forecasts on the future sensitivity. I provide an analysis of what is necessary to distinguish the cosmological impact of interacting dark matter from similar effects. Intensity mapping of the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen at high redshift using next generation observatories, such as the SKA, would provide the strongest constraints yet on such interactions, and may be able to distinguish between different scenarios causing suppressed small scale structure. I also present a novel type of probe of structure formation, using the cosmological gravitational wave signal of high redshift compact binary mergers to provide information about structure formation, and thus the behaviour of dark matter. Such observations would also provide competitive constraints. Finally, I investigate primordial black holes as an alternative dark matter candidate, presenting an analysis and framework for the evolution of extended mass populations over cosmological time and computing the present day gamma ray signal, as well as the allowed local evaporation rate. This is used to set constraints on the allowed population of low mass primordial black holes, and the likelihood of witnessing an evaporation

    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2022-2023

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    Физика космоса : труды 50-й Международной студенческой научной конференции (Екатеринбург, 30 января — 3 февраля. 2023 г.)

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    В сборнике представлены доклады и сообщения студенческой научной конференции, которая ежегодно проводится в Астрономической обсерватории Уральского федерального университета. Цель конференции — обобщить достижения в области астрономии и астрофизики и способствовать формированию навыков и способностей молодых исследователей. Сборник предназначен для профессиональных астрономов и физиков, студентов и аспирантов соответствующих специальностей.Отдел по делам молодежи администрации Октябрьского района г. Екатеринбурга; Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцин

    Recovery of xylose from oil palm frond (OPF) bagasse hydrolysate using commercial spiral-wound nanofiltration membrane

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    Oil palm fronds (OPF) is the most abundant agriculture wastes in Malaysia. This agriculture waste contains lignocellulosic materials that are potentially to be used as renewable material for production of value added products such as biosugar (i.e. xylose and glucose). Xylose is an intermediate product in xylitol production and glucose interferes in the process of separation. These two different types of monosaccharides can possibly be separated using NF membrane according to their molecular size rather than diffusivities. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the performance of pilot scale commercial spiral wound NF membranes (Desal-5 DK, Desal-5 DL and NF90) for separation of xylose from glucose. Using the synthetic sugar solution model, the Desal-5 DK membrane exhibited the highest xylose separation factor up to 1.17 at the operating pressure of 10 bar while the other two membranes were unable to separate the sugars (separation factor less than 1). For the recovery of xylose from the real oil palm frond (OPF) bagasse hydrolysate, the Desal-5 DK membrane perform very well with xylose separation factor of 1.63. Overall, it can be concluded that the spiral wound nanofiltration membrane offers cost-effective and easy-maintenance, which has high potential application in large scale separation of xylose-glucose from OPF bagasse hydrolysate

    Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

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    The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be a transformative experiment for gravitational wave astronomy, and, as such, it will offer unique opportunities to address many key astrophysical questions in a completely novel way. The synergy with ground-based and space-born instruments in the electromagnetic domain, by enabling multi-messenger observations, will add further to the discovery potential of LISA. The next decade is crucial to prepare the astrophysical community for LISA's first observations. This review outlines the extensive landscape of astrophysical theory, numerical simulations, and astronomical observations that are instrumental for modeling and interpreting the upcoming LISA datastream. To this aim, the current knowledge in three main source classes for LISA is reviewed; ultra-compact stellar-mass binaries, massive black hole binaries, and extreme or interme-diate mass ratio inspirals. The relevant astrophysical processes and the established modeling techniques are summarized. Likewise, open issues and gaps in our understanding of these sources are highlighted, along with an indication of how LISA could help making progress in the different areas. New research avenues that LISA itself, or its joint exploitation with upcoming studies in the electromagnetic domain, will enable, are also illustrated. Improvements in modeling and analysis approaches, such as the combination of numerical simulations and modern data science techniques, are discussed. This review is intended to be a starting point for using LISA as a new discovery tool for understanding our Universe
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