CLARIN

The book provides a comprehensive overview of the Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure – CLARIN – for the humanities. It covers a broad range of CLARIN language resources and services, its underlying technological infrastructure, the achievements of national consortia, and challenges that CLARIN will tackle in the future. The book is published 10 years after establishing CLARIN as an Europ. Research Infrastructure Consortium

Lability of Verbs and the Change-of-State Construction in Chinese.

Ph.D. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2017

Methods in Contemporary Linguistics

The present volume is a broad overview of methods and methodologies in linguistics, illustrated with examples from concrete research. It collects insights gained from a broad range of linguistic sub-disciplines, ranging from core disciplines to topics in cross-linguistic and language-internal diversity or to contributions towards language, space and society. Given its critical and innovative nature, the volume is a valuable source for students and researchers of a broad range of linguistic interests

Dual developmental mode: the top-down and bottom-up progress of language change in the Korean community of China since 1948

The language change resulting from outside contacts in the Yǒnbyǒn Korean language in China possesses distinctive characteristics. Unlike studies of language contact and change in most contexts, which often observe unidirectional contact-induced changes, the linguistic variation within the Chinese Korean community reveals a dual developmental mode. Ethnic Koreans in China have actively engaged with the Chinese language due to its sociopolitical dominance in China, resulting in significant top-down impacts on the Korean language. Conversely, the cognate Korean language has exerted an increasing influence on Yǒnbyǒn Korean speakers through a bottom-up mode. This research argues that the evolution of the Yǒnbyǒn Korean language possesses a distinctive characteristic: it can potentially be redirected and contested by social factors. Firstly, the sociopolitical landscape plays a pivotal role, exerting top-down influence stemming from modern standard Chinese. Secondly, sociocultural and economic factors, as experienced in the daily lives of ordinary Korean speakers, act as a bottom-up force, drawing influence from South Korean and English language. This research offers insights into the interplay of sociopolitical influences, sociocultural dynamics, economic forces, and individual preferences, by examining the dual developmental mode, driven by social contexts and mechanisms. The research sheds light on the contact-induced changes that affect the lexical, semantic, and structural dimensions of this minority language. The study has made methodological contributions by establishing a specialised corpus containing language data from Yǒnbyǒn Korean spanning the period between 1948 and 2020, filling a substantial gap in data related to this minority language in China that has been influenced by cross-border cognate languages. The research employs the Open-source Korean Text Processor, highlighting its appropriateness for studying the Korean language in the Chinese diaspora

The Present Perfect in World Englishes: Charting Unity and Diversity

This study offers an account of the Present Perfect and its usage in worldwide varieties of English. It is based on corpus data from the International Corpus of English (ICE), which is assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. It follows up on two broad desiderata in Present Perfect research, namely (i) to extend the knowledge of this grammatical area beyond the traditional British/American English paradigm, and (ii) to provide a systematic account of language-external effects such as modes of discourse, macro-genres and text categories. Occurrences of the Present Perfect are automatically extracted from part-of-speech tagged corpus files. Representative samples of the occurrences are then manually annotated for various factors (such as semantics, Aktionsart, temporal adverbials, sentence type, preceding tense, etc.) so that the distributions and the relative importance of these factors can be analyzed. In addition, the impact of alternative (non-standard) surface forms that may express a Present Perfect notion is considered. Measures of similarity between the various varieties of English under investigation are established (e.g. with the help of multidimensional aggregational methods such as cluster analyses and phylogenetic networks) and findings are related to a number of general models of World Englishes, whose descriptive adequacy for this particular area of grammar is tested.Die Studie bietet eine Analyse des Present Perfect und dessen Verwendung in mehreren internationalen Varietäten des Englischen. Sie beruht auf Korpusdaten des International Corpus of English (ICE), die sowohl quantitativ als auch qualitativ betrachtet werden. Dabei werden insbesondere zwei Desiderate im Gebiet der Forschungen bezüglich des Present Perfect angesprochen: (i) zum einen findet eine Erweiterung des Wissensstandes in diesem Grammatikbereich über das traditionelle Paradigma des Britischen/Amerikanischen Englisch hinaus statt, (ii) zum anderen werden erstmals systematisch sprachexterne Effekte wie etwa Kommunikationsform, Makrogenres und Texttypen einbezogen. Auftretende Formen des Present Perfect werden automatisch aus den gemäß Wortklassen annotierten Korpusdaten ausgelesen. Repräsentative Stichproben dieser Beispiele werden anschließend gemäß einer Reihe von Variablen (z.B. Semantik, Aktionsart, Zeitadverbiale, Satzart, vorhergehende Zeitform, etc.) händisch annotiert, so dass eine Einschätzung der relativen Wichtigkeit dieser Variablen möglich ist. Des Weiteren wird der Einfluss alternativer (nicht-standard) Oberflächenformen untersucht, die ebenfalls in Kontexten, bei denen typischerweise das Present Perfect zu erwarten wäre, zum Einsatz kommen. Unter Zuhilfenahme multidimensionaler aggregativer Methoden wie etwa Clusteranalysen und phylogenetischer Netzwerkdarstellungen wird ein Ähnlichkeitsmaßstab zwischen den Varietäten des Englischen erstellt. Die Ergebnisse werden ferner zu einer Reihe an Modellen des sogenannten World English zur Überprüfung deren deskriptiver Gültigkeit in Beziehung gesetzt

Discourses of Purity in Transcultural Perspective (300–1600)

This volume comprises fifteen articles on the differing functions that purity, impurity, pollution and related categories could fulfil in Asian and European religions and societies of the 3rd to 17th century c.E. They focus processes of religious demarcation and transfer.; Readership: All interested in processes of interaction between societies and inidividuals of different creeds and cultures: historians, anthropologists, theologians