Laborare, Vivere, et Ludere

Abandoned: Shopping malls\u27 definition in 2021. Once a magnificent symbol of suburban sprawl, now left in crumbles to die. This thesis project aims to make the mall relevant to people\u27s lives by repurposing its buildings as part of a mixed-use complex. Beginning with a study of the shopping mall\u27s history and New Urbanism concepts, I propose that a mall is not just a public place for gathering, sharing experiences, and building memories but also a reflection of a neighborhood\u27s identity

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Konsumen dalam Memilih Mal sebagai Tempat Berbelanja

People lifestyles in Indonesia are becoming more consumptive, people preferred mall as their shopping destination rather than traditional market. This study aims to determine factors that influence consumer decisions in choosing the mall as a place to shop. The data were obtained from 120 mall consumers of three major malls in the city of Semarang. Data processing was performed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. Based on the results that the 17 variables (status symbol, recent fashion, entertainment, food court, value added comfort, windows shopping, multiple retailers, quality, hanging out, spending more, experiential service, cleanliness, salesperson, mall structure, safety, price, and sales promotion) were use in this study has a significant effect on the dependent variable (Y) that is consumer decisions and the results of t test states that the quality factor has a individually significant influence on the dependent variable (Y) that is consumer decisions

Analisa Sosial Ekonomi Pembangunan Pusat Perbelanjaan Modern; Studi Kasus Pembangunan Lotte Mall di Kecamatan Pondok Aren, Tangerang Selatan 2010

In modern civilization, the existence of modern shopping centers often become a symbol of the progress of a city. This study aimed to analyze the social and economic development plans Lotte Mall in District Pondok Aren, Tangerang Selatan. This study uses a qualitative method of collecting data through observation and indepth interview. Lotte Mall development is not only a positive impact, but also had a negative impact. The positive effect is; First, Lotte Mall provides nearly half of the needs of human life. Consumers or visitors can easily select and purchase the desired item. Second, the existence of Lotte Mall can drive the economy of local communities. Third, the construction of Lotte Mall will obviously create employment so that it can push the unemployment rate although in certain scale. Fourth, the existence of Lotte Mall has become a prerequisite for modern urban civilization. The establishment of Lotte Mall will certainly attract investment for development in other sectors such as property and other businesses. As for the negative impact of the construction of Lotte Mall, among others; First, a potentially lethal retailer small or medium class because it is not able to compete with large classes of retail traders. Second, the existence of Lotte Mall promoting wider logic of consumerism because people tend to be "spoiled" with ease and facility of shopping easy and convenient. Thirdly, the presence of Lotte Mall tends to turn off the traditional markets that already exist in the vicinity of the shopping center. Fourth, further reducing green open spaces as public spaces are natural and pro-environment. The existence of Lotte Mall also has the potential to cause traffic congestion due to be sentrum vehicular traffic

Creating Dissonance for the Visitor : The Heart of the Liberty Bell Controversy

This paper examines the controversy surrounding the location and proposed interpretive plan for Independence National Historical Park\u27s new pavilion for the Liberty Bell. Written from the perspective of a graduate student and former Independence NHP employee, it attempts to help historians and Park Service employees to better understand each other\u27s positions, and to penetrate to the heart of the issue at stake - the park\u27s own sense of self-understanding and mission. It then moves on to show the relevance of this specific controversy to questions of broader significance, such as the fundamental character of American history, the post-September 11th responsibility of historic sites, the strength of national mythology, and the vital important of critical public history

Design guidelines for spatial modulation

A new class of low-complexity, yet energyefficient Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission techniques, namely the family of Spatial Modulation (SM) aided MIMOs (SM-MIMO) has emerged. These systems are capable of exploiting the spatial dimensions (i.e. the antenna indices) as an additional dimension invoked for transmitting information, apart from the traditional Amplitude and Phase Modulation (APM). SM is capable of efficiently operating in diverse MIMO configurations in the context of future communication systems. It constitutes a promising transmission candidate for large-scale MIMO design and for the indoor optical wireless communication whilst relying on a single-Radio Frequency (RF) chain. Moreover, SM may also be viewed as an entirely new hybrid modulation scheme, which is still in its infancy. This paper aims for providing a general survey of the SM design framework as well as of its intrinsic limits. In particular, we focus our attention on the associated transceiver design, on spatial constellation optimization, on link adaptation techniques, on distributed/ cooperative protocol design issues, and on their meritorious variants

Detect-and-forward relaying aided cooperative spatial modulation for wireless networks

A novel detect-and-forward (DeF) relaying aided cooperative SM scheme is proposed, which is capable of striking a flexible tradeoff in terms of the achievable bit error ratio (BER), complexity and unequal error protection (UEP). More specifically, SM is invoked at the source node (SN) and the information bit stream is divided into two different sets: the antenna index-bits (AI-bits) as well as the amplitude and phase modulation-bits (APM-bits). By exploiting the different importance of the AI-bits and the APM-bits in SM detection, we propose three low-complexity, yet powerful relay protocols, namely the partial, the hybrid and the hierarchical modulation (HM) based DeF relaying schemes. These schemes determine the most appropriate number of bits to be re-modulated by carefully considering their potential benefits and then assigning a specific modulation scheme for relaying the message. As a further benefit, the employment of multiple radio frequency (RF) chains and the requirement of tight inter-relay synchronization (IRS) can be avoided. Moreover, by exploiting the benefits of our low-complexity relaying protocols and our inter-element interference (IEI) model, a low-complexity maximum-likelihood (ML) detector is proposed for jointly detecting the signal received both via the source-destination (SD) and relay-destination (RD) links. Additionally, an upper bound of the BER is derived for our DeF-SM scheme. Our numerical results show that the bound is asymptotically tight in the high-SNR region and the proposed schemes provide beneficial system performance improvements compared to the conventional MIMO schemes in an identical cooperative scenario.<br/

Organisational symbols : reflections of organisational culture?

The objective of this paper is to discuss the role(s) of organisational symbols in representing organisational identity. To what extent do the so-called organisational symbols have significant impact on the employees in an organisation in identifying themselves with the organisational identity? Is it due to the top-down approach imposed by the top management? This paper is based on a six month ethnographic study conducted in selected Information Communication Technology (ICT) based corporations in one of the Malaysian Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) cities. From the findings, there are three main organisational symbols which are related to organisational identity : identity cards, black sofa, and office cubicles. The paper concludes that the construction of organisational symbols is a mix of a controlled culture (topdown) and to a certain degree is the participative activity of the employees. Nevertheless, the organisational symbols are embraced by the employees due to the need to be identified with an organisation

Kernel Spectral Clustering and applications

In this chapter we review the main literature related to kernel spectral clustering (KSC), an approach to clustering cast within a kernel-based optimization setting. KSC represents a least-squares support vector machine based formulation of spectral clustering described by a weighted kernel PCA objective. Just as in the classifier case, the binary clustering model is expressed by a hyperplane in a high dimensional space induced by a kernel. In addition, the multi-way clustering can be obtained by combining a set of binary decision functions via an Error Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) encoding scheme. Because of its model-based nature, the KSC method encompasses three main steps: training, validation, testing. In the validation stage model selection is performed to obtain tuning parameters, like the number of clusters present in the data. This is a major advantage compared to classical spectral clustering where the determination of the clustering parameters is unclear and relies on heuristics. Once a KSC model is trained on a small subset of the entire data, it is able to generalize well to unseen test points. Beyond the basic formulation, sparse KSC algorithms based on the Incomplete Cholesky Decomposition (ICD) and $L_0$, $L_1, L_0 + L_1$, Group Lasso regularization are reviewed. In that respect, we show how it is possible to handle large scale data. Also, two possible ways to perform hierarchical clustering and a soft clustering method are presented. Finally, real-world applications such as image segmentation, power load time-series clustering, document clustering and big data learning are considered.Comment: chapter contribution to the book "Unsupervised Learning Algorithms