Web-based tools and resources for legal translators: the JudGENTT translation-oriented glossaries for criminal courts translators

One of the requirements that most obviously characterises the work of translators in highly specialised fields is to have instant access to expert knowledge management systems that enable them to carry out their work with the precision and rigour demanded when working with specialist texts. However, in the field of professional private translation practice we do not yet have sufficiently powerful tools (of the kind available to international organisations) to enable translators to carry out their terminological work in a systematic way, combining the requirements for linguistic information with those for conceptual information and those related to the time pressure to which they are frequently subject in their work. In this paper we reflect on the general features that such expert knowledge management systems for freelance legal translators should possess, and in particular on the terminological resources that they should feature. To this end we present the design and methodology used by the GENTT research group in creating highly specialised glossaries for translators of criminal court procedure documents from four legal systems: Spain, France, the United Kingdom and Germany. These glossaries are part of a broader webbased expert knowledge management system for translators which also encompasses conceptual (legal concepts and procedures) and textual resources (corpus).This article is part of the research project: 2012-2014 (P1·1B2012-53) funded by the UJI and the research project FFI2012-34200, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy (MINECO) and developed by the GENTT research group of the University Jaume I (Spain)

Semantic transfer in Verbmobil

This paper is a detailed discussion of semantic transfer in the context of the Verbmobil Machine Translation project. The use of semantic transfer as a translation mechanism is introduced and justified by comparison with alternative approaches. Some criteria for evaluation of transfer frameworks are discussed and a comparison is made of three different approaches to the representation of translation rules or equivalences. This is followed by a discussion of control of application of transfer rules and interaction with a domain description and inference component

Functions of Code-switching in Bilingual Classrooms

The significance of role of code switching and code mixing in classrooms where medium of instruction is second/foreign language is approved reality. Observations of bilingual/multilingual classrooms show that teachers use code switching and code mixing in different situations for different purposes. This study aims at knowing the functions of CS (code switching) and CM (code mixing), use teachers in classrooms and the significance of the functions. The data for this study would be collected from teachers, teaching at intermediate level, of government and private colleges, using survey technique. The data would be analyzed statistically using SPSS software. The finding of this study would develop awareness about the use of CS and CM in bilingual classrooms. This study is significant as it would create flexibility in teaching methodologies of teachers. Keywords: Code, Code switching, code mixing, SL, F