Rock Hill Substation Research Committee Records - Accession 836

This collection includes news articles, television transcripts, and academic studies about electrical magnetic fields (EMFs), electric power lines, substations, and health risks that have been associated with these subjects. A large portion of the collection was originally together in a notebook that was sent to Rock Hill, SC Mayor Elizabeth Dunlap “Betty Jo” Rhea to have her reconsider building a substation across from York Road Elementary School. Alongside the documents that were in that notebook are other documents which seemed to have been excluded from being in the notebook but are included with the collection.https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/manuscriptcollection_findingaids/2522/thumbnail.jp

Time domain analysis of switching transient fields in high voltage substations

Switching operations of circuit breakers and disconnect switches generate transient currents propagating along the substation busbars. At the moment of switching, the busbars temporarily acts as antennae radiating transient electromagnetic fields within the substations. The radiated fields may interfere and disrupt normal operations of electronic equipment used within the substation for measurement, control and communication purposes. Hence there is the need to fully characterise the substation electromagnetic environment as early as the design stage of substation planning and operation to ensure safe operations of the electronic equipment. This paper deals with the computation of transient electromagnetic fields due to switching within a high voltage air-insulated substation (AIS) using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) metho

Computation of transient electromagnetic fields due to switching in high voltage substations

Switching operations of circuit breakers and disconnect switches radiate transient electromagnetic fields within high-voltage substations. The generated fields may interfere and disrupt normal operations of electronic equipment. Hence, the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of this electronic equipment has to be considered as early as the design stage of substation planning and operation. Also, microelectronics are being introduced into the substation environment and are located close to the switching devices in the switchyards more than ever before, often referred to as distributed electronics. Hence, there is the need to re-evaluate the substation environment for EMC assessment, accounting for these issues. This paper deals with the computation of transient electromagnetic fields due to switching within a typical high-voltage air-insulated substation (AIS) using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method

Effect of high resistive barrier on earthing system

Substation earthing provides a low impedance path and carries current into ground under normal and fault conditions without adversely affecting continuity of service. Under a fault condition, the ground voltage may rise to a level that may endanger the public outside the vicinity of the substation. In such a case a high resistive barrier can be inserted around the vicinity of the substation to reduce the surface potentials immediately beyond the barrier. In this paper the effect of barrier on the overall performance of the earthing system has been investigated experimentally and computationally based on an earthing system consisted of combined grid and rods in a water tank. The effect of the position and depth of the barrier to the resistance of the earthing system and surface potentials in and around the substation have been examined

Simulation models and performance assessment of district heating substations

Development of new technologies and methodologies regarding district heating substation operational control strategies are increasingly found nowadays. At the same time a great number of modern buildings are provided with energy monitoring and control systems which supervise and collect operating data from different energy components. Accordingly, an exemplary district heating systems is being implemented in the city of Kortrijk in Belgium, as part of a demonstration zero-carbon neighborhood. This study deals with the energy performance assessment of one of the systems component -the consumer substationinstalled in this low-temperature district heating system. A comparative analysis of the energy performance with several existing district heating substations was carried out. Three different district heating substation models are set up (using TRNsys) for investigation of the gross energy use, energyefficiency and comfort issues. In order to evaluate the performance of the analyzed substations two scenarios concerning the space heating system (radiator or floor heating system) were considered. The study aims to investigate the impact of different operational circumstances on the performance of district heating substations. The study generate understandings for energy saving operational strategies to be developed. Results indicate that the design concept together with a suitable selection of the substation has an important impact on the energy performance of the entire system

Laboratory testing of the communication based protection relays

The proper operation of control and protection applications in Substation Automation System (SAS) demands very high-speed and reliable communications that has being achieved by using IEC 61850. Moreover, the practical implementation and testing of protection scheme requires a communication system that can be conventional or high-speed peer-to-peer communication. This paper presents the evaluation of the performance advantage of GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) message over its conventional hard-wired counterpart for the same relays protection

Impact Assessment of Hypothesized Cyberattacks on Interconnected Bulk Power Systems

The first-ever Ukraine cyberattack on power grid has proven its devastation by hacking into their critical cyber assets. With administrative privileges accessing substation networks/local control centers, one intelligent way of coordinated cyberattacks is to execute a series of disruptive switching executions on multiple substations using compromised supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. These actions can cause significant impacts to an interconnected power grid. Unlike the previous power blackouts, such high-impact initiating events can aggravate operating conditions, initiating instability that may lead to system-wide cascading failure. A systemic evaluation of "nightmare" scenarios is highly desirable for asset owners to manage and prioritize the maintenance and investment in protecting their cyberinfrastructure. This survey paper is a conceptual expansion of real-time monitoring, anomaly detection, impact analyses, and mitigation (RAIM) framework that emphasizes on the resulting impacts, both on steady-state and dynamic aspects of power system stability. Hypothetically, we associate the combinatorial analyses of steady state on substations/components outages and dynamics of the sequential switching orders as part of the permutation. The expanded framework includes (1) critical/noncritical combination verification, (2) cascade confirmation, and (3) combination re-evaluation. This paper ends with a discussion of the open issues for metrics and future design pertaining the impact quantification of cyber-related contingencies