961 research outputs found

    Behavior-based Fuzzy Control For A Mobile Robot With Non-holonomic Constraints

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    Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2005Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2005Bu çalışmada robotik alanında yeni yaklaşımlar olan davranış temelli robotik ve bulanık mantık konuları gerçek zamanda mobil robot uygulamaları bakımından incelenmiş, dört ilerlemeli, dört yönelmeli bir mobil robot için Engelden Sakın , Hedefe Git , Duvarı İzle , Yola Teğet İlerle , Avare Gez davranışları oluşturulmuştur. Bu davranışların içinden Engelden Sakın , Hedefe Git ve Duvarı İzle davranışları için sonar sensör matematik modelleri oluşturulmuş ve bu davranışların yapısında bulanık mantık yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Mobil robot, kinetik ve dinamik olarak holonomik olmayan kısıtları kullanılarak modellenmiştir ve simülasyon sırasında mobil robotun pozisyonu, tekerlek ve robot yönelimleri, tekerlek ve robot hızları, tekerlek torkları gibi parametreler izlenebilmektedir. Davranışlar da, simülasyon ortamında kazanımları, bulanık mantık işleme yapıları, gerçek zaman uygulanabilirliği ve davranışların koordine edilmeleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma gerçek bir robotta yapılacak deneyler için temel teşkil etmektedir.In this study, the new approaches to the robotics subject, behavior-based robotics and fuzzy logic control are investigated for the real-time applications of mobile robots, Avoid Obstacle , Move to Goal , Wall Following , Head-on , Wander behaviors are built up for a four-wheel driven and four-wheel steered mobile robot. Sonar sensor mathematical models are formed for Avoid Obstacle , Move to Goal and Wall Following behaviors and fuzzy logic concepts are used in the structure of these behaviors. The mobile robot is modelled kinematically and dynamically considering the non-holonomic constraints. The posture and speed of the robot and the configurations, speeds and torques of the wheels can be obtained from the simulation. The behaviors are investigated regarding their gains, fuzzy inference structures, real-time applicabilities and thein coordination. This study constitutes basis for the experiments on a real mobile robot.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

    Autonomy in the real real-world: A behaviour based view of autonomous systems control in an industrial product inspection system

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    The thesis presented in this dissertation appears in two sequential parts that arose from an exploration of the use of Behaviour Based Artificial Intelligence (BBAI) techniques in a domain outside that of robotics, where BBAI is most frequently used. The work details a real-world physical implementation of the control and interactions of an industrial product inspection system from a BBAI perspective. It concentrates particularly on the control of a number of active laser scanning sensor systems (each a subsystem of a larger main inspection system), using a subsumption architecture. This industrial implementation is in itself a new direction for BBAI control and an important aspect of this thesis. However, the work has also led on to the development of a number of key ideas which contribute to the field of BBAI in general. The second part of the thesis concerns the nature of physical and temporal constraints on a distributed control system and the desirability of utilising mechanisms to provide continuous, low-level learning and adaptation of domain knowledge on a sub-behavioural basis. Techniques used include artificial neural networks and hill-climbing state-space search algorithms. Discussion is supported with examples from experiments with the laser scanning inspection system. Encouraging results suggest that concerted design effort at this low level of activity will benefit the whole system in terms of behavioural robustness and reliability. Relevant aspects of the design process that should be of value in similar real-world projects are identified and emphasised. These issues are particularly important in providing a firm foundation for artificial intelligence based control systems

    A gentle transition from Java programming to Web Services using XML-RPC

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    Exposing students to leading edge vocational areas of relevance such as Web Services can be difficult. We show a lightweight approach by embedding a key component of Web Services within a Level 3 BSc module in Distributed Computing. We present a ready to use collection of lecture slides and student activities based on XML-RPC. In addition we show that this material addresses the central topics in the context of web services as identified by Draganova (2003)

    Making legal knowledge work practicing proportionality in the German repetitorium

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    This article presents a cultural and critical study of ‘proportionality review’ as a legal knowledge format and practice. The setting for this study is German public law, and in particular a domain of German legal education that is rarely analyzed even in Germany: the classes and materials offered by Repetitoren. These are commercial providers that aim to prepare students for the all-important ‘First Juridical Examination’. In this setting, proportionality is presented as a principle that matters, a doctrine that works, and a technique that jurists – lawyers, judges, but especially also law students – can learn to perform. Sustaining the sense that proportionality ‘works’, however, itself requires work, in particular in the form of largely invisible background constraints on what can count as suitable problems and appropriate solutions. In these processes of making proportionality into a ‘doable’ technical instrument, the German legal-constitutional order as a whole is presented as a feasible, achievable project. The article looks at how proportionality’s success is produced and experienced, and at what its status as a foundational, near-ideal legal instrument means for the character of the German constitutional and legal imagination

    SOLAR: Social Link Advanced recommendation system

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    In today’s information society, precise descriptions of the massive volume of online content available are crucial for responding to user needs adequately and efficiently. The Semantic Web Paradigm has recently advanced across many domains for the assignment of metadata to Internet content, in order to define it with explicit, machine-readable meaning. This content has become so extensive that it must be refined according to user preferences to avoid information overload. The current paper proposes a framework for the association of semantic data to webpage links based on a specific domain ontology, additionally permitting the user to express his opinion regarding his emotions about the content of the link. This data is further exploited to suggest additional links to the user, based on the semantic metadata and the level of user satisfaction with previously viewed content. A comprehensive evaluation of the tool has demonstrated a high level of user satisfaction with the features of the system.This work is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Tourism, and Commerce under the project SONAR (TSI-340000-2007-212), GODO2 (TSI-020100-2008-564) and SONAR2 (TSI-020100-2008-665), under the PIBES project of the Spanish Committee of Education & Science (TEC2006-12365-C02-01) and the MID-CBR project of the Spanish Committee of Education & Science (TIN2006-15140-C03-02)

    Making legal knowledge work: practising proportionality in the German repetitorium

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    Forthcoming in Social & Legal Studies (2022). This article presents a cultural and critical study of ‘proportionality review’ as a legal knowledge format and practice. The setting for this study is German public law, and in particular a domain of German legal education that is rarely analyzed even in Germany: the classes and materials offered by Repetitoren. These are commercial providers that aim to prepare students for the all-important ‘First Juridical Examination’. In this setting, proportionality is presented as a principle that matters, a doctrine that works, and a technique that jurists – lawyers, judges, but especially also law students – can learn to perform. Sustaining the sense that proportionality ‘works’, however, itself requires work, in particular in the form of largely invisible background constraints on what can count as suitable problems and appropriate solutions. In these processes of making proportionality into a ‘doable’ technical instrument, the German legal-constitutional order as a whole is presented as a feasible, achievable project. The article looks at how proportionality’s success is produced and experienced, and what its status as a foundational, near-ideal legal instrument means for the character of the German constitutional and legal imagination

    Capture and Maintenance of Constraints in Engineering Design

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    The thesis investigates two domains, initially the kite domain and then part of a more demanding Rolls-Royce domain (jet engine design). Four main types of refinement rules that use the associated application conditions and domain ontology to support the maintenance of constraints are proposed. The refinement rules have been implemented in ConEditor and the extended system is known as ConEditor+. With the help of ConEditor+, the thesis demonstrates that an explicit representation of application conditions together with the corresponding constraints and the domain ontology can be used to detect inconsistencies, redundancy, subsumption and fusion, reduce the number of spurious inconsistencies and prevent the identification of inappropriate refinements of redundancy, subsumption and fusion between pairs of constraints.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

    Perceptions, difficulties and working memory capacity related to mathematics performance

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    There is a general view that students of not have a positive attitude towards mathematics. In general, mathematics is considered a ‘difficult’ subject and sometimes there is a lack of enjoyment. Mathematics is often portrayed as being abstract and unrelated to life. In the light of the key role mathematics has in the curriculum, the aim of this study is to explore the difficulties and self-perceptions of students aged about 10-12 in Pakistan as they undertake their studies in mathematics. The study uses a survey of student perceptions, working with samples of students drawn from both Urdu and English medium schools (N = 813). In addition, working memory capacity of those in grade 5 (age about 10) was measured and information was gained about their performance in mathematics examinations. The data is analysed to consider how their self-perceptions related to their experiences in learning mathematics which varies with age, language background and gender. Any relationships between these self perceptions, mathematics marks and measured working memory capacity are explored as well. The observed outcomes can be used to inform the agenda for action or further study. It was found that the vast majority (English medium and Urdu medium) appreciate the role and the importance of studies in mathematics although topics like geometry, fractions, topics with life applications, statistics are causing problems. It is almost certain that these topics place demands on working memory which make understanding very difficult. In the Urdu medium schools, the curriculum in grade 6 is clearly causing major problems while, in both systems, pressures for success based on examination performance have generated a complete industry of private tutors. Many of the gender differences can be interpreted in terms of the social roles in Pakistani society. However, girls do seem more positive and more committed in relation to their studies in mathematics. The study has revealed two major issues which need careful consideration. One is the whole issue of memorisation and understanding. The goal of meaningful learning must be stressed more if positive attitudes are to be retained. The whole issue of making the mathematics studied become related in some way to the lifestyle of the learner seems very important but this is not easy without overloading working memory. In considering both of these issues, the critical role of assessment has to be addressed: if assessment offers rewards almost entirely for the recall and correct execution of mathematical procedures, then this will be reflected in textbooks and teaching approaches. Along with curriculum design and teaching approaches which are consistent with the known limitations of working memory, assessment is perhaps the single most important issue to be considered. Very significant correlations were found for grade 5 students when their measured working memory capacity was related to their mathematics examination performance. Indeed, the correlation value for Urdu medium students is the highest such correlation which has been found in any discipline. This suggests major curriculum design problems in the national syllabus for Urdu medium schools as well as assessment problems. The study has pinpointed many areas of success along with specific areas where there are serious problems. In this way, an agenda for future research and action has been described

    Low Cost Quadruped: MUTT

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    The field of educational and research robotics is alight with development platforms that fall short of being interesting and novel. Our goal was to create a quadruped for use as an entry level research project for students and educators. Reducing cost through the use of commercially available parts combined with rapid-prototyping, we built a platform that can be used to teach and learn legged locomotion for less than $600 (half the price of a Turtlebot 2 from OSRF). Our robot was able to walk in basic form using limited actuation; this was limited by the components we chose - specifically the motor controllers for part of the actuation. We expect that using components better suited to the task could accomplish what we set out to achieve
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