5,486 research outputs found
Symbolic computation of conservation laws for nonlinear partial differential equations in multiple space dimensions
A method for symbolically computing conservation laws of nonlinear partial
differential equations (PDEs) in multiple space dimensions is presented in the
language of variational calculus and linear algebra. The steps of the method
are illustrated using the Zakharov-Kuznetsov and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili
equations as examples. The method is algorithmic and has been implemented in
Mathematica. The software package, ConservationLawsMD.m, can be used to
symbolically compute and test conservation laws for polynomial PDEs that can be
written as nonlinear evolution equations. The code ConservationLawsMD.m has
been applied to (2+1)-dimensional versions of the Sawada-Kotera, Camassa-Holm,
and Gardner equations, and the multi-dimensional Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya
equation.Comment: 26 pages. Paper will appear in Journal of Symbolic Computation
(2011). Presented at the Special Session on Geometric Flows, Moving Frames
and Integrable Systems, 2010 Spring Central Sectional Meeting of the American
Mathematical Society, Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota, April 10, 201
Symbolic Computation of Conservation Laws of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations in Multi-dimensions
A direct method for the computation of polynomial conservation laws of
polynomial systems of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in
multi-dimensions is presented. The method avoids advanced
differential-geometric tools. Instead, it is solely based on calculus,
variational calculus, and linear algebra.
Densities are constructed as linear combinations of scaling homogeneous terms
with undetermined coefficients. The variational derivative (Euler operator) is
used to compute the undetermined coefficients. The homotopy operator is used to
compute the fluxes.
The method is illustrated with nonlinear PDEs describing wave phenomena in
fluid dynamics, plasma physics, and quantum physics. For PDEs with parameters,
the method determines the conditions on the parameters so that a sequence of
conserved densities might exist. The existence of a large number of
conservation laws is a predictor for complete integrability. The method is
algorithmic, applicable to a variety of PDEs, and can be implemented in
computer algebra systems such as Mathematica, Maple, and REDUCE.Comment: To appear in: Thematic Issue on ``Mathematical Methods and Symbolic
Calculation in Chemistry and Chemical Biology'' of the International Journal
of Quantum Chemistry. Eds.: Michael Barnett and Frank Harris (2006
A Solution Set-Based Entropy Principle for Constitutive Modeling in Mechanics
Entropy principles based on thermodynamic consistency requirements are widely
used for constitutive modeling in continuum mechanics, providing physical
constraints on a priori unknown constitutive functions. The well-known
M\"uller-Liu procedure is based on Liu's lemma for linear systems. While the
M\"uller-Liu algorithm works well for basic models with simple constitutive
dependencies, it cannot take into account nonlinear relationships that exist
between higher derivatives of the fields in the cases of more complex
constitutive dependencies.
The current contribution presents a general solution set-based procedure,
which, for a model system of differential equations, respects the geometry of
the solution manifold, and yields a set of constraint equations on the unknown
constitutive functions, which are necessary and sufficient conditions for the
entropy production to stay nonnegative for any solution. Similarly to the
M\"uller-Liu procedure, the solution set approach is algorithmic, its output
being a set of constraint equations and a residual entropy inequality. The
solution set method is applicable to virtually any physical model, allows for
arbitrary initially postulated forms of the constitutive dependencies, and does
not use artificial constructs like Lagrange multipliers. A Maple implementation
makes the solution set method computationally straightforward and useful for
the constitutive modeling of complex systems.
Several computational examples are considered, in particular, models of gas,
anisotropic fluid, and granular flow dynamics. The resulting constitutive
function forms are analyzed, and comparisons are provided. It is shown how the
solution set entropy principle can yield classification problems, leading to
several complementary sets of admissible constitutive functions; such problems
have not previously appeared in the constitutive modeling literature
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